EAI Endorsed Transactions on Internet of Things

An open access journal abstracted/indexed in DBLP, CrossRef, EBSCO Discovery Services, DOAJ, OCLC Discovery Services, EuroPub, among others. It focuses on all areas related to the technologies and application fields related to Internet of Things, with no publishing fees.

Editor(s)-in-Chief: Der Jiunn Deng, Yuyu Yin and Robbi Rahim

Scope
Topics
Editors in Chief
Editorial Board
Special Issues

The aim of the EAI Endorsed Transactions on Internet of Things (TIoT) is to provide an ideal environment for crystallising original results and achievements in the Internet of Things domain. TIoT scope encompasses all areas related to the technologies and application fields related to IoT. In particular, original and outstanding results related to the research, development and implementation aspects of any technological, economical and sociological field that bears a significant relationship and impact on IoT.

While pursuing a rigorous scientific approach, TIoT will provide a voice to different communities, and will foster synergies between different fields. Computer Science disciplines closely related to IoT, such as Modelling, Networking, Embedded Devices and Security, will integrate novel results with Governance, Economical and Social studies in order to provide a clear and unifying vision for the upcoming IoT.

We invite submissions that present significant results in theoretical and experimental analysis and evaluation of technologies with specific areas including, but not limited to, networking for constrained devices, business models and applications, modelling, architectures and system design for smart objects, cooperative data processing for IoT, social impact of novel IoT technologies, security for embedded devices, semantic and behavioural aspects of interconnected devices.

The scope of the Transactions encompasses latest advances in the growing field of the Internet of Things (IoT), with the topics of interest being:

Technologies & Protocols: sensors, energy harvesters, RFID, machine-type communications, medium access protocols, radio resource management, industrial control, real-time systems, embedded software design.
Architectures & Services: cloud-based platforms, big data processing engines, security, privacy, device management, CPS/SCADA platforms, innovative/open service architectures, data mining, service middleware, semantic service management.
Applications & Use Cases: smart cities, smart buildings, smart traffic, industrial internet of things, smart metering, smart agriculture, etc.
Standardisation Landscape: IEEE, IETF, 3GPP, ETSI, and various alliances.
Experimentation & Prototypes: real-world deployments at scale, industrial deployments, experiences with prototypes (including what didn’t work), etc.

Guest editor: Tarun Kumar Dubey (School of Electrical, Electronics & Communication Engineering Manipal University Jaipur, VPO Dehmi Kalan, India)

Rogério Pais Dionísio (Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Portugal)

Call for Papers: Special issue on: Advances and Developments of IoT: Communications, Networking, Signal and Image Processing (Manuscript submission deadline: 30 September, 2019; Notification of acceptance: 06 November, 2019; Submission of final revised paper: 09 December, 2019; Publication of special issue (tentative): 06, January, 2020)

Antonella Molinaro (University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, Italy)
Atta Quddus (University of Surrey, UK)
Carla-Fabiana Chiasserini (Politecnico di Torino, Italy)
Joachim Sachs (Ericsson, Sweden)
Kan Zheng (BUPT, China)
Liljana Gavrilovska (University Sts. Cyril and Methodius, Macedonia)
Maria Rita Palattella (University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg)
Rose Qingyang Hu (Utah State University, USA)
Xuan Liu (Future Network Research Center, Southeast University, China)
Chien-Liang Chen (Overseas Chinese University, Taichung, Taiwan)
Yu-Liang Liu (Overseas Chinese University, Taiwan)
Thomas Watteyne (INRIA, France; Linear Technologies, USA)
Pietro Manzoni (Universitat Politècnica de València)
Ahmet Çağdaş Seçkin (Uşak University, Turkey)
Xavi Vilajosana (UOC, Spain; Worldsensing, Spain)

Der Jiunn Deng¹

National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan

Yuyu Yin²

College of Computer, Hangzhou Dianzi University, P.R.China

Robbi Rahim³

Robbi Rahim received his Master in Protocol Cryptography and soon his PhD degree also focus Protocol Cryptography. He has more than 5 years of teaching experience, having previously worked as head of publication at STIM Sukma Medan, Indonesia. His main research work focuses on Computer Security, Genetic Algorithm, Steganography, Cryptography and Decision Support System. Currently, he is working in the area of Cryptography and Decision Support System, with a specialization in the model of communication in Protocol Cryptography.

1: National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan
2: College of Computer, Hangzhou Dianzi University, P.R.China
3: Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Manajemen Sukma, Indonesia

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Shape Based Image Retrieval Using Fused Features
Appears in:
IoT 18: e1

Authors:
Maria Abro, Shahnawaz Talpur, Nouman Qadeer Soomro, Nazish Aslam Brohi

Published:
19th Aug 2019

Abstract:
For content-based image retrieval, the shape is one of the most important discriminatory elements. The form captures most of the perceptual information of the observed objects on images in many applications, while colour and texture can often be omitted without affecting the performance of the retr…For content-based image retrieval, the shape is one of the most important discriminatory elements. The form captures most of the perceptual information of the observed objects on images in many applications, while colour and texture can often be omitted without affecting the performance of the retrieval. Unfortunately, there may be significant changes in shape, such as deformation, scaling, changes in orientation noise, and partial concealment. Accurate shape description remains, therefore, a challenging technical issue. The study performs experimental analysis to identify the problem. The adoption of the MPEG-7 and KIMIA-99 standard has significant importance to simplify the image retrieval process. The Fourier Descriptors, Moment-Based Features, Hierarchical Centroids and Histogram of Oriented Gradients have been applied for
extraction of images from datasets. The fusion of features has been done by Discriminant Correlation Analysis and Direct Concatenation of features it has been evident that by fusion of features we obtained approximately 90% accurate and better results.
more »

Improving Indoor Localization Based on Artificial Neural Network Technology
Appears in:
IoT 18(16): e5

Authors:
Chi Han Chen, Rung Shiang Cheng

Published:
31st Oct 2018

Abstract:
Wireless networks are ubiquitous nowadays and hence provide a promising approach for indoor localization. Many algorithms have been proposed for exploiting wireless signals for localization purposes. Among the methods, ANNbased methods have attracted particular attention due to their robustness in …Wireless networks are ubiquitous nowadays and hence provide a promising approach for indoor localization. Many algorithms have been proposed for exploiting wireless signals for localization purposes. Among the methods, ANNbased methods have attracted particular attention due to their robustness in complex signal environments. However, their accuracy is still degraded by multi-path effects, signal fluctuations, and so on. Accordingly, this study commences by examining the effects of fluctuations in the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurement on the accuracy of an ANN-based localization algorithm. This study list some strategies and illustrate by simulation experiment. Based on the investigation results, a systematic methodology is proposed for improving the localization performance by increasing the number of APs. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by means of numerical simulations.
more »
A Framework for IoT Sensor Data Acquisition and Analysis
Appears in:
IoT 18(16): e4

Authors:
Sivadi Balakrishna, M. Thirumaran, Vijender Kumar Solanki

Published:
31st Oct 2018

Abstract:
In the current scenario, around 35 billion Internet of Things (IoT) devices is connected to the internet. By 2025, it is predicted that the number will grow between 80 and 120 billion devices connected to the internet, supporting to generate 180 trillion gigabytes of new sensor data that year. The …In the current scenario, around 35 billion Internet of Things (IoT) devices is connected to the internet. By 2025, it is predicted that the number will grow between 80 and 120 billion devices connected to the internet, supporting to generate 180 trillion gigabytes of new sensor data that year. The IoT sensor data is generated from various heterogeneous devices, communication protocols, and data formats that are enormous in nature. This huge amount of sensor data is unable to acquire and analyze manually. This is a significant problem for IoT application developers to make the integration of IoT sensor data automatically. However, the large amount of data has led to the inadequacy
of the manual data acquisition and stressed the urgency into the research of IoT based frameworks in automatic. In this paper, we have proposed a framework for IoT sensor data acquisition and analysis (FSDAA). The FSDAA has been implemented on the ThingSpeak IoT Cloud platform for data analysis and visualizations, and compared with the state of the art schemes. Finally, the results show that the proposed FSDAA is efficient in terms of Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F-measure.
more »
Perlustration on Image Processing under Free Hand Sketch Based Image Retrieval
Appears in:
IoT 18(16): e3

Authors:
S. Amarnadh, P.V.G.D. Prasad Reddy, N.V.E.S. Murthy

Published:
31st Oct 2018

Abstract:
In general information retrieval has taken vast diversions in visualizing the content presentation for the users who generates the queries for the system, where it includes the concept of content based Image Retrieval to provide the results in a better way by adapting the approaches like Text Based…In general information retrieval has taken vast diversions in visualizing the content presentation for the users who generates the queries for the system, where it includes the concept of content based Image Retrieval to provide the results in a better way by adapting the approaches like Text Based Image Retrieval (TBIR) and Sketch Based Image Retrieval (SBIR). Nowadays the concept of search engines relies on deeper vision of content and perhaps interested in
providing the results effectively by employing several algorithms from the areas like machine learning, neural networks, Fuzzy Logic and deep learning concept. As the digital world is spreading its dimensions, the supporting environments have been diversified from traditional computers to the mobile based environments. The idea of this paper is to present the
survey on sketch based image retrieval adapting deep learning concept on the mobile platforms, by presenting various methodologies and techniques.
more »
Image Registration Model For Remote Sensing Images
Appears in:
IoT 18(16): e2

Authors:
Sabeen Gul, Sheeraz Memon, Bushra Naz

Published:
31st Oct 2018

Abstract:
Image registration is the vital technology in computer vision. By developing precise image registration algorithm will meaningfully improve the techniques for the problems in computer vision. Registration process does geometrical alteration that aligns point present in one view of an object with si…Image registration is the vital technology in computer vision. By developing precise image registration algorithm will meaningfully improve the techniques for the problems in computer vision. Registration process does geometrical alteration that aligns point present in one view of an object with similar points in another view of that object or another object .Steps involved in image registration are feature finding, matching of features, image transformation and resampling. Feature
finding and matching have vital role in accuracy of the process. In this paper we have used SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) for the feature detection which is invariant to scaling, rotation and noise. KNN nearest neighbor is used for matching similar points and the other efficient method in reducing miss matches in the proposed algorithm is Random
sample consensus method.
more »
Design and Implementation of a Wireless Sensor Network for Agricultural Applications
Appears in:
IoT 18(16): e1

Authors:
Jobish John, Gaurav S. Kasbekar, Dinesh K. Sharma, V. Ramulu, Maryam Shojaei Baghini

Published:
31st Oct 2018

Abstract:
We present the design and implementation of a shortest path tree based, energy eﬃcient data collection wireless sensor network to sense various parameters in an agricultural farm using in-house developed low cost sensors. Nodes follow a synchronized, periodic sleep-wake up schedule to maximize the …We present the design and implementation of a shortest path tree based, energy eﬃcient data collection wireless sensor network to sense various parameters in an agricultural farm using in-house developed low cost sensors. Nodes follow a synchronized, periodic sleep-wake up schedule to maximize the lifetime of the network. The implemented network consists of 24 sensor nodes in a 3 acre maize farm and its performance is captured by 7 snooper nodes for diﬀerent data collection intervals: 10 minutes,1 hour and 3 hours. The almost static nature of wireless links in the farm motivated us to use the same tree for a long data collection period (3 days). The imbalance in energy consumption across nodes is observed to be very small and the network architecture uses easy-to-implement protocols to perform diﬀerent network activities including handling of node failures. We present the results and analysis of extensive tests conducted on our implementation, which provide signiﬁcant insights.
more »
Transition into Internet of Things in Resource Constrained Settings: A Case Study from Malawi
Appears in:
IoT 18(15): e5

Authors:
Martin Bright Msendema, Patrick Albert Chikumba

Published:
23rd Jul 2018

Abstract:
Information Communication Technology (ICT) has in so many ways proved to be the drive of economy and a game changer to many disciplines. However digital divide has been of concern as developed countries have been benefiting more than their developing counterparts. All that resulting from lack of sk…Information Communication Technology (ICT) has in so many ways proved to be the drive of economy and a game changer to many disciplines. However digital divide has been of concern as developed countries have been benefiting more than their developing counterparts. All that resulting from lack of skilled labour and finance to invest into the required technology. This case study focused on the survival of the developing countries as they are constrained by the financial challenges. Three major dimensions from the socio-technical perspective of systems dimensions guided the authors in the study. The study showed the ability of people in developing countries to adapt to the challenging environment as they strive to cultivate from the strengths of ICT. This is particularly within Small and Medium Enterprises. Primary to this adaptation is the use of local expertise to develop own system than relying on imports from developed countries.
more »
Innovative services for informing visually impaired persons in indoor environments
Appears in:
IoT 18(15): e4

Authors:
Dragan Peraković, Marko Periša, Ivan Cvitić, Luka Brletić

Published:
23rd Jul 2018

Abstract:
Movement and informing visually impaired persons is difficult because mobile application solutions and services are unable to work in indoors environments (location based service using GPS technology). Main precondition for active participation in the daily living and needs of visually impaired per…Movement and informing visually impaired persons is difficult because mobile application solutions and services are unable to work in indoors environments (location based service using GPS technology). Main precondition for active participation in the daily living and needs of visually impaired persons is increased degree of mobility. The aim of this research is to increase the quality of life of visually impaired persons and the degree of mobility in indoor environments by applying modern information and communication technologies (Cloud Computing, Fog, IoT, AAL / ELE platform). User requirement will be used to define functionalities of service for informing visually impaired persons in the example of large retail chains. A conceptual system architecture model will be proposed for providing information service with the aim to provide real-time information to users. This research will also show simulation testing of the proposed architecture with Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi 3 platforms for collecting information and informing end users.
more »
A Practical Group Authentication Scheme for Smart Devices in IoT
Appears in:
IoT 18(15): e3

Authors:
Anxi Wang, Jian Shen, Leiming Yan, Yongjun Ren, Qi Liu

Published:
23rd Jul 2018

Abstract:
Internet of things (IoT) is used to provide real-time data collection and analysis of the target area by the cooperation of low-cost devices. The authentication towards multiple devices has become the research hot-spot considering of the requirement in real applications. Sensitivity and privacy of …Internet of things (IoT) is used to provide real-time data collection and analysis of the target area by the cooperation of low-cost devices. The authentication towards multiple devices has become the research hot-spot considering of the requirement in real applications. Sensitivity and privacy of data have caused widespread concerns because low-cost devices are neither tamper-proof nor capable of performing public key cryptography efficiently. However, many researchers only focus on the authentication between two devices in the network. They ignore the authentication among group devices attached to one network. In this paper, we propose A Practical Group Authentication Scheme for Smart Devices in IoT. Note that one device group to be authenticated consists of a group of smart devices. The personal digital assistant (PDA) as the group leader controls authentication operations in its group. From the security analysis, our scheme can resist to various attacks. In addition, the performance analysis shows that our scheme has lower computational cost than the existing scheme.
more »
Industrial Internet of Things - Strategic Way to Optimize the Production Environment in Small Enterprises
Appears in:
IoT 18(15): e2

Authors:
Anna Šmeringaiová, Slavko Pavlenko, Marek Wittner

Published:
23rd Jul 2018

Abstract:
Customization and digitization of production processes represent the current trend in the development of industrial production, to which larger and smaller companies have to adapt. Especially in small company environments it is a challenging process of modifications. Companies do not have their own…Customization and digitization of production processes represent the current trend in the development of industrial production, to which larger and smaller companies have to adapt. Especially in small company environments it is a challenging process of modifications. Companies do not have their own capacities for the preparation and implementation of these changes. This opens up the space for company collaboration with research centers and universities. An example of such cooperation based on the current needs and possibilities of a small evolving engineering company is described in the article.
more »
Wireless Enabled Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Network Application Using Asterisk PBX
Appears in:
IoT 18(15): e1

Authors:
Euclid Narte Odjidja, Salah Kabanda, William Akotam Agangiba, Richard Kofi Annan

Published:
23rd Jul 2018

Abstract:
This paper reechoes the need to use VOIP-based communication channels in order to reduce the heavy cost burden of communication in Sub Saharan Africa and other developing countries. We focus specifically on the context of the campus environment and implement IP PBX to cut down the cost of placing a…This paper reechoes the need to use VOIP-based communication channels in order to reduce the heavy cost burden of communication in Sub Saharan Africa and other developing countries. We focus specifically on the context of the campus environment and implement IP PBX to cut down the cost of placing and receiving voice calls, instant messaging and voice mails with other colleagues connected to an Asterisk server on WIFI-enabled networks. We are motivated by the ease and cost-effectiveness of setting up WIFI-enabled IP network infrastructure which in recent times could be extended to allow inter-institutional linkage to allow collaboration and research.
more »

Analysis of Indoor Rowing Motion using Wearable Inertial Sensors
Appears in:
IoT 16(6): e1

Authors:
Stephan Bosch, Muhammad Shoaib, Stephen Geerlings, Lennart Buit, Nirvana Meratnia, Paul Havinga

Downloads:
3271

Abstract:
In this exploratory work the motion of rowers is analyzed while rowing on a rowing machine. This is performed using inertial sensors that measure the orientation at several positions on the body. Using these measurements, this work provides a preliminary analysis of the differences between experien…In this exploratory work the motion of rowers is analyzed while rowing on a rowing machine. This is performed using inertial sensors that measure the orientation at several positions on the body. Using these measurements, this work provides a preliminary analysis of the differences between experienced and novice rowers, or between a good and a bad technique. The analysis shows that the measured postural angles show no clear trend that would set apart experienced and novice rowers or a bad and a good technique. However, there are clear differences in absolute postural angle's consistency and timing consistency of strokes between novice and experienced rowers. We also applied a machine learning technique to the data to find the similarities between different rowers and an experienced reference rower. The results can be used to compare the quality of the rowing technique with respect to a reference. In this paper, we present our initial results as well as the challenges that need to be further explored.
more »
Semantic Interoperable Traffic Management Framework for IoT Smart City Applications
Appears in:
IoT 18(13): e4

Authors:
Sivadi Balakrishna, M. Thirumaran

Downloads:
740

Abstract:
Real-time traffic monitoring and controlling are one of the biggest problems in this present living world. So many researchers have dealt with and put their effort into this problem, as a result, several types of approaches have developed. Currently using traffic monitoring and alert systems are no…Real-time traffic monitoring and controlling are one of the biggest problems in this present living world. So many researchers have dealt with and put their effort into this problem, as a result, several types of approaches have developed. Currently using traffic monitoring and alert systems are not up to the needs of smart city applications and more expensive. This paper proposes an Internet of Things (IoT) based Smart Real-Time Traffic Monitoring System to provide better service with low cost for Smart city applications using semantic annotations. The proposed framework contains two phases namely-traffic monitoring unit and traffic reduction unit. The first phase analyses semantic traffic to detect an emergency, the latter phase removes redundant semantic information for traffic reduction. Simulation results suggest that the framework is capable of accurate and early detection of an emergency as well as traffic reduction while keeping sufficient information to report the emergency.
more »
Platforms and Protocols for the Internet of Things
Appears in:
IoT 15(1): e5

Authors:
Chiara Pielli, Daniel Zucchetto, Andrea Andrea Zanella, Lorenzo Vangelista, Michele Zorzi

Downloads:
714

Abstract:
Building a general architecture for the Internet of Things (IoT) is a very complex task, exacerbated by the extremely large variety of devices, link layer technologies, and services that may be involved in such a system. In this paper, we identify the main blocks of a generic IoT architecture, de…Building a general architecture for the Internet of Things (IoT) is a very complex task, exacerbated by the
extremely large variety of devices, link layer technologies, and services that may be involved in such a
system. In this paper, we identify the main blocks of a generic IoT architecture, describing their features
and requirements, and analyze the most common approaches proposed in the literature for each block. In
particular, we compare three of the most important communication technologies for IoT purposes, i.e., REST,
MQTT, and AMQP, and we also analyze three IoT platforms: openHAB, Sentilo, and Parse. The analysis will
prove the importance of adopting an integrated approach that jointly addresses several issues and is able to
flexibly accommodate the requirements of the various elements of the system. We also discuss a use case which
illustrates the design challenges and the choices to make when selecting which protocols and technologies to
use.
more »
Dedicated networks for IoT: PHY / MAC state of the art and challenges
Appears in:
IoT 15(1): e3

Authors:
C. Goursaud, J. M. Gorce

Downloads:
709

Abstract:
This paper focuses on the the emerging transmission technologies dedicated to IoT networks.We first analyze the classical cellular network technologies when taking into account the IoT requirements, and point out the need of dedicated technologies for IoT. Then, we present the PHY and MAC layers of…This paper focuses on the the emerging transmission technologies dedicated to IoT networks.We first analyze the classical cellular network technologies when taking into account the IoT requirements, and point out the need of dedicated technologies for IoT. Then, we present the PHY and MAC layers of the technologies that are already deployed, or likely to be deployed: UNB by SigFox, CSS by LoRaTM,Weighless, and RPMA by Ingenu. We then compare their performances to highlight their pros and cons. Finally, we discuss on the open research challenges that still need to be addressed.
more »
Wearable device for swim assessment: a new ecologic approach for communication and analysis
Appears in:
IoT 16(8): e2

Authors:
Paolo Perego, Giuseppe Andreoni, Roberto Sironi, Stefano Lenzi, Giorgio Santambrogio

Downloads:
538

Abstract:
This paper describes a wearable system for the assessment of swim performance focusing on the description of the system and especially on the novel method for data transmission in water, and the algorithm used for extracting some parameters for the qualitative assessment of the performance. We plac…This paper describes a wearable system for the assessment of swim performance focusing on the description of the system and especially on the novel method for data transmission in water, and the algorithm used for extracting some parameters for the qualitative assessment of the performance. We placed a 3-axes Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) on the athlete’s back in a specific swimsuit, which also allows for recording 1-lead ECG. The system and the algorithm have been tested on 13 trials with 10 subjects comparing the results with data extracted from video recording. The system demonstrated able and reliable to measure time and kinematic parameters of swimming.
more »
A Review on Cloud and Fog Computing Integration for IoT: Platforms Perspective
Appears in:
IoT 18(14): e5

Authors:
Asrar A. Baktyan, Ammar T. Zahary

Downloads:
537

Abstract:
The fourth industrial revolution can connect ecosystems of more than 20 billion devices with an unpredictable gross of the local consumption. Connected devices will produce approximately 44 ZB of raw data by 2020, which provides interesting challenges relatively to privacy, connectivity, and scalab…The fourth industrial revolution can connect ecosystems of more than 20 billion devices with an unpredictable gross of the local consumption. Connected devices will produce approximately 44 ZB of raw data by 2020, which provides interesting challenges relatively to privacy, connectivity, and scalability. The Internet of Things (IoT) is earning growing attention that provides the interconnection between the physical and the digital world. Consequently, the physical world needs to be measured and converted into expressible statistics. Cloud for IoT introduces precious application and unique services in several domains. However, fog computing helps in efficient utilization and better performance in case of bandwidth utilization, and low power consumption. This review focuses on the IoT platforms used for fog and cloud computing to serve IoT end-to-end services. In addition, the application of the cloud of thing and fog roles to improve the challenges of the cloud of things are also provided.
more »
Experiments of An active electrode amplifier using SIP with DC rejection for bio-potential recording
Appears in:
IoT 16(8): e1

Authors:
MEIXIU FANG, Xiang Chen, Jinyong Zhang, Lei Wang

Downloads:
513

Abstract:
We present a bioelectric amplifier with SIP for active electrode in this paper .The mid-band gain of the amplifier is 39.95dB.The bandwidth extends from a low frequency cutoff of 7.9mHz to a high frequency cutoff of 2.1kHz.The working voltage is 1.8V and the power consumption of per channel is 6.7u…We present a bioelectric amplifier with SIP for active electrode in this paper .The mid-band gain of the amplifier is 39.95dB.The bandwidth extends from a low frequency cutoff of 7.9mHz to a high frequency cutoff of 2.1kHz.The working voltage is 1.8V and the power consumption of per channel is 6.7uW.The chip has been fabricated with 0.18um 1P6M CMOS process and then using System-In-Package (SIP) to guarantee the performance of the amplifier.
more »
Driver’s ECG Signal Detection and Transmission by Impulse-Radio-Based Human Body Communication Technology
Appears in:
IoT 16(7): e4

Authors:
Jianqing Wang, Taku Kato, Daisuke Anzai

Downloads:
488

Abstract:
In this study, we developed a wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor with human body communication (HBC) tech- nology for vital data transmission in a car. The ECG signals were modulated with wideband pulse signals between 10 and 60 MHz based on an impulse radio (IR) scheme, which provides a dat…In this study, we developed a wearable electrocardiogram
(ECG) sensor with human body communication (HBC) tech-
nology for vital data transmission in a car. The ECG signals were modulated with wideband pulse signals between 10 and 60 MHz based on an impulse radio (IR) scheme, which provides a data rate as high as 1.25 Mbps. To apply the HBC-based wearable ECG in a moving car, we employed a moving average algorithm to reduce the noises produced in
the received ECG signals due to the car's movement. As a
result, we conrmed a real-time ECG transmission of driver in the moving car with a reasonable accuracy.
more »
IoT Community Technologies: Leaving Users to Their Own Devices or Orchestration of Engagement?
Appears in:
IoT 15(1): e7

Authors:
M. Balestrini, T. Diez, P. Marshall, A. Gluhak, Y. Rogers

Downloads:
477

Abstract:
Citizens are increasingly crowdfunding IoT based participatory sensing technologies that allow them to collect and share data about the environment. These initiatives are usually referred to as grassroots and are driven by a vision of widening access to tools for political action. In this paper w…Citizens are increasingly crowdfunding IoT based participatory sensing technologies that allow them to collect and share
data about the environment. These initiatives are usually referred to as grassroots and are driven by a vision of widening
access to tools for political action. In this paper we compare patterns of participation and user experience over 15 months
in two distinct communities using ‘Smart Citizen’, a crowdfunded IoT participatory sensing tool. Our studies reveal that
technology issues and a lack of reliability of the sensed data hindered user participation. However, in one of the
communities, many of these challenges were overcome through orchestrated actions led by community champions. We
discuss how crowdfunding doesn’t necessarily translate into active participation and provide guidelines on how to achieve
sustained engagement in crowdfunded IoT community sensing projects: enable distributed orchestration provided by local
champions, encourage social interactions that embed skills and learning, and facilitate meaningful participation and reward
mechanisms among community members.
more »
IoT-F2CDM-LB: IoT Based Fog-to-Cloud and Data-in-Motion Architectures with Load Balancing
Appears in:
IoT 18(13): e1

Authors:
Istabraq M. Al-Joboury, Emad H. Al-Hemiary

Downloads:
457

Abstract:
The work in this paper tries to enhance the performance of IoT by modifying the Cloud based architecture in terms of storage, processing, and Load Balancing (LB). The assumption is as follows: In a single Fog server, high traffic coming from Things may cause packet loss which in turn affect the ov…The work in this paper tries to enhance the performance of IoT by modifying the Cloud based architecture in terms of storage, processing, and Load Balancing (LB). The assumption is as follows: In a single Fog server, high traffic coming from Things may cause packet loss which in turn affect the overall IoT performance. To overcome such a situation, LB on Fog layer is proposed and implemented practically using virtualization technology. The proposed IoT based Fog-To-Cloud and Data-inMotion with LB (IoT-F2CDM-LB) architecture consists of two load balancers; HAProxy and Server Load Balancing (SLB), are used to distribute messages from Things to four virtualized Fog servers according to Least Connection technique. The implementation is carried out using VirtualBox and GNS3. Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is used to transfer messages between layers. Both load balancers result in packet loss reduction by 50%, lower response time and higher throughput.
more »

Publisher: EAI
ISSN: 2414-1399
Number of Volumes: 4

Last Published: 31st Oct 2018

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Internet of Things

An open access journal abstracted/indexed in DBLP, CrossRef, EBSCO Discovery Services, DOAJ, OCLC Discovery Services, EuroPub, among others. It focuses on all areas related to the technologies and application fields related to Internet of Things, with no publishing fees.

Der Jiunn Deng1

Yuyu Yin2

Robbi Rahim3

Der Jiunn Deng¹

Yuyu Yin²

Robbi Rahim³