EAI Endorsed Transactions on Internet of Things

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Internet of Things is an open access, peer-reviewed scholarly journal focused on all areas related to the technologies and application fields related to Internet of Things. The journal publishes research articles, review articles, commentaries, editorials, technical articles, and short communications with a quarterly frequency. Authors are not charged for article submission and processing.

Editor(s)-in-Chief: Der Jiunn Deng and Shancang Li

Aims & Scope
Indexing
Editors in Chief
Editorial Board
Special Issues

The aim of the EAI Endorsed Transactions on Internet of Things (TIoT) is to provide an ideal environment for crystallising original results and achievements in the Internet of Things domain. TIoT scope encompasses all areas related to the technologies and application fields related to IoT. In particular, original and outstanding results related to the research, development and implementation aspects of any technological, economical and sociological field that bears a significant relationship and impact on IoT.

While pursuing a rigorous scientific approach, TIoT will provide a voice to different communities, and will foster synergies between different fields. Computer Science disciplines closely related to IoT, such as Modelling, Networking, Embedded Devices and Security, will integrate novel results with Governance, Economical and Social studies in order to provide a clear and unifying vision for the upcoming IoT.

We invite submissions that present significant results in theoretical and experimental analysis and evaluation of technologies with specific areas including, but not limited to, networking for constrained devices, business models and applications, modelling, architectures and system design for smart objects, cooperative data processing for IoT, social impact of novel IoT technologies, security for embedded devices, semantic and behavioural aspects of interconnected devices.

The scope of the Transactions encompasses latest advances in the growing field of the Internet of Things (IoT), with the topics of interest being:

Technologies & Protocols: sensors, energy harvesters, RFID, machine-type communications, medium access protocols, radio resource management, industrial control, real-time systems, embedded software design.
Architectures & Services: cloud-based platforms, big data processing engines, security, privacy, device management, CPS/SCADA platforms, innovative/open service architectures, data mining, service middleware, semantic service management.
Applications & Use Cases: smart cities, smart buildings, smart traffic, industrial internet of things, smart metering, smart agriculture, etc.
Standardisation Landscape: IEEE, IETF, 3GPP, ETSI, and various alliances.
Experimentation & Prototypes: real-world deployments at scale, industrial deployments, experiences with prototypes (including what didn’t work), etc.

Antonella Molinaro (University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, Italy)
Atta Quddus (University of Surrey, UK)
Carla-Fabiana Chiasserini (Politecnico di Torino, Italy)
Joachim Sachs (Ericsson, Sweden)
Kan Zheng (BUPT, China)
Liljana Gavrilovska (University Sts. Cyril and Methodius, Macedonia)
Maria Rita Palattella (University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg)
Rose Qingyang Hu (Utah State University, USA)
Xuan Liu (Future Network Research Center, Southeast University, China)
Chien-Liang Chen (Overseas Chinese University, Taichung, Taiwan)
Yu-Liang Liu (Overseas Chinese University, Taiwan)
Thomas Watteyne (INRIA, France; Linear Technologies, USA)
Pietro Manzoni (Universitat Politècnica de València)
Ahmet Çağdaş Seçkin (Uşak University, Turkey)
Xavi Vilajosana (UOC, Spain; Worldsensing, Spain)
Qindong Sun (Xi’an University of Technology, China)
Ripon Patgiri (National Institute of Technology Silchar, India)
Shanshan Zhao (University of the West England, UK)
Kamran Ali (Beijing university of Posts & Telecommunications, China)

Der Jiunn Deng¹

Der-Jiunn Deng received the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the National Taiwan University in 2005. He joined the National Changhua University of Education as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering in August 2005 and then became a Distinguished Professor in August 2016. In August 2018, he was seconded to Overseas Chinese University as the Dean of Research and Development for a period of one year, and then he was seconded to the Department of Industrial Technology, Ministry of Economic Affairs, as the Advisor for a period of two year. Dr. Deng is an EAI fellow and has received a number of research awards, such as the Research Excellency Award of National Changhua University of Education, the Outstanding Faculty Research Award of National Changhua University of Education, the ICS 2014 Best Paper award, the NCS 2017 Best Paper Award, and the Chinacom 2017 Best Paper Award. Dr. Deng is the Co-Editor-in-Chief of EAI Endorsed Transactions on IoT and Journal of Computers. He serves as an associate editor in IEEE Network Magazine and International Journal of Communication Systems. He also served or is serving on several program chairs, symposium chairs, and technical program committees for IEEE, EAI and other international conferences. His research interests include multimedia communication, quality-of-service, and wireless local network.

Shancang Li²

Dr Shancang Li received his PhD degrees from Xi’an Jiaotong University in 2008. He is currently with Department of Computer Science and Creative Technology at UWE Bristol, UK. He is a fellow of higher education academy (HEA), a Senior Member of IEEE, and a member of IEEE IoT Special Interest Group. His research focuses on the Internet of things (IoT), including IoT architecture, security, IoT applications, and industry IoT. In addition, he has been investigating and developing algorithms and protocols for IoT security and privacy preservation, lightweight security, digital forensics, and information security. His research findings have been applied to IoT, sensor network, and smart grid. In the past few years, he has organised more than 10 special issues on IEEE Transactions on Social Computation Systems, IEEE Access. He serves as an associate editors and Journal of Industrial Information Integration.

1: National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan
2: University of the West of England - UWE Bristol, UK

Online First
Recently Published
Most Popular

QR Code based Indoor Navigation system for Attender Robot
Appears in:
IoT 18: e3

Authors:
A. Sneha, V. Sai Lakshmi Teja, Tusar Kanti Mishra, Kuppili N. Satya Chitra

Published:
13th Jul 2020

Abstract:
In this paper, we elicit a cost-effective design of a robot that is used to perform the tasks of the attender, a wheeled mobile robot. The two main challenging aspects of mobile robotics are to achieve localization and navigation. Localization determines the location of the robot with respect to …In this paper, we elicit a cost-effective design of a robot that is used to perform the tasks of the attender, a wheeled
mobile robot. The two main challenging aspects of mobile robotics are to achieve localization and navigation.
Localization determines the location of the robot with respect to its environment. Navigation is the movement of
the robot from one location to the other. Here, the unique design and representation of the QR code helped us to
localize and navigate the robot. A raspberry pi mounted with a camera is used to interface with the robot. The
triangulation method is used to localize the robot. Dijkstra’s algorithm is used to compute the shortest path from
source to destination. The system is monitored tested based on the feedback system established by the Hologram
cellular USB modem. Experimental results show that this approach has good feasibility and effectiveness. The
robot navigates through the shortest path, performs specified tasks, and returns to its source.
more »
Review: Mass Screening framework for children with dyslexia using IOT and computing analysis
Appears in:
IoT 18: e2

Authors:
Sailaja Mulakaluri, Girisha G S

Published:
30th Jun 2020

Abstract:
Dyslexia is a medical disorder due to which children have difficulties in learning and reproducing the learnt concepts. In this context children are mostly considered to be not interested or negligent towards their studies. According to dyslexia association of India 10-15 % of children enrolled in …Dyslexia is a medical disorder due to which children have difficulties in learning and reproducing the learnt concepts. In this context children are mostly considered to be not interested or negligent towards their studies. According to dyslexia association of India 10-15 % of children enrolled in schools suffer from some type of Dyslexia. Awareness on Learning difficulties and detection is a complicated. As detection of LD requires diverse features it requires proper guidance and
intervention. The issues with explicit learning difficulties in kids have been a reason for worry to parents and educators. Its challenging for the teachers and educationalists to differentiate students with LD and other students. This paper mainly analysis of the paper titled “Diagnosis of Dyslexia using Computing Analysis“, Electroencephalogram (EEG) as a tool is used for understanding of brain process and related functions, Number of factors related to Dyslexia and “Power spectral density” is extracted using Gibson test for brain skills. And to identify differences in brain processing using EEG Technology in kids with dyslexia and non-dyslexic. Data sets are generated classifying Dyslexic and non dyslexic and were analysed using the K-means, Fuzzy and ANN classifiers. then the results obtained from these classifiers differentiate between the three different groups (dyslexic, non-dyslexic and disordered). And the next paper “Spatial Blockchain-based Secure Mass Screening Framework for Children with Dyslexia”, this paper was mainly focused in detection of symptoms of dyslexia at an age of 8-11 years, so that children can be assisted with various assisting tools and take technologic support so that children can take part in regular schools. This paper is based on Mobile Edge Computing, cloud computing.
more »
IoT-Q-Band: A low cost internet of things based wearable band to detect and track absconding COVID-19 quarantine subjects
Appears in:
IoT 18: e1

Authors:
Vibhutesh Kumar Singh, Himanshu Chandna, Ashish Kumar, Sujeet Kumar, Nidhi Upadhyay, Kumar Utkarsh

Published:
21st Apr 2020

Abstract:
The world health organization (WHO) has declared the novel coronavirus disease (nCoV or COVID-19) outbreak a pandemic, and quarantines are playing a vital role in containing its spread. But globally, the defections of the quarantined subjects are raising serious concerns. If COVID-19 positive, th…The world health organization (WHO) has declared the novel coronavirus disease (nCoV or COVID-19)
outbreak a pandemic, and quarantines are playing a vital role in containing its spread. But globally, the
defections of the quarantined subjects are raising serious concerns. If COVID-19 positive, the absconding
quarantine subjects can infect more people, which makes the timely detection of them vital. As the literature
suggests, a wearable makes a subject more compliant towards healthcare routines/restrictions; thus, in this
work, we have designed an IoT based wearable quarantine band (IoT-Q-Band) to detect the absconding. While
designing it, we kept in mind the cost, global supply chain disruption, and COVID-19 quarantine duration,
which the WHO recommends. This wearable prototype, with the bundled mobile app, reports and tracks the
absconding quarantine subjects in real-time. IoT-Q-Band is an economical solution that could benefit lowincome regions to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
more »

Editorial: Zero Trust based Internet of Things
Appears in:
IoT 20(20): e1

Author:
Shancang Li

Published:
5th Jun 2020

Abstract:
Zero trust is an emerging framework aims at enhancing the security of Internet of Things (IoT), which connects billions of smart devices. Speciﬁcally, the zero trust security shows great beneﬁts for securing unmanaged devices that might be unable to run computational expensive cryptographic suits.T…Zero trust is an emerging framework aims at enhancing the security of Internet of Things (IoT), which connects billions of smart devices. Speciﬁcally, the zero trust security shows great beneﬁts for securing unmanaged devices that might be unable to run computational expensive cryptographic suits.This editorial will introduce the zero trust IoT (zIoT) and its application in new IoT era.
more »
Study on Evolutionary Approaches for Improving the Energy Efficiency of Wireless Sensor Networks Applications
Appears in:
IoT 20(20): e2

Authors:
D. Lubin Balasubramanian, V. Govindasamy

Published:
3rd Jun 2020

Abstract:
One of the drastically increasing and tremendously demanding networks is the wireless sensor network, which provides an elastic platform where any user can design their sensor-based applications easily. Most of the WSN applications can be accommodated in the existing infrastructure or not require a…One of the drastically increasing and tremendously demanding networks is the wireless sensor network, which provides an elastic platform where any user can design their sensor-based applications easily. Most of the WSN applications can be accommodated in the existing infrastructure or not require any predefined infrastructure. But it has a wide range of applications across the globe which further increases the complexity of the problems in it. Because WSN is a resourceconstrained kind of network where energy consumption is one of the major problems. Some of the problems were addressed by deterministic approaches discussed in earlier research works. In case of efficient routing of messages across the network dynamic programming is one of the deterministic approaches which addresses an efficient routing algorithm. But for a wide range of WSN deterministic algorithms are a time-consuming process. On the other hand, evolutionary algorithms are one such fast-growing domain in the past few decades which addresses many of WSN problems. This paper is a comprehensive survey on the Application of Evolutionary Algorithms in Wireless Sensor Networks. A detailed description of the papers taken for the survey is tabulated in this paper.
more »
A Review on Smart Helmet for Accident Detection using IOT
Appears in:
IoT 20(20): e3

Authors:
H.C. Impana, M. Hamsaveni, H.T. Chethana

Published:
14th May 2020

Abstract:
As we know that accidents are increasing day by day, we can also notice that many laws and regulations are posed by government in order to avoid this accidents. Accidents can be defined as the unplanned event or the mistake that may occur resulting in injury and sometimes it also leads to death. Th…As we know that accidents are increasing day by day, we can also notice that many laws and regulations are posed by government in order to avoid this accidents. Accidents can be defined as the unplanned event or the mistake that may occur resulting in injury and sometimes it also leads to death. The accidents in case of two wheelers are more compared to other vehicles. This may be avoided by wearing helmets and riding vehicles without consuming alcohol. This survey is on smart helmet for accidence avoidance and also examining various related techniques. This research also helps us to understand IOT technology which is being emerged now a days. From the literature survey we find that the method proposed using microcontroller RF transmitter and other sensors is cost effective but we find the system proposed using Raspberry pi module, Pi camera, Pressure Sensor, GPS system which uses image processing algorithms is most efficient since the image processing is included so that we can easily detect the use of helmet from the rider. Smart helmet system helps to provide safety and security to the two wheeler riders.
more »
An Intelligent Surgery Information System Using RFID for Internet of Things
Appears in:
IoT 20(20): e4

Authors:
Lun-Ping Hung, Shen-Yuan Tang, Chien-Liang Chen, Shih-Yang Yang

Published:
7th May 2020

Abstract:
The Internet of Things (IoT) enables new hospital information system by using RFID technology. It becomes the key mechanism for IoT. RFID technology is not only help us to identify doctors, nurses or patients in the hospital information system, but also track doctors, nurses or patients in the hosp…The Internet of Things (IoT) enables new hospital information system by using RFID technology. It becomes the key mechanism for IoT. RFID technology is not only help us to identify doctors, nurses or patients in the hospital information system, but also track doctors, nurses or patients in the hospital. More and more data is being collected into the system in order to achieve an intelligent information system. In this study, we develop an intelligent surgery information system to reduce writing errors caused by human negligence and reduce nurse’s and physician’s workload and elevate the quality of patient care. The study was conducted at a medical center located in northern Taiwan. Through the establishment of the proposed intelligent surgery information system, documents used in surgeries are eliminated and are recorded in computers. The intelligent surgery information system combines HIS, PACS and LIS to assist medical personnel to import patient’s clinical records, imaging reports, inspection reports and other relevant information before, during and after surgery. We propose the record, re-check, report and reference, the 4R checking mechanism as the core concept of the development of the proposed intelligent surgery information system. The checking mechanism can automatically view the completion of medical record, and maintain a high degree of integrity if the records are incomplete. After launching the system one and half year, we conduct a questionnaire survey and collect data from nurses and physicians who use this system. The survey was designed to measure the successfulness of the intelligent surgery information system. Questions focused on three broad areas: information quality, system quality, and users’ satisfaction. The results confirmed a high degree of satisfaction among users. According to the feedback, it shows that the system should improve the function of automatic saving on regular basis.
more »
A Neuro Fuzzy Classifier with Linguistic Hedges for Speech Recognition
Appears in:
IoT 20(20): e5

Authors:
Vani H Y, Anusuya M A

Published:
28th Apr 2020

Abstract:
Fuzzy classification is the task of partitioning a feature space into fuzzy classes. A Neuro fuzzy classifier with linguistic hedges is proposed for noisy and clean speech classification. The linguistic Hedges are used to improve the meaning of fuzzy rules up to secondary level. Fuzzy entropy is ap…Fuzzy classification is the task of partitioning a feature space into fuzzy classes. A Neuro fuzzy classifier with linguistic hedges is proposed for noisy and clean speech classification. The linguistic Hedges are used to improve the meaning of fuzzy rules up to secondary level. Fuzzy entropy is applied to select optimal features of MFCC for framing the rules for designing the fuzzy inference system. Results obtained from the proposed classifier is compared over conventional and Neuro Fuzzy Classifier. The classification rates of the proposed model is better than other traditional and conventional fuzzy classifiers. 0.22 to 5% improved classification accuracy is observed for the FSDD dataset. And 5% to 11% of improved classification accuracy is observed for Kannada dataset. From this study it is identified that LH plays a major role in classifying the overlapped classes of data.
more »
A Novel IoT Switching Model Based on Cloud-Centric RTDBS
Appears in:
IoT 19(19): e4

Author:
Sheikh Muhammad Farjad

Published:
8th Apr 2020

Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: Over the past decade, a significant rise in the number of internet-connected devices was observed. The number of smart devices is continuously increasing. The expanding network of interconnected devices provided an impetus for rapid advancement in the domain of Internet-of-Things (I…INTRODUCTION: Over the past decade, a significant rise in the number of internet-connected devices was observed. The
number of smart devices is continuously increasing. The expanding network of interconnected devices provided an
impetus for rapid advancement in the domain of Internet-of-Things (IoT). IoT has recently become a centre of attraction
for research community. The development of microprocessors and microcontrollers has supplemented advancement in IoT
paradigm. The rapidly emerging paradigm of IoT is facing challenges which render significant impact on its performance
and cost.

OBJECTIVES: In this paper, a novel architecture based on Real-Time Database System (RTDBS) coupled with cloud
functionalities is proposed for providing efficient and cost-effective IoT system. An efficient circuit design consisting of
solid state technology has also been integrated with the proposed architecture for enhancing the feasibility of the model.

METHODS: The proposed model leverages cloud-hosted RTDBS for developing IoT system. After an inspective analysis,
the most appropriate RTDBS was selected. In this model, a User Interface (UI) is coupled with the selected RTDBS. The
same RTDBS is connected with ESP8266 which is directly attached with switching circuit based on a proposed design.
The UI is also retrofitted with the functionality of recognizing speech in both English and Urdu. After speech recognition,
corresponding command is sent to RTDBS and RTDBS updates the relevant instance. The modification of state generates
a signal that is sent to ESP8266, and ESP8266 triggers the switching circuit according the signal received from RTDBS.

RESULTS: The proposed IoT system was implemented and tested for continuous switching transactions and it purported
to be highly tolerant against the threat of malfunctioning which arises due to continuous switching operations. The
implemented IoT system was subjected to voice commands both in English and Urdu, and it exhibited the quick responses.

CONCLUSION: The results obtained from the scrutiny of implementation endorse the efficiency of proposed model.
more »
Surveillance and Black Box for Car
Appears in:
IoT 19(19): e3

Authors:
Gagana B R, Chethana H T

Published:
8th Apr 2020

Abstract:
In recent years vehicle accident has become one of the most important problems in almost all over the globe. Drunk and drive, riding without adequate sleep and riding a car at faster speeds are the three significant reasons which lead to drastic increase in the number of accidents. Evidence Collect…In recent years vehicle accident has become one of the most important problems in almost all over the globe. Drunk and drive, riding without adequate sleep and riding a car at faster speeds are the three significant reasons which lead to drastic increase in the number of accidents. Evidence Collection Car is a device used to record the driving history. This device is installed in a car which stores the readings of engine temperature, detection of obstacle and condition of seat belt. The
snapshots inside a car and readings of engine temperature, detection of obstacle and condition of seat belt are collected. The collected information is notified through GSM to the concerned authorities. As a result rescue team will be informed automatically so that injured person will be assisted in a short span of time. The main aim of this paper is to reduce the
percentage of road accidents occurring in real time.
more »
Sub-GHz Band Communication Bridge Connecting TCP/IP Network
Appears in:
IoT 19(19): e1

Authors:
Satoshi Kodama, Rei Nakagawa

Published:
3rd Apr 2020

Abstract:
Recently, low power wide area (LPWA) communication devices have attracted attention in the construction of wide area sensor networks. A type of LPWA device called a sub-GHz band communication device allows a 1-hop wide area communication system to have improved power consumption. However, a sub-GHz…Recently, low power wide area (LPWA) communication devices have attracted attention in the construction of wide area sensor networks. A type of LPWA device called a sub-GHz band communication device allows a 1-hop wide area communication system to have improved power consumption. However, a sub-GHz band communication system is not scalable due to the lack of compatibility with heterogeneous communication devices, such as WiFi and LTE. In this paper, we propose a sub-GHz band communication bridge that builds a cross-over communication system connecting a conventional TCP/IP network and LPWA network. The communication bridge enables scalable TCP/IP network services (e.g., HTTP) by transmitting an ethernet frame over an LPWA network. Through experiments using IM920, a dedicated device for 920 MHz band communication, we evaluated the performance and behavior of communication through TCP applications over a TCP/IP network and LPWA network connected by the proposed communication bridge.
more »
Binary Monkey-King Evolutionary Algorithm for single objective target based WSN
Appears in:
IoT 19(19): e5

Authors:
D. Lubin Balasubramanian, V. Govindasamy

Published:
29th Jul 2019

Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: Target based WSN faces coverage issue in which many targets could not be efficiently covered by static deployed sensors. OBJECTIVES: This paper covers the issue of coverage problems by deploying the sensors to cover all the targets with minimized sensors in number. METHODS: Th…INTRODUCTION: Target based WSN faces coverage issue in which many targets could not be efficiently covered by
static deployed sensors.

OBJECTIVES: This paper covers the issue of coverage problems by deploying the sensors to cover all the targets with
minimized sensors in number.

METHODS: This paper proposes a Binary based Monkey King Evolutionary Algorithm for solving target based WSN
problem, the proposed model consist a Binary method for converting the continuous values into binary form to solve the
choice of potential position to place the sensors.

RESULTS: The proposed algorithm is evaluated in a 50x50 grid and 100x100 grid to track the performance and the
performance of the proposed is compared with GA and PSO.

CONCLUSION: This paper utilized the MKE algorithm for improving the efficiency of the target coverage problem in
WSN. It mainly focused on a single objective-based solution providing for small scale problems. From the simulation
results, it is provided that the proposed MKE algorithm obtained 1.86 % of the F-value, which is higher than the other
optimization algorithms such as GA and PSO.
more »
Mobility-aware dynamic service placement for edge computing
Appears in:
IoT 19(19): e2

Authors:
Gang Liu, Jiawei Wang, Yumin Tian, Zhenhua Yang, Zhenping Wu

Published:
29th Jul 2019

Abstract:
Edge computing provides capabilities similar to traditional cloud computing at network edge closer to users. Oﬄoading applications from the cloud to the edge of the network can eﬀectively diminish the latency of users waiting for applications to improve their quality of service(QoS). Due to the use…Edge computing provides capabilities similar to traditional cloud computing at network edge closer to users. Oﬄoading applications from the cloud to the edge of the network can eﬀectively diminish the latency of users waiting for applications to improve their quality of service(QoS). Due to the user mobility, however, the distance between the user and the edge device is constantly increasing, resulting in a degradation of the user’s QoS. To satisfy the QoS of mobile users, applications should be dynamically migrated to follow the user mobility. In this paper, we propose a mobility-aware dynamic service placement policy that reduces the number of virtual machine migrations and diminishes user-perceived latency simultaneously. The proposed scheme ﬁlters out the invalid migration that the user handoﬀs to another access point before the migration is completed. The simulation trials demonstrate that our solution improves the QoS of users and reduces the number of application migrations.
more »

Analysis of Indoor Rowing Motion using Wearable Inertial Sensors
Appears in:
IoT 16(6): e1

Authors:
Stephan Bosch, Muhammad Shoaib, Stephen Geerlings, Lennart Buit, Nirvana Meratnia, Paul Havinga

Downloads:
5313

Abstract:
In this exploratory work the motion of rowers is analyzed while rowing on a rowing machine. This is performed using inertial sensors that measure the orientation at several positions on the body. Using these measurements, this work provides a preliminary analysis of the differences between experien…In this exploratory work the motion of rowers is analyzed while rowing on a rowing machine. This is performed using inertial sensors that measure the orientation at several positions on the body. Using these measurements, this work provides a preliminary analysis of the differences between experienced and novice rowers, or between a good and a bad technique. The analysis shows that the measured postural angles show no clear trend that would set apart experienced and novice rowers or a bad and a good technique. However, there are clear differences in absolute postural angle's consistency and timing consistency of strokes between novice and experienced rowers. We also applied a machine learning technique to the data to find the similarities between different rowers and an experienced reference rower. The results can be used to compare the quality of the rowing technique with respect to a reference. In this paper, we present our initial results as well as the challenges that need to be further explored.
more »
IoT-Q-Band: A low cost internet of things based wearable band to detect and track absconding COVID-19 quarantine subjects
Appears in:
IoT 18: e1

Authors:
Vibhutesh Kumar Singh, Himanshu Chandna, Ashish Kumar, Sujeet Kumar, Nidhi Upadhyay, Kumar Utkarsh

Downloads:
1710

Abstract:
The world health organization (WHO) has declared the novel coronavirus disease (nCoV or COVID-19) outbreak a pandemic, and quarantines are playing a vital role in containing its spread. But globally, the defections of the quarantined subjects are raising serious concerns. If COVID-19 positive, th…The world health organization (WHO) has declared the novel coronavirus disease (nCoV or COVID-19)
outbreak a pandemic, and quarantines are playing a vital role in containing its spread. But globally, the
defections of the quarantined subjects are raising serious concerns. If COVID-19 positive, the absconding
quarantine subjects can infect more people, which makes the timely detection of them vital. As the literature
suggests, a wearable makes a subject more compliant towards healthcare routines/restrictions; thus, in this
work, we have designed an IoT based wearable quarantine band (IoT-Q-Band) to detect the absconding. While
designing it, we kept in mind the cost, global supply chain disruption, and COVID-19 quarantine duration,
which the WHO recommends. This wearable prototype, with the bundled mobile app, reports and tracks the
absconding quarantine subjects in real-time. IoT-Q-Band is an economical solution that could benefit lowincome regions to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
more »
Design and Implementation of a Wireless Sensor Network for Agricultural Applications
Appears in:
IoT 18(16): e1

Authors:
Jobish John, Gaurav S. Kasbekar, Dinesh K. Sharma, V. Ramulu, Maryam Shojaei Baghini

Downloads:
1272

Abstract:
We present the design and implementation of a shortest path tree based, energy eﬃcient data collection wireless sensor network to sense various parameters in an agricultural farm using in-house developed low cost sensors. Nodes follow a synchronized, periodic sleep-wake up schedule to maximize the …We present the design and implementation of a shortest path tree based, energy eﬃcient data collection wireless sensor network to sense various parameters in an agricultural farm using in-house developed low cost sensors. Nodes follow a synchronized, periodic sleep-wake up schedule to maximize the lifetime of the network. The implemented network consists of 24 sensor nodes in a 3 acre maize farm and its performance is captured by 7 snooper nodes for diﬀerent data collection intervals: 10 minutes,1 hour and 3 hours. The almost static nature of wireless links in the farm motivated us to use the same tree for a long data collection period (3 days). The imbalance in energy consumption across nodes is observed to be very small and the network architecture uses easy-to-implement protocols to perform diﬀerent network activities including handling of node failures. We present the results and analysis of extensive tests conducted on our implementation, which provide signiﬁcant insights.
more »
Powering environment monitoring Wireless Sensor Networks: A review of design and operational challenges in Eastern Africa
Appears in:
IoT 18(14): e1

Authors:
Maximus Byamukama, Geofrey Bakkabulindi, Björn Pehrson, Mary Nsabagwa, Roseline Akol

Downloads:
1201

Abstract:
This paper discusses the various design and operational challenges that we have met in providing power to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) deployed in environment monitoring in East Africa. While such deployments in African environments have a major advantage of abundant sunshine, both in intensity …This paper discusses the various design and operational challenges that we have met in providing power to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) deployed in environment monitoring in East Africa. While such deployments in African environments have a major advantage of abundant sunshine, both in intensity and duration, the same environments still present a number
of unique challenges. With the various research initiatives in Africa being quite disjointed, a major problem is the lack of a unified knowledge base that communicates the current challenges and solutions in designing power systems for these WSNs. We implemented a WSN with several autonomous sensors and two types of gateways. We kept track of voltages, uptime and other diagnostic data. We combine our experiences from the study of these devices, and those of some others in the region and other developing countries and make recommendations where we have achieved good results and propose solutions where work is still in progress.
more »
Dedicated networks for IoT: PHY / MAC state of the art and challenges
Appears in:
IoT 15(1): e3

Authors:
C. Goursaud, J. M. Gorce

Downloads:
1062

Abstract:
This paper focuses on the the emerging transmission technologies dedicated to IoT networks.We first analyze the classical cellular network technologies when taking into account the IoT requirements, and point out the need of dedicated technologies for IoT. Then, we present the PHY and MAC layers of…This paper focuses on the the emerging transmission technologies dedicated to IoT networks.We first analyze the classical cellular network technologies when taking into account the IoT requirements, and point out the need of dedicated technologies for IoT. Then, we present the PHY and MAC layers of the technologies that are already deployed, or likely to be deployed: UNB by SigFox, CSS by LoRaTM,Weighless, and RPMA by Ingenu. We then compare their performances to highlight their pros and cons. Finally, we discuss on the open research challenges that still need to be addressed.
more »
Semantic Interoperable Traffic Management Framework for IoT Smart City Applications
Appears in:
IoT 18(13): e4

Authors:
Sivadi Balakrishna, M. Thirumaran

Downloads:
996

Abstract:
Real-time traffic monitoring and controlling are one of the biggest problems in this present living world. So many researchers have dealt with and put their effort into this problem, as a result, several types of approaches have developed. Currently using traffic monitoring and alert systems are no…Real-time traffic monitoring and controlling are one of the biggest problems in this present living world. So many researchers have dealt with and put their effort into this problem, as a result, several types of approaches have developed. Currently using traffic monitoring and alert systems are not up to the needs of smart city applications and more expensive. This paper proposes an Internet of Things (IoT) based Smart Real-Time Traffic Monitoring System to provide better service with low cost for Smart city applications using semantic annotations. The proposed framework contains two phases namely-traffic monitoring unit and traffic reduction unit. The first phase analyses semantic traffic to detect an emergency, the latter phase removes redundant semantic information for traffic reduction. Simulation results suggest that the framework is capable of accurate and early detection of an emergency as well as traffic reduction while keeping sufficient information to report the emergency.
more »
IoT-F2CDM-LB: IoT Based Fog-to-Cloud and Data-in-Motion Architectures with Load Balancing
Appears in:
IoT 18(13): e1

Authors:
Istabraq M. Al-Joboury, Emad H. Al-Hemiary

Downloads:
954

Abstract:
The work in this paper tries to enhance the performance of IoT by modifying the Cloud based architecture in terms of storage, processing, and Load Balancing (LB). The assumption is as follows: In a single Fog server, high traffic coming from Things may cause packet loss which in turn affect the ov…The work in this paper tries to enhance the performance of IoT by modifying the Cloud based architecture in terms of storage, processing, and Load Balancing (LB). The assumption is as follows: In a single Fog server, high traffic coming from Things may cause packet loss which in turn affect the overall IoT performance. To overcome such a situation, LB on Fog layer is proposed and implemented practically using virtualization technology. The proposed IoT based Fog-To-Cloud and Data-inMotion with LB (IoT-F2CDM-LB) architecture consists of two load balancers; HAProxy and Server Load Balancing (SLB), are used to distribute messages from Things to four virtualized Fog servers according to Least Connection technique. The implementation is carried out using VirtualBox and GNS3. Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is used to transfer messages between layers. Both load balancers result in packet loss reduction by 50%, lower response time and higher throughput.
more »
Platforms and Protocols for the Internet of Things
Appears in:
IoT 15(1): e5

Authors:
Chiara Pielli, Daniel Zucchetto, Andrea Andrea Zanella, Lorenzo Vangelista, Michele Zorzi

Downloads:
945

Abstract:
Building a general architecture for the Internet of Things (IoT) is a very complex task, exacerbated by the extremely large variety of devices, link layer technologies, and services that may be involved in such a system. In this paper, we identify the main blocks of a generic IoT architecture, de…Building a general architecture for the Internet of Things (IoT) is a very complex task, exacerbated by the
extremely large variety of devices, link layer technologies, and services that may be involved in such a
system. In this paper, we identify the main blocks of a generic IoT architecture, describing their features
and requirements, and analyze the most common approaches proposed in the literature for each block. In
particular, we compare three of the most important communication technologies for IoT purposes, i.e., REST,
MQTT, and AMQP, and we also analyze three IoT platforms: openHAB, Sentilo, and Parse. The analysis will
prove the importance of adopting an integrated approach that jointly addresses several issues and is able to
flexibly accommodate the requirements of the various elements of the system. We also discuss a use case which
illustrates the design challenges and the choices to make when selecting which protocols and technologies to
use.
more »
A Review on Cloud and Fog Computing Integration for IoT: Platforms Perspective
Appears in:
IoT 18(14): e5

Authors:
Asrar A. Baktyan, Ammar T. Zahary

Downloads:
803

Abstract:
The fourth industrial revolution can connect ecosystems of more than 20 billion devices with an unpredictable gross of the local consumption. Connected devices will produce approximately 44 ZB of raw data by 2020, which provides interesting challenges relatively to privacy, connectivity, and scalab…The fourth industrial revolution can connect ecosystems of more than 20 billion devices with an unpredictable gross of the local consumption. Connected devices will produce approximately 44 ZB of raw data by 2020, which provides interesting challenges relatively to privacy, connectivity, and scalability. The Internet of Things (IoT) is earning growing attention that provides the interconnection between the physical and the digital world. Consequently, the physical world needs to be measured and converted into expressible statistics. Cloud for IoT introduces precious application and unique services in several domains. However, fog computing helps in efficient utilization and better performance in case of bandwidth utilization, and low power consumption. This review focuses on the IoT platforms used for fog and cloud computing to serve IoT end-to-end services. In addition, the application of the cloud of thing and fog roles to improve the challenges of the cloud of things are also provided.
more »
Experiments of An active electrode amplifier using SIP with DC rejection for bio-potential recording
Appears in:
IoT 16(8): e1

Authors:
MEIXIU FANG, Xiang Chen, Jinyong Zhang, Lei Wang

Downloads:
723

Abstract:
We present a bioelectric amplifier with SIP for active electrode in this paper .The mid-band gain of the amplifier is 39.95dB.The bandwidth extends from a low frequency cutoff of 7.9mHz to a high frequency cutoff of 2.1kHz.The working voltage is 1.8V and the power consumption of per channel is 6.7u…We present a bioelectric amplifier with SIP for active electrode in this paper .The mid-band gain of the amplifier is 39.95dB.The bandwidth extends from a low frequency cutoff of 7.9mHz to a high frequency cutoff of 2.1kHz.The working voltage is 1.8V and the power consumption of per channel is 6.7uW.The chip has been fabricated with 0.18um 1P6M CMOS process and then using System-In-Package (SIP) to guarantee the performance of the amplifier.
more »

Publisher: EAI
ISSN: 2414-1399
Number of Volumes: 5

Last Published: 2020-06-05 13:01:08 UTC

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Internet of Things

Der Jiunn Deng1

Shancang Li2

Der Jiunn Deng¹

Shancang Li²