EAI Endorsed Transactions on Internet of Things

An open access journal abstracted/indexed in DBLP, CrossRef, EBSCO Discovery Services, DOAJ, and WorldCat. It focuses on all areas related to the technologies and application fields related to Internet of Things, with no publishing fees.

Editor(s)-in-Chief: Der Jiunn Deng, Claudio Enrico Palazzi and Yuyu Yin

Scope
Topics
Editor in Chief
Editorial Board
Special Issues

The aim of the EAI Endorsed Transactions on Internet of Things (TIoT) is to provide an ideal environment for crystallising original results and achievements in the Internet of Things domain. TIoT scope encompasses all areas related to the technologies and application fields related to IoT. In particular, original and outstanding results related to the research, development and implementation aspects of any technological, economical and sociological field that bears a significant relationship and impact on IoT.

While pursuing a rigorous scientific approach, TIoT will provide a voice to different communities, and will foster synergies between different fields. Computer Science disciplines closely related to IoT, such as Modelling, Networking, Embedded Devices and Security, will integrate novel results with Governance, Economical and Social studies in order to provide a clear and unifying vision for the upcoming IoT.

We invite submissions that present significant results in theoretical and experimental analysis and evaluation of technologies with specific areas including, but not limited to, networking for constrained devices, business models and applications, modelling, architectures and system design for smart objects, cooperative data processing for IoT, social impact of novel IoT technologies, security for embedded devices, semantic and behavioural aspects of interconnected devices.

The scope of the Transactions encompasses latest advances in the growing field of the Internet of Things (IoT), with the topics of interest being:

Technologies & Protocols: sensors, energy harvesters, RFID, machine-type communications, medium access protocols, radio resource management, industrial control, real-time systems, embedded software design.
Architectures & Services: cloud-based platforms, big data processing engines, security, privacy, device management, CPS/SCADA platforms, innovative/open service architectures, data mining, service middleware, semantic service management.
Applications & Use Cases: smart cities, smart buildings, smart traffic, industrial internet of things, smart metering, smart agriculture, etc.
Standardisation Landscape: IEEE, IETF, 3GPP, ETSI, and various alliances.
Experimentation & Prototypes: real-world deployments at scale, industrial deployments, experiences with prototypes (including what didn’t work), etc.

Special Issue Editors: Pietro Manzoni (Universitat Politècnica de València), Ombretta Gaggi (University of Padova)

Pietro Manzoni received the MS degree in computer science from the “Università degli Studi” of Milan, Italy, in 1989, and the PhD degree in computer science from the “Politecnico di Milano”, Italy, in 1995. He is currently a full professor of computer science at the “Universitat Politècnica de València”, Spain in the Department of Computer Engineering. His research activity is related to mobile wireless data systems design, modelling, and implementation, particularly oriented to Intelligent Transport Systems and Smart Cities. He published more than 300 scientific papers, 80 of them in international journals with impact; his H-index is 30 according to Google Scholar. He has been actively involved in the organization or in the technical committee of various scientific conference and journals. He collaborates with various international academic and industrial research centres. He is a member of the IEEE.

Ombretta Gaggi received the M.S. degree cum laude in Computer Science in December 1998 from University Ca’ Foscari of Venice. In 2003, she received her PHD in Computer Science from the Consortium of Universities of Bologna, Padova and Venice. From April 2003 to March 2006 she was a Post-doc fellow at the Department of Computer Science of Ca' Foscari University in Venice. Ombretta Gaggi is currently a Assistant Professor at the University of Padova. Her researcher interests include serious games, multimedia document and application design, web technologies and cross-platform development of mobile applications. She is serving as reviewer and program committee member in international conferences.

Guest editor: Tarun Kumar Dubey (School of Electrical, Electronics & Communication Engineering Manipal University Jaipur, VPO Dehmi Kalan, India)

Rogério Pais Dionísio (Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco, Portugal)

Call for Papers: Special issue on: Advances and Developments of IoT: Communications, Networking, Signal and Image Processing (Manuscript submission deadline: 30 September, 2019; Notification of acceptance: 06 November, 2019; Submission of final revised paper: 09 December, 2019; Publication of special issue (tentative): 06, January, 2020)

Antonella Molinaro (University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, Italy)
Atta Quddus (University of Surrey, UK)
Carla-Fabiana Chiasserini (Politecnico di Torino, Italy)
Joachim Sachs (Ericsson, Sweden)
Kan Zheng (BUPT, China)
Liljana Gavrilovska (University Sts. Cyril and Methodius, Macedonia)
Maria Rita Palattella (University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg)
Rose Qingyang Hu (Utah State University, USA)
Xuan Liu (Future Network Research Center, Southeast University, China)
Thomas Watteyne (INRIA, France; Linear Technologies, USA)
Xavi Vilajosana (UOC, Spain; Worldsensing, Spain)

Claudio Enrico Palazzi

Claudio E. Palazzi received the M.S. degree in computer science from University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA, in 2005; the Ph.D. degree in computer science from University of Bologna (UniBO), Bologna, Italy, in 2006; and the Ph.D. degree in computer science from UCLA, in 2007. He was an Assistant Professor with the Department of Mathematics, University of Padua, Padua, Italy, from 2007 to 2010. He is currently an Associate Professor with the Department of Mathematics, University of Padua. He is active in various technical program committees in prominent international conferences and has co-authored over 120 papers in international conference proceedings, books, and journals in his research topics. His research interests include protocol design and analysis for wired/wireless networks, with an emphasis on network-centric multimedia entertainment and vehicular networks.

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Perlustration on Image Processing under Free Hand Sketch Based Image Retrieval
Appears in:
IoT 18: e3

Authors:
S. Amarnadh, P.V.G.D. Prasad Reddy, N.V.E.S. Murthy

Published:
17th Jun 2019

Abstract:
In general information retrieval has taken vast diversions in visualizing the content presentation for the users who generates the queries for the system, where it includes the concept of content based Image Retrieval to provide the results in a better way by adapting the approaches like Text Based…In general information retrieval has taken vast diversions in visualizing the content presentation for the users who generates the queries for the system, where it includes the concept of content based Image Retrieval to provide the results in a better way by adapting the approaches like Text Based Image Retrieval (TBIR) and Sketch Based Image Retrieval (SBIR). Nowadays the concept of search engines relies on deeper vision of content and perhaps interested in
providing the results effectively by employing several algorithms from the areas like machine learning, neural networks, Fuzzy Logic and deep learning concept. As the digital world is spreading its dimensions, the supporting environments have been diversified from traditional computers to the mobile based environments. The idea of this paper is to present the
survey on sketch based image retrieval adapting deep learning concept on the mobile platforms, by presenting various methodologies and techniques.
more »
Image Registration Model For Remote Sensing Images
Appears in:
IoT 18: e2

Authors:
Sabeen Gul, Sheeraz Memon, Bushra Naz

Published:
17th Jun 2019

Abstract:
Image registration is the vital technology in computer vision. By developing precise image registration algorithm will meaningfully improve the techniques for the problems in computer vision. Registration process does geometrical alteration that aligns point present in one view of an object with si…Image registration is the vital technology in computer vision. By developing precise image registration algorithm will meaningfully improve the techniques for the problems in computer vision. Registration process does geometrical alteration that aligns point present in one view of an object with similar points in another view of that object or another object .Steps involved in image registration are feature finding, matching of features, image transformation and resampling. Feature
finding and matching have vital role in accuracy of the process. In this paper we have used SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) for the feature detection which is invariant to scaling, rotation and noise. KNN nearest neighbor is used for matching similar points and the other efficient method in reducing miss matches in the proposed algorithm is Random
sample consensus method.
more »
Design and Implementation of a Wireless Sensor Network for Agricultural Applications
Appears in:
IoT 18: e1

Authors:
Jobish John, Gaurav S. Kasbekar, Dinesh K. Sharma, V. Ramulu, Maryam Shojaei Baghini

Published:
16th Apr 2019

Abstract:
We present the design and implementation of a shortest path tree based, energy eﬃcient data collection wireless sensor network to sense various parameters in an agricultural farm using in-house developed low cost sensors. Nodes follow a synchronized, periodic sleep-wake up schedule to maximize the …We present the design and implementation of a shortest path tree based, energy eﬃcient data collection wireless sensor network to sense various parameters in an agricultural farm using in-house developed low cost sensors. Nodes follow a synchronized, periodic sleep-wake up schedule to maximize the lifetime of the network. The implemented network consists of 24 sensor nodes in a 3 acre maize farm and its performance is captured by 7 snooper nodes for diﬀerent data collection intervals: 10 minutes,1 hour and 3 hours. The almost static nature of wireless links in the farm motivated us to use the same tree for a long data collection period (3 days). The imbalance in energy consumption across nodes is observed to be very small and the network architecture uses easy-to-implement protocols to perform diﬀerent network activities including handling of node failures. We present the results and analysis of extensive tests conducted on our implementation, which provide signiﬁcant insights.
more »

Transition into Internet of Things in Resource Constrained Settings: A Case Study from Malawi
Appears in:
IoT 18(15): e5

Authors:
Martin Bright Msendema, Patrick Albert Chikumba

Published:
21st Dec 2018

Abstract:
Information Communication Technology (ICT) has in so many ways proved to be the drive of economy and a game changer to many disciplines. However digital divide has been of concern as developed countries have been benefiting more than their developing counterparts. All that resulting from lack of sk…Information Communication Technology (ICT) has in so many ways proved to be the drive of economy and a game changer to many disciplines. However digital divide has been of concern as developed countries have been benefiting more than their developing counterparts. All that resulting from lack of skilled labour and finance to invest into the required technology. This case study focused on the survival of the developing countries as they are constrained by the financial challenges. Three major dimensions from the socio-technical perspective of systems dimensions guided the authors in the study. The study showed the ability of people in developing countries to adapt to the challenging environment as they strive to cultivate from the strengths of ICT. This is particularly within Small and Medium Enterprises. Primary to this adaptation is the use of local expertise to develop own system than relying on imports from developed countries.
more »
Innovative services for informing visually impaired persons in indoor environments
Appears in:
IoT 18(15): e4

Authors:
Dragan Peraković, Marko Periša, Ivan Cvitić, Luka Brletić

Published:
21st Dec 2018

Abstract:
Movement and informing visually impaired persons is difficult because mobile application solutions and services are unable to work in indoors environments (location based service using GPS technology). Main precondition for active participation in the daily living and needs of visually impaired per…Movement and informing visually impaired persons is difficult because mobile application solutions and services are unable to work in indoors environments (location based service using GPS technology). Main precondition for active participation in the daily living and needs of visually impaired persons is increased degree of mobility. The aim of this research is to increase the quality of life of visually impaired persons and the degree of mobility in indoor environments by applying modern information and communication technologies (Cloud Computing, Fog, IoT, AAL / ELE platform). User requirement will be used to define functionalities of service for informing visually impaired persons in the example of large retail chains. A conceptual system architecture model will be proposed for providing information service with the aim to provide real-time information to users. This research will also show simulation testing of the proposed architecture with Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi 3 platforms for collecting information and informing end users.
more »
A Practical Group Authentication Scheme for Smart Devices in IoT
Appears in:
IoT 18(15): e3

Authors:
Anxi Wang, Jian Shen, Leiming Yan, Yongjun Ren, Qi Liu

Published:
21st Dec 2018

Abstract:
Internet of things (IoT) is used to provide real-time data collection and analysis of the target area by the cooperation of low-cost devices. The authentication towards multiple devices has become the research hot-spot considering of the requirement in real applications. Sensitivity and privacy of …Internet of things (IoT) is used to provide real-time data collection and analysis of the target area by the cooperation of low-cost devices. The authentication towards multiple devices has become the research hot-spot considering of the requirement in real applications. Sensitivity and privacy of data have caused widespread concerns because low-cost devices are neither tamper-proof nor capable of performing public key cryptography efficiently. However, many researchers only focus on the authentication between two devices in the network. They ignore the authentication among group devices attached to one network. In this paper, we propose A Practical Group Authentication Scheme for Smart Devices in IoT. Note that one device group to be authenticated consists of a group of smart devices. The personal digital assistant (PDA) as the group leader controls authentication operations in its group. From the security analysis, our scheme can resist to various attacks. In addition, the performance analysis shows that our scheme has lower computational cost than the existing scheme.
more »
Industrial Internet of Things - Strategic Way to Optimize the Production Environment in Small Enterprises
Appears in:
IoT 18(15): e2

Authors:
Anna Šmeringaiová, Slavko Pavlenko, Marek Wittner

Published:
21st Dec 2018

Abstract:
Customization and digitization of production processes represent the current trend in the development of industrial production, to which larger and smaller companies have to adapt. Especially in small company environments it is a challenging process of modifications. Companies do not have their own…Customization and digitization of production processes represent the current trend in the development of industrial production, to which larger and smaller companies have to adapt. Especially in small company environments it is a challenging process of modifications. Companies do not have their own capacities for the preparation and implementation of these changes. This opens up the space for company collaboration with research centers and universities. An example of such cooperation based on the current needs and possibilities of a small evolving engineering company is described in the article.
more »
Wireless Enabled Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Network Application Using Asterisk PBX
Appears in:
IoT 18(15): e1

Authors:
Euclid Narte Odjidja, Salah Kabanda, William Akotam Agangiba, Richard Kofi Annan

Published:
21st Dec 2018

Abstract:
This paper reechoes the need to use VOIP-based communication channels in order to reduce the heavy cost burden of communication in Sub Saharan Africa and other developing countries. We focus specifically on the context of the campus environment and implement IP PBX to cut down the cost of placing a…This paper reechoes the need to use VOIP-based communication channels in order to reduce the heavy cost burden of communication in Sub Saharan Africa and other developing countries. We focus specifically on the context of the campus environment and implement IP PBX to cut down the cost of placing and receiving voice calls, instant messaging and voice mails with other colleagues connected to an Asterisk server on WIFI-enabled networks. We are motivated by the ease and cost-effectiveness of setting up WIFI-enabled IP network infrastructure which in recent times could be extended to allow inter-institutional linkage to allow collaboration and research.
more »
A Review on Cloud and Fog Computing Integration for IoT: Platforms Perspective
Appears in:
IoT 18(14): e5

Authors:
Asrar A. Baktyan, Ammar T. Zahary

Published:
20th Dec 2018

Abstract:
The fourth industrial revolution can connect ecosystems of more than 20 billion devices with an unpredictable gross of the local consumption. Connected devices will produce approximately 44 ZB of raw data by 2020, which provides interesting challenges relatively to privacy, connectivity, and scalab…The fourth industrial revolution can connect ecosystems of more than 20 billion devices with an unpredictable gross of the local consumption. Connected devices will produce approximately 44 ZB of raw data by 2020, which provides interesting challenges relatively to privacy, connectivity, and scalability. The Internet of Things (IoT) is earning growing attention that provides the interconnection between the physical and the digital world. Consequently, the physical world needs to be measured and converted into expressible statistics. Cloud for IoT introduces precious application and unique services in several domains. However, fog computing helps in efficient utilization and better performance in case of bandwidth utilization, and low power consumption. This review focuses on the IoT platforms used for fog and cloud computing to serve IoT end-to-end services. In addition, the application of the cloud of thing and fog roles to improve the challenges of the cloud of things are also provided.
more »
Condition Monitoring for Wireless Sensor Network-Based Automatic Weather Stations
Appears in:
IoT 18(14): e4

Authors:
Mary Nsabagwa, Julianne Sansa Otim, Roseline Nyongarwizi Akol, Grace Ninsiima, Robert Mwesigye, Maximus Byamukama, Björn Pehrson

Published:
20th Dec 2018

Abstract:
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)-based Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) perform automatic collection and transmission of weather data. These AWSs face challenges, which lower their performance. Hence, a need for regular monitoring to reduce down time. We propose condition monitoring, comprised of a d…Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)-based Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) perform automatic collection and transmission of weather data. These AWSs face challenges, which lower their performance. Hence, a need for regular monitoring to reduce down time. We propose condition monitoring, comprised of a data receiver, analyser, problem classifier and reporter and visualizer, to mine data relationships, identify possible causes of problems and perform reporting of AWS status. The data receiver uses an M/M/1/k queuing model. We use Successive Pairwise REcord Differences (SPREDs) algorithm to compare arrival rates and packet content so as to establish sensor, node and AWS level performance. We also perform a hybrid of Grubb outlier detection and correlations amongst related variables for data validation. Problems take on one of four states. One connection can receive data at a rate as low as 1ms, without loss while problem identification especially in high density network is improved.
more »
Publication and Discovery of Things in the Internet of Things
Appears in:
IoT 18(14): e3

Author:
Naseem Ibrahim

Published:
20th Dec 2018

Abstract:
A large number of IoT platforms have been introduced in the last few years. The major issue with available platforms is that they view Things as private property. But this view is short sighted. A Thing should be viewed as a service or a functionality provider. The Thing owner should be able to pub…A large number of IoT platforms have been introduced in the last few years. The major issue with available platforms is that they view Things as private property. But this view is short sighted. A Thing should be viewed as a service or a functionality provider. The Thing owner should be able to publish Thing information and make it public. On the other hand, Thing requesters should be able to discover available Things. Our research is concerned with introducing an architecture that supports the publication and discovery of Things. This architecture will enable Thing owners to publish Thing speciﬁcation and Thing requesters to ﬁnd Things that best matches their needs. The main contribution of this paper is an SOA Context-aware Architecture for the publication and discovery of Things. This paper formally deﬁnes an architecture for Things and queries. Also, this paper presents two XML languages that supports the publication and query of Things.
more »
A Survey of Internet of Things Services Provision by Telecom Operators
Appears in:
IoT 18(14): e2

Authors:
Manal A. Alareqi, Fahd N. Al-Wesabi, Ammar T. Zahary, Mansoor N. Ali

Published:
20th Sep 2018

Abstract:
Telecom industry will play a vital role in delivering Internet of Things (IoT) solutions and services. Researchers trust that IoT services deployment by Telecom is inevitable during the next few years. Nowadays, digital development overgrows, thus Telecom operators should consider IoT as the next e…Telecom industry will play a vital role in delivering Internet of Things (IoT) solutions and services. Researchers trust that IoT services deployment by Telecom is inevitable during the next few years. Nowadays, digital development overgrows, thus Telecom operators should consider IoT as the next evolution in their business plans. If an operator’s services confined to traditional services such as calling, they will lose a lot of added values and opportunities. In the end, they will find themselves out of the competition. Recently, the research community has addressed this topic and enriched it by highlighting related issues to help operators and researchers to move forward in this field. This paper presents a sound review for this topic covering the most significant related issues such as success elements, strategies and Low-Power Wide-Area (LPWA) standards provided by Telecom operators for IoT provision.
more »
Powering environment monitoring Wireless Sensor Networks: A review of design and operational challenges in Eastern Africa
Appears in:
IoT 18(14): e1

Authors:
Maximus Byamukama, Geofrey Bakkabulindi, Björn Pehrson, Mary Nsabagwa, Roseline Akol

Published:
20th Sep 2018

Abstract:
This paper discusses the various design and operational challenges that we have met in providing power to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) deployed in environment monitoring in East Africa. While such deployments in African environments have a major advantage of abundant sunshine, both in intensity …This paper discusses the various design and operational challenges that we have met in providing power to Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) deployed in environment monitoring in East Africa. While such deployments in African environments have a major advantage of abundant sunshine, both in intensity and duration, the same environments still present a number
of unique challenges. With the various research initiatives in Africa being quite disjointed, a major problem is the lack of a unified knowledge base that communicates the current challenges and solutions in designing power systems for these WSNs. We implemented a WSN with several autonomous sensors and two types of gateways. We kept track of voltages, uptime and other diagnostic data. We combine our experiences from the study of these devices, and those of some others in the region and other developing countries and make recommendations where we have achieved good results and propose solutions where work is still in progress.
more »

Analysis of Indoor Rowing Motion using Wearable Inertial Sensors
Appears in:
IoT 16(6): e1

Authors:
Stephan Bosch, Muhammad Shoaib, Stephen Geerlings, Lennart Buit, Nirvana Meratnia, Paul Havinga

Downloads:
1804

Abstract:
In this exploratory work the motion of rowers is analyzed while rowing on a rowing machine. This is performed using inertial sensors that measure the orientation at several positions on the body. Using these measurements, this work provides a preliminary analysis of the differences between experien…In this exploratory work the motion of rowers is analyzed while rowing on a rowing machine. This is performed using inertial sensors that measure the orientation at several positions on the body. Using these measurements, this work provides a preliminary analysis of the differences between experienced and novice rowers, or between a good and a bad technique. The analysis shows that the measured postural angles show no clear trend that would set apart experienced and novice rowers or a bad and a good technique. However, there are clear differences in absolute postural angle's consistency and timing consistency of strokes between novice and experienced rowers. We also applied a machine learning technique to the data to find the similarities between different rowers and an experienced reference rower. The results can be used to compare the quality of the rowing technique with respect to a reference. In this paper, we present our initial results as well as the challenges that need to be further explored.
more »
Semantic Interoperable Traffic Management Framework for IoT Smart City Applications
Appears in:
IoT 18(13): e4

Authors:
Sivadi Balakrishna, M. Thirumaran

Downloads:
720

Abstract:
Real-time traffic monitoring and controlling are one of the biggest problems in this present living world. So many researchers have dealt with and put their effort into this problem, as a result, several types of approaches have developed. Currently using traffic monitoring and alert systems are no…Real-time traffic monitoring and controlling are one of the biggest problems in this present living world. So many researchers have dealt with and put their effort into this problem, as a result, several types of approaches have developed. Currently using traffic monitoring and alert systems are not up to the needs of smart city applications and more expensive. This paper proposes an Internet of Things (IoT) based Smart Real-Time Traffic Monitoring System to provide better service with low cost for Smart city applications using semantic annotations. The proposed framework contains two phases namely-traffic monitoring unit and traffic reduction unit. The first phase analyses semantic traffic to detect an emergency, the latter phase removes redundant semantic information for traffic reduction. Simulation results suggest that the framework is capable of accurate and early detection of an emergency as well as traffic reduction while keeping sufficient information to report the emergency.
more »
Platforms and Protocols for the Internet of Things
Appears in:
IoT 15(1): e5

Authors:
Chiara Pielli, Daniel Zucchetto, Andrea Andrea Zanella, Lorenzo Vangelista, Michele Zorzi

Downloads:
681

Abstract:
Building a general architecture for the Internet of Things (IoT) is a very complex task, exacerbated by the extremely large variety of devices, link layer technologies, and services that may be involved in such a system. In this paper, we identify the main blocks of a generic IoT architecture, de…Building a general architecture for the Internet of Things (IoT) is a very complex task, exacerbated by the
extremely large variety of devices, link layer technologies, and services that may be involved in such a
system. In this paper, we identify the main blocks of a generic IoT architecture, describing their features
and requirements, and analyze the most common approaches proposed in the literature for each block. In
particular, we compare three of the most important communication technologies for IoT purposes, i.e., REST,
MQTT, and AMQP, and we also analyze three IoT platforms: openHAB, Sentilo, and Parse. The analysis will
prove the importance of adopting an integrated approach that jointly addresses several issues and is able to
flexibly accommodate the requirements of the various elements of the system. We also discuss a use case which
illustrates the design challenges and the choices to make when selecting which protocols and technologies to
use.
more »
Dedicated networks for IoT: PHY / MAC state of the art and challenges
Appears in:
IoT 15(1): e3

Authors:
C. Goursaud, J. M. Gorce

Downloads:
669

Abstract:
This paper focuses on the the emerging transmission technologies dedicated to IoT networks.We first analyze the classical cellular network technologies when taking into account the IoT requirements, and point out the need of dedicated technologies for IoT. Then, we present the PHY and MAC layers of…This paper focuses on the the emerging transmission technologies dedicated to IoT networks.We first analyze the classical cellular network technologies when taking into account the IoT requirements, and point out the need of dedicated technologies for IoT. Then, we present the PHY and MAC layers of the technologies that are already deployed, or likely to be deployed: UNB by SigFox, CSS by LoRaTM,Weighless, and RPMA by Ingenu. We then compare their performances to highlight their pros and cons. Finally, we discuss on the open research challenges that still need to be addressed.
more »
A Review on Cloud and Fog Computing Integration for IoT: Platforms Perspective
Appears in:
IoT 18(14): e5

Authors:
Asrar A. Baktyan, Ammar T. Zahary

Downloads:
499

Abstract:
The fourth industrial revolution can connect ecosystems of more than 20 billion devices with an unpredictable gross of the local consumption. Connected devices will produce approximately 44 ZB of raw data by 2020, which provides interesting challenges relatively to privacy, connectivity, and scalab…The fourth industrial revolution can connect ecosystems of more than 20 billion devices with an unpredictable gross of the local consumption. Connected devices will produce approximately 44 ZB of raw data by 2020, which provides interesting challenges relatively to privacy, connectivity, and scalability. The Internet of Things (IoT) is earning growing attention that provides the interconnection between the physical and the digital world. Consequently, the physical world needs to be measured and converted into expressible statistics. Cloud for IoT introduces precious application and unique services in several domains. However, fog computing helps in efficient utilization and better performance in case of bandwidth utilization, and low power consumption. This review focuses on the IoT platforms used for fog and cloud computing to serve IoT end-to-end services. In addition, the application of the cloud of thing and fog roles to improve the challenges of the cloud of things are also provided.
more »
Wearable device for swim assessment: a new ecologic approach for communication and analysis
Appears in:
IoT 16(8): e2

Authors:
Paolo Perego, Giuseppe Andreoni, Roberto Sironi, Stefano Lenzi, Giorgio Santambrogio

Downloads:
488

Abstract:
This paper describes a wearable system for the assessment of swim performance focusing on the description of the system and especially on the novel method for data transmission in water, and the algorithm used for extracting some parameters for the qualitative assessment of the performance. We plac…This paper describes a wearable system for the assessment of swim performance focusing on the description of the system and especially on the novel method for data transmission in water, and the algorithm used for extracting some parameters for the qualitative assessment of the performance. We placed a 3-axes Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) on the athlete’s back in a specific swimsuit, which also allows for recording 1-lead ECG. The system and the algorithm have been tested on 13 trials with 10 subjects comparing the results with data extracted from video recording. The system demonstrated able and reliable to measure time and kinematic parameters of swimming.
more »
Driver’s ECG Signal Detection and Transmission by Impulse-Radio-Based Human Body Communication Technology
Appears in:
IoT 16(7): e4

Authors:
Jianqing Wang, Taku Kato, Daisuke Anzai

Downloads:
453

Abstract:
In this study, we developed a wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor with human body communication (HBC) tech- nology for vital data transmission in a car. The ECG signals were modulated with wideband pulse signals between 10 and 60 MHz based on an impulse radio (IR) scheme, which provides a dat…In this study, we developed a wearable electrocardiogram
(ECG) sensor with human body communication (HBC) tech-
nology for vital data transmission in a car. The ECG signals were modulated with wideband pulse signals between 10 and 60 MHz based on an impulse radio (IR) scheme, which provides a data rate as high as 1.25 Mbps. To apply the HBC-based wearable ECG in a moving car, we employed a moving average algorithm to reduce the noises produced in
the received ECG signals due to the car's movement. As a
result, we conrmed a real-time ECG transmission of driver in the moving car with a reasonable accuracy.
more »
Experiments of An active electrode amplifier using SIP with DC rejection for bio-potential recording
Appears in:
IoT 16(8): e1

Authors:
MEIXIU FANG, Xiang Chen, Jinyong Zhang, Lei Wang

Downloads:
452

Abstract:
We present a bioelectric amplifier with SIP for active electrode in this paper .The mid-band gain of the amplifier is 39.95dB.The bandwidth extends from a low frequency cutoff of 7.9mHz to a high frequency cutoff of 2.1kHz.The working voltage is 1.8V and the power consumption of per channel is 6.7u…We present a bioelectric amplifier with SIP for active electrode in this paper .The mid-band gain of the amplifier is 39.95dB.The bandwidth extends from a low frequency cutoff of 7.9mHz to a high frequency cutoff of 2.1kHz.The working voltage is 1.8V and the power consumption of per channel is 6.7uW.The chip has been fabricated with 0.18um 1P6M CMOS process and then using System-In-Package (SIP) to guarantee the performance of the amplifier.
more »
IoT Community Technologies: Leaving Users to Their Own Devices or Orchestration of Engagement?
Appears in:
IoT 15(1): e7

Authors:
M. Balestrini, T. Diez, P. Marshall, A. Gluhak, Y. Rogers

Downloads:
442

Abstract:
Citizens are increasingly crowdfunding IoT based participatory sensing technologies that allow them to collect and share data about the environment. These initiatives are usually referred to as grassroots and are driven by a vision of widening access to tools for political action. In this paper w…Citizens are increasingly crowdfunding IoT based participatory sensing technologies that allow them to collect and share
data about the environment. These initiatives are usually referred to as grassroots and are driven by a vision of widening
access to tools for political action. In this paper we compare patterns of participation and user experience over 15 months
in two distinct communities using ‘Smart Citizen’, a crowdfunded IoT participatory sensing tool. Our studies reveal that
technology issues and a lack of reliability of the sensed data hindered user participation. However, in one of the
communities, many of these challenges were overcome through orchestrated actions led by community champions. We
discuss how crowdfunding doesn’t necessarily translate into active participation and provide guidelines on how to achieve
sustained engagement in crowdfunded IoT community sensing projects: enable distributed orchestration provided by local
champions, encourage social interactions that embed skills and learning, and facilitate meaningful participation and reward
mechanisms among community members.
more »
IoT-F2CDM-LB: IoT Based Fog-to-Cloud and Data-in-Motion Architectures with Load Balancing
Appears in:
IoT 18(13): e1

Authors:
Istabraq M. Al-Joboury, Emad H. Al-Hemiary

Downloads:
418

Abstract:
The work in this paper tries to enhance the performance of IoT by modifying the Cloud based architecture in terms of storage, processing, and Load Balancing (LB). The assumption is as follows: In a single Fog server, high traffic coming from Things may cause packet loss which in turn affect the ov…The work in this paper tries to enhance the performance of IoT by modifying the Cloud based architecture in terms of storage, processing, and Load Balancing (LB). The assumption is as follows: In a single Fog server, high traffic coming from Things may cause packet loss which in turn affect the overall IoT performance. To overcome such a situation, LB on Fog layer is proposed and implemented practically using virtualization technology. The proposed IoT based Fog-To-Cloud and Data-inMotion with LB (IoT-F2CDM-LB) architecture consists of two load balancers; HAProxy and Server Load Balancing (SLB), are used to distribute messages from Things to four virtualized Fog servers according to Least Connection technique. The implementation is carried out using VirtualBox and GNS3. Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is used to transfer messages between layers. Both load balancers result in packet loss reduction by 50%, lower response time and higher throughput.
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Publisher: EAI
ISSN: 2414-1399
Number of Volumes: 4

Last Published: 21st Dec 2018