EAI Endorsed Transactions on e-Learning

EAI Endorsed Transactions on e-Learning is an open access, peer-reviewed scholarly journal focused on topics belonging to the variegated and engaging e-Learning landscape, ranging from various types of distance learning (e.g., online, mobile, cloud, hybrid) to virtual laboratory environments supported by sound pedagogies, cutting-edge technologies and much more. The journal publishes research articles, review articles, commentaries, editorials, technical articles, and short communications with a triannual frequency. Authors are not charged for article submission and processing.

Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yudong Zhang and Marco Zappatore

Aims & Scope
Indexing
Editorial Board
Special Issues

EAI Endorsed Transactions on e-Learning is open access, a peer-reviewed scholarly journal focused on topics belonging to the variegated and engaging e-Learning landscape, ranging from various types of distance learning (e.g., online, mobile, cloud, hybrid) to virtual laboratory environments supported by sound pedagogies, cutting-edge technologies and much more. The journal publishes research, review, commentaries, editorials, technical articles, and short communications with a triannual frequency. Authors are not charged for article submission and processing.

Accessibility and usability of online learning
Assessment of e-learning strategies and outcomes
Augmented reality and associated pedagogies
Best Practices of e-Learning around the world
Big Data in global e-Learning
Blended learning
Collaborative learning in in various learning environments
High-impact practices in e-Learning
Immersive learning and mixed reality
Innovative solutions for e-Learning
Intelligent learning and intelligent learning management systems
Learning analytics
Massive open online courses
Mobile learning and its large-scale implementation
Security and privacy in education and e-learning systems
Social learning and social networks
Social and organizational perspectives
Standards and infrastructures
Student engagement in various learning settings
Educational Models and Frameworks
Virtual and Augmented Learning Environments

Call for Papers: Special issue on: Intelligent Application in Special Education (IASE) (Manuscript submission deadline: 2021-06-30; Notification of acceptance: 2021-07-30; Submission of final revised paper: 2021-08-30; Publication of special issue (tentative): 2021-09-17)

Lead Guest Editor: Xianwei Jiang (Nanjing Normal University of Special Education, China)

Alberto Bucciero (Università del Salento, Italy)
Amruth Kumar (Ramapo College of New Jersey, USA)
Anasol Pena Rios (University of Essex and British Telecom)
Andrea Pandurino (Università del Salento, Italy)
Andrey Lyamin (ITMO University, Russia)
Athanassios Jimoyiannis (University of Peloponnese, Greece)
Dagmar Caganova (Slovak University of Technology)
Debbie Holley (Bournemouth University, UK)
Ed Currie (Middlesex University, UK)
Edward Currie (Middlesex University)
Eusebio Scornavacca (University of Baltimore, USA)
Evgeniy Efimchik (ITMO University, Russia)
Francisco Bellido (Universidad de Córdoba, Spain)
George Evangelinos (Anglia Ruskin University, UK)
Goran Trajkovski (Western Governors University, USA)
Gordon Hunter (Kingston University, UK)
Jaime Meza (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain)
Jamshid Beheshti (McGill University, Canada)
Jia Chen (Shanghai International Studies University)
John Carfora (Loyola Marymount University, USA)
John O'Connor (Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland)
Jonathon Richter (Director of iLRN)
Luca Ferrari (Università di Bologna, Italy)
Mark J. W. Lee (School of Education Charles Sturt University, Australia)
Markus Helfert (Dublin City University, Ireland)
Matthias Glowatz (University College Dublin, Ireland)
Melody Buckner (University of Arizona, USA)
Michelle Crosby-Nagy (International Business School, Hungary)
Nian-Shing Chen (Editor of Educational Technology and Society)
Nicoletta Adamo-Villani (Purdue University, USA)
Nurul Badrul (Centre for Instructor and Advanced Skill Training, Malaysia)
Radhika Pai (Manipal Institute of Technology, India)
Regina Kaplan-Rakowski (Southern Illinois University, USA)
Richard Boateng (University of Ghana, Ghana)
Sabrina Leone (Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy)
Shuai Liu (Hunan Normal University, China)
Stefano Za (LUISS University, Italy)
Steven Truxal (City University of London, UK)
Sujan Shrestha (University of Baltimore, USA)
Victor Zamudio (Instituto Tecnologico de Leon, Mexico)
Vladimír Bradáč (Ostravská Univerzita, Czech Republic)
Vladimir Uskov (Bradley University, USA)
Xuesong Zhai (Science and Technology University of China)
Xianwei Jiang (Nanjing Normal University of Special Education, China)
S. Suman Rajest George (Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies, India)

Recently Published
Most Popular

The Power of AI-Assisted Diagnosis
Appears in:
el 23(4): e3

Author:
Jiaji Wang

Published:
6th Sep 2023

Abstract:
The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have unleashed a wave of transformative technologies, and one area that has witnessed significant progress is AI-assisted diagnosis in healthcare. With the ability to analyze vast amounts of medical data, learn from patterns, and make accurate …The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have unleashed a wave of transformative technologies, and one area that has witnessed significant progress is AI-assisted diagnosis in healthcare. With the ability to analyze vast amounts of medical data, learn from patterns, and make accurate predictions, AI systems hold immense potential to revolutionize the diagnostic process, enabling earlier detection, improved accuracy, and personalized treatment recommendations. This review aims to explore the impact of AI in healthcare, specifically focusing on its role in assisting physicians with diagnosis, highlighting the benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations associated with the integration of AI systems into clinical practice. Through the utilization of AI's capabilities, the enhancement of patient outcomes, optimization of resource allocation, and the reshaping of medical professionals' approaches to diagnosis and treatment can be achieved.
more »
A fast image inpainting algorithm based on an adaptive scanning strategy
Appears in:
el 23(4): e1

Authors:
H. R. Guo, W. H. Wang

Published:
15th Aug 2023

Abstract:
OBJECTIVES: In exemplar-based image inpainting algorithms, there are often issues with the calculation of patch similarity for matching, suboptimal strategies for selecting matching patches, and low inpainting speed. METHODS: This paper first uses the variable scale cross-scan block line progressi…OBJECTIVES: In exemplar-based image inpainting algorithms, there are often issues with the calculation of patch similarity for matching, suboptimal strategies for selecting matching patches, and low inpainting speed.
METHODS: This paper first uses the variable scale cross-scan block line progressive scan to solve the problem of slow scanning speed and invalid priority formula. Then, an improved weight similarity formula is used for searching to solve the problem of poor computing strategy for similar matching patches. The search range of matching patches gradually increases from small to large until globally searching for similar matching patches to improve the efficiency of inpainting. To further improve the correctness of matching patch selection, this paper uses six levels of priority matching criteria for screening.
RESULTS: The experimental results show that the inpainting effect of the proposed method is significantly improved in subjective vision, and the structural similarity (SSIM), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and inpainting speed of the inpainting results are all improved.
CONCLUSION: For different types of images, the proposed method has a better inpainting effect and higher inpainting speed than the other three advanced methods.
more »
Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix and RVFL for Covid-19 Diagnosis
Appears in:
el 23(2): e4

Author:
Wenhao Tang

Published:
1st Jun 2023

Abstract:
As the widespread transmission of COVID-19 has continued to influence human health since late 2019, more intersections between artificial intelligence and the medical field have arisen. For CT images, manual differentiation between COVID-19-infected and healthy control images is not as effective an…As the widespread transmission of COVID-19 has continued to influence human health since late 2019, more intersections between artificial intelligence and the medical field have arisen. For CT images, manual differentiation between COVID-19-infected and healthy control images is not as effective and fast as AI. This study performed experiments on a dataset containing 640 samples, 320 of which were COVID-19-infected, and the rest were healthy controls. This experiment combines the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and random vector function link (RVFL). The role of GLCM and RVFL is to extract image features and classify images, respectively. The experimental results of my proposed GLCM-RVFL model are validated using K-fold cross-validation, and the indicators are 78.81±1.75%, 77.08±0.68%, 77.46±0.73%, 54.22±1.35%, and 77.48±0.74% for sensitivity, accuracy, F1-score, MCC, and FMI, respectively, which also confirms that the proposed model performs well on the COVID-19 detection task. After comparing with six state-of-the-art COVID-19 detection, I ensured that my model achieved higher performance.
more »
Teaching Physical Exercise with Music – Pedometric Evaluation
Appears in:
el 23(2): e3

Authors:
W.Vinu W, G. Vinod Kumar , S. Sivachandiran

Published:
6th Apr 2023

Abstract:
In everyday life and culture, music can be encountered and experienced in a variety of forms, and it plays a role in mood swings. Numerous studies have shown that listening to music while exercising increases both the amount of time spent exercising as well as the interest level in the activity. It…In everyday life and culture, music can be encountered and experienced in a variety of forms, and it plays a role in mood swings. Numerous studies have shown that listening to music while exercising increases both the amount of time spent exercising as well as the interest level in the activity. It is hypothesised that instructing pupils in physical activities through the medium of music would have a beneficial effect on them. Fifty-five students from the Faculty of Physical Education were chosen to serve as study subjects in order to investigate the impact that music has on the process of learning and doing the activity. This study was carried out over the course of two days, and the data was gathered by counting the number of footsteps that participants made throughout a period of 20 minutes of instruction with or without music. The exercises were demonstrated to the participants over the course of two days; on the first day, they were demonstrated with music, and on the second day, they were demonstrated without music. According to the findings of this study, there is a discernible contrast between instructing activities with and without the use of music. The topic revealed a tremendous amount of interest and vitality when it was practised with music. The pedometric measure improved with musical training, and males did much better than girls in this regard.
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Analyzing the Effects of Eco-Spirituality on Organizational Commitment and Employee Engagement Among Female Academics in Higher Education
Appears in:
el 23(2): e2

Authors:
Shaan Gulhar, Anshu Singh, Priyanka Agarwal

Published:
30th Mar 2023

Abstract:
This study investigated the connections between eco-spirituality, organizational commitment, and employee engagement by female academics within higher education institutions. The results of this study indicate that eco-spirituality has an effect on organizational commitment, and organizational comm…This study investigated the connections between eco-spirituality, organizational commitment, and employee engagement by female academics within higher education institutions. The results of this study indicate that eco-spirituality has an effect on organizational commitment, and organizational commitment has an effect on employee engagement. Both of these relationships were found to be significant. In addition, this research's findings indicate a direct and indirect relationship between employee engagement and eco-spirituality. Even though this relationship has never been investigated in any of the previous studies, the findings of this research show that there is such a relationship. An employee engagement study, an organizational commitment study, and an employee spirituality study were all conducted using regression analysis. We also considered the correlation between the two data sets when analyzing the connection between the dependent and the independent variables. An examination of the construct item's dependability was carried out.
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Effective Tamil Character Recognition Using Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms
Appears in:
el 23(2): e1

Authors:
Dr. S. Suriya, S. Nivetha, P. Pavithran, Ajay Venkat S., Sashwath K. G., Elakkiya G.

Published:
8th Feb 2023

Abstract:
Computational linguistics is the branch of linguistics in which the techniques of computer science are applied to the analysis and synthesis of language and speech. The main goals of computational linguistics include: Text-to- speech conversion, Speech-to-text conversion and Translating from one la…Computational linguistics is the branch of linguistics in which the techniques of computer science are applied to the analysis and synthesis of language and speech. The main goals of computational linguistics include: Text-to- speech conversion, Speech-to-text conversion and Translating from one language to another. A part of Computational Linguistics is the Character recognition. Character recognition has been one of the active and challenging research areas in the field of image processing and pattern recognition. Character recognition methodology mainly focuses on recognizing the characters irrespective of the difficulties that arises due to the variations in writing style. The aim of this project is to perform character recognition for of one of the complex structures of south Indian language ‘Tamil’ using a supervised algorithm that increases the accuracy of recognition. The novelty of this system is that it recognizes the characters of the Predominant Tamil Language. The proposed approach is capable of recognizing text where the traditional character recognition systems fails, notably in the presence of blur, low contrast, low resolution, high image noise, and other distortions. This system uses Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm that are able to exact the local features more accurately as they restrict the receptive fields of the hidden layers to be local. Convolutional Neural Networks are a great kind of multi-layer neural networks that uses back-propagation algorithm. Convolutional Neural Networks are used to recognize visual patterns directly from pixel images with minimal preprocessing. This trained network is used for recognition and classification. The results show that the proposed system yields good recognition rates.
more »
Design of UML Diagrams for WEBMED - Healthcare Service System Services
Appears in:
el 23(1): e5

Authors:
Dr.S. Suriya, Nivetha S.

Published:
1st Feb 2023

Abstract:
Healthcare service has huge demand these days as it really helps in managing a hospital or a medical office. The scope of Healthcare service systems is increasing by each day and it is true for the entire world. Some of these solutions include improved awareness about Healthcare services and health…Healthcare service has huge demand these days as it really helps in managing a hospital or a medical office. The scope of Healthcare service systems is increasing by each day and it is true for the entire world. Some of these solutions include improved awareness about Healthcare services and health policies. The objective of this system is to provide medical assistance to people instantly with the help of technology. This system eradicates the cultural sensitivity that prevails in many hospitals and improvises the quality of medical assistance. The captivating features of this system are online doctor, medicines at doorstep, bulletin of awareness. The users can also navigate and choose among various insurance schemes that are displayed.Unified Modeling language (UML) is a standardized modeling language enabling developers to specify, visualize, construct and document artifacts of a software system. It uses graphic notation to create visual models of software systems. This paper contains the UML diagrams for better understanding of the system with the help of Star UML tool.Usecase diagrams are used during the analysis phase of a project to identify system functionalities. Class diagram represents the static view of an application.The class diagrams are the only UML diagrams, which can be mapped directly with object-oriented languages.Activity diagram is an important behavioral diagram in UML diagram to describe dynamic aspects of the system. Activity diagram is essentially an advanced version of flow chart that modeling the flow from one activity to another activity.The state machine diagram shows the different states of an entity and focuses more on how it responds to various events by changing from one state to another. Statechart diagram is used to capture the dynamic aspect of a system. State machine diagrams are used to represent the behavior of an application. The sequence diagram focuses on the messages that are passed during an interaction in a time based perspective.A Communication diagram models the interactions between objects or parts in terms of sequenced messages. It describes both the static structure and dynamic behavior of a system. Component diagrams are used to model the physical aspects of a system. It does not describe the functionality of the system but it describes the components used to make those functionalities. Deployment Diagram is a type of diagram that specifies the physical hardware on which the software system will execute. It also determines how the software is deployed on the underlying hardware. UML is a modeling language used by software developers.UML can be used to develop diagrams and provide users with ready-to-use, expressive modeling examples. Some UML tools generate program language code from UML.UML can be used for modeling a system independent of a platform language. UML is a graphical language for visualizing, specifying, constructing, and documenting information about software-intensive systems.UML gives a standard way to write a system model, covering conceptual ideas.
more »
A Concept Map based Teaching of Compiler Design for Undergraduate Students
Appears in:
el 23(1): e4

Authors:
Venkatesan Subramanian, Kalaivany Karthikeyan, Pallapa Venkataram

Published:
17th Aug 2022

Abstract:
In undergraduate engineering, most of the subjects do not have the open visibility of the Industry and Research requirements. Students are interested mostly on subjects which are useful for Industry placement. They do not show interest in non-open visibility subjects if an instructor teaches by sim…In undergraduate engineering, most of the subjects do not have the open visibility of the Industry and Research requirements. Students are interested mostly on subjects which are useful for Industry placement. They do not show interest in non-open visibility subjects if an instructor teaches by simply following the textbook. Considering this, we presented a concept map based teaching methodology with Research and Industry assignments and problems. The proposed methodology focus on improving the teaching quality and students’ understanding level. In this paper, we have taken the Compiler Design subject and presented the concept map. To understand the eectiveness of the proposed methodology, the students feedback was collected and evaluated using the sign-test and the students’ submitted problems and assignments were evaluated to understand their level. The analysis results show that most of students studied Compiler Design with interest as a result of proposed teaching methodology.
more »
COVID-19 Diagnosis by Wavelet Entropy and Extreme Learning Machine
Appears in:
el 23(1): e3

Authors:
Xue Han, Zuojin Hu, William Wang

Published:
11th Aug 2022

Abstract:
In recent years, COVID-19 has spread rapidly among humans. Chest CT is an effective means of diagnosing COVID-19. However, the diagnosis of CT images still depends on the doctor's visual judgment and medical experience. This takes a certain amount of time and may lead to misjudgment. In this paper,…In recent years, COVID-19 has spread rapidly among humans. Chest CT is an effective means of diagnosing COVID-19. However, the diagnosis of CT images still depends on the doctor's visual judgment and medical experience. This takes a certain amount of time and may lead to misjudgment. In this paper, a new algorithm for automatic diagnosis of COVID-19 based on chest CT image data was proposed. The algorithm comprehensively uses WE to extract image features, uses ELM for training, and finally passes k-fold CV validation. After evaluating and detecting performance on 296 chest CT images, our proposed method is superior to state-of-the-art approaches in terms of sensitivity, specificity, precision, accuracy, F1, MCC and FMI.
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Covid-19 Diagnosis by Gray-level Cooccurrence Matrix and Genetic Algorithm
Appears in:
el 23(1): e2

Authors:
Xiaoyan Jiang, Mackenzie Brown, Zuojin Hu, Hei-Ran Cheong

Published:
3rd Aug 2022

Abstract:
Currently, improving the identification of COVID-19 with the help of computer vision and artificial intelligence has received great attention from researchers. This paper proposes a novel method for automatic detection of COVID-19 based on chest CT to help radiologists improve the speed and reliabi…Currently, improving the identification of COVID-19 with the help of computer vision and artificial intelligence has received great attention from researchers. This paper proposes a novel method for automatic detection of COVID-19 based on chest CT to help radiologists improve the speed and reliability of tests for diagnosing COVID-19. Our algorithm is a hybrid approach based on the Gray-level Cooccurrence Matrix and Genetic Algorithm. The Gray-level Cooccurrence Matrix (GLCM) was used to extract CT scan image features, GA algorithm was used as an optimizer, and a feedforward neural network was used as a classifier. Finally, we use 296 chest CT scan images to evaluate the detection performance of our proposed method. To more accurately evaluate the accuracy of the algorithm, 10-run 10-fold cross-validation was introduced. Experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of Sensitivity, Accuracy, F1, MCC, and FMI.
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A Moral Education Learning System based on the Snakes and Ladders Game
Appears in:
el 18(17): e3

Authors:
E. O. Ibam, T. A. Adekunle, O. C. Agbonifo

Downloads:
4286

Abstract:
Moral decadence in our society rises more and more and complaints about this issue are oftentimes about children and their future. Children are likely to disobey due to their inability to understand the effects of their decisions. Games liked by children can help in child education, especially when…Moral decadence in our society rises more and more and complaints about this issue are oftentimes about children and their future. Children are likely to disobey due to their inability to understand the effects of their decisions. Games liked by children can help in child education, especially when the moral aspects of such games are well highlighted. This paper reports the development of a Snakes and Ladders game that emphasizes the moral aspect of the game approach in order to promote moral education among children. The game was tested on twenty (20) children between the ages of 6 and 7. Their knowledge and willingness to follow moral and societal rules was tested before playing the game multiple times and also tested thereafter. It was observed that their knowledge and willingness to follow the rules improved. The game works subconsciously in helping children understand the consequences of certain moral actions in a virtual way. The Design of the system consists of the system architecture, the Use Case diagram, and a flow chart which explains all procedures in a logical sequence. A mathematical model and an algorithm are used to describe the gaming process. The system is implemented using Java programming language.
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UTAUT: Integrating Achievement Goals and Learning Styles for Undergraduates’ Behavioural Intention to Use Technology
Appears in:
el 18(17): e2

Authors:
T.C.Y. Tey, P. Moses

Downloads:
3071

Abstract:
In Malaysia, technology use is much emphasised as the Ministry of Education foresees great potential of technology use in amplifying students’ learning. However, the great potential of technology use has not been fully realised. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the influence of t…In Malaysia, technology use is much emphasised as the Ministry of Education foresees great potential of technology use in amplifying students’ learning. However, the great potential of technology use has not been fully realised. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the influence of the existing antecedents in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model with two additional variables (achievement goal and learning styles) on undergraduates’ behavioural intention to use technology. This study also aimed to determine the best predictor of undergraduates’ intention to use technology. Hence, a quantitative survey method involving 699 undergraduates was employed in this study. The findings indicated that the undergraduates’ effort expectancy, performance expectancy, social influence and achievement goals had significant influence on their behavioural intention to use technology. This study provides insights to the education stakeholders on the necessity to enhance pedagogical technology innovations in the higher education system.
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From structured to unstructured learning via a technology-mediated learning framework
Appears in:
el 18(17): e5

Authors:
Lindsay Miller, Junjie Gavin Wu

Downloads:
2367

Abstract:
In this paper we propose a simple technology-mediated framework for course design. By way of a group project, students were asked to discuss issues about their local culture using their second language. We illustrate that this type of out-of-class learning stimulated the students to use a technolog…In this paper we propose a simple technology-mediated framework for course design. By way of a group project, students were asked to discuss issues about their local culture using their second language. We illustrate that this type of out-of-class learning stimulated the students to use a technologically enhanced learning environment by engaging them with meaningful communication and we show instances from the project data where the following areas were covered: content, collaboration, and learner autonomy. Smartphones, when used appropriately, can be a useful tool for content and language learning.
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Enhancing Student Engagement Through Social Media A School of Business Case Study
Appears in:
el 14(4): e4

Authors:
M. Glowatz, L. Bofin

Downloads:
2364

Abstract:
While many universities have been deploying both electronic learning (eLearning) and social media applications for academic purposes, there is currently little research on the impact on their use on students’ overall learning experiences and associated learning possibilities. This paper elaborates …While many universities have been deploying both electronic learning (eLearning) and social media applications for academic purposes, there is currently little research on the impact on their use on students’ overall learning experiences and associated learning possibilities. This paper elaborates on several online academic activities, such as Facebook, Twitter and quizzes for one classroom taught school of business undergraduate (UG) module. The similarities and differences discovered across all aspects of this paper’s research findings are examined against Chickering & Gamson’s [1] seven principles of good practice teaching and Astin’s [2] five tenets of engagement. Online activities were tracked over a period of one academic semester (fifteen weeks) and results insinuate that innovative and sustainable social media can indeed be utilised in higher education to enhance student learning and engagement.
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On the importance of social network sites in the transitions which characterize ‘emerging adulthood’
Appears in:
el 11(1): e4

Authors:
Gianluca Frozzi, Elvis Mazzoni

Downloads:
2274

Abstract:
Modern-day economic and socio-cultural developments require people to be ever more specialized and mobile in their educational and professional choices. This is particularly relevant for ‘emerging adults’, that is to say, those who find themselves at that stage of life when their scholastic or univ…Modern-day economic and socio-cultural developments require people to be ever more specialized and mobile in their educational and professional choices. This is particularly relevant for ‘emerging adults’, that is to say, those who find themselves at that stage of life when their scholastic or university education ends, and they begin to make choices regarding their professional working life. Transitions between different activity systems, and changes of residence which they entail, make ‘emerging adulthood’ a particularly unstable period in which young people continually dissolve, create and recreate relationship networks of varying degrees of importance which are able to support them through these changes. Beginning with empirical evidence and theoretical starting points typical of the psychology of education and development, this contribution proposes a theoretical reflection which attempts to analyze the efficacy of Social Network Sites in facilitating and supporting emerging adults during their education and vocational training and the important transitions which they have to face as they develop.
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Design of UML Diagrams for WEBMED - Healthcare Service System Services
Appears in:
el 23(1): e5

Authors:
Dr.S. Suriya, Nivetha S.

Downloads:
2237

Abstract:
Healthcare service has huge demand these days as it really helps in managing a hospital or a medical office. The scope of Healthcare service systems is increasing by each day and it is true for the entire world. Some of these solutions include improved awareness about Healthcare services and health…Healthcare service has huge demand these days as it really helps in managing a hospital or a medical office. The scope of Healthcare service systems is increasing by each day and it is true for the entire world. Some of these solutions include improved awareness about Healthcare services and health policies. The objective of this system is to provide medical assistance to people instantly with the help of technology. This system eradicates the cultural sensitivity that prevails in many hospitals and improvises the quality of medical assistance. The captivating features of this system are online doctor, medicines at doorstep, bulletin of awareness. The users can also navigate and choose among various insurance schemes that are displayed.Unified Modeling language (UML) is a standardized modeling language enabling developers to specify, visualize, construct and document artifacts of a software system. It uses graphic notation to create visual models of software systems. This paper contains the UML diagrams for better understanding of the system with the help of Star UML tool.Usecase diagrams are used during the analysis phase of a project to identify system functionalities. Class diagram represents the static view of an application.The class diagrams are the only UML diagrams, which can be mapped directly with object-oriented languages.Activity diagram is an important behavioral diagram in UML diagram to describe dynamic aspects of the system. Activity diagram is essentially an advanced version of flow chart that modeling the flow from one activity to another activity.The state machine diagram shows the different states of an entity and focuses more on how it responds to various events by changing from one state to another. Statechart diagram is used to capture the dynamic aspect of a system. State machine diagrams are used to represent the behavior of an application. The sequence diagram focuses on the messages that are passed during an interaction in a time based perspective.A Communication diagram models the interactions between objects or parts in terms of sequenced messages. It describes both the static structure and dynamic behavior of a system. Component diagrams are used to model the physical aspects of a system. It does not describe the functionality of the system but it describes the components used to make those functionalities. Deployment Diagram is a type of diagram that specifies the physical hardware on which the software system will execute. It also determines how the software is deployed on the underlying hardware. UML is a modeling language used by software developers.UML can be used to develop diagrams and provide users with ready-to-use, expressive modeling examples. Some UML tools generate program language code from UML.UML can be used for modeling a system independent of a platform language. UML is a graphical language for visualizing, specifying, constructing, and documenting information about software-intensive systems.UML gives a standard way to write a system model, covering conceptual ideas.
more »
Digital Competence and Capability Frameworks in Higher Education: Importance of Life-long Learning, Self-Development and Well-being
Appears in:
el 17(13): e1

Authors:
D. Biggins, D. Holley, M. Zezulkova

Downloads:
2216

Abstract:
The paper compares the EU’s 2013 and 2016 digital competence (DigComp) framework with the UK education’s 2009 and 2015 digital capabilities (DigCap) framework. The similarities are in the increased focus on data within privacy/overall literacy and the inclusion of well-being. Among the differences,…The paper compares the EU’s 2013 and 2016 digital competence (DigComp) framework with the UK education’s 2009 and 2015 digital capabilities (DigCap) framework. The similarities are in the increased focus on data within privacy/overall literacy and the inclusion of well-being. Among the differences, DigComp focuses on life-long learning whereas DigCap is more holistic. This is explained by diverse target audiences, as DigComp has to be relevant to various stakeholders across the EU, whilst DigCap serves the UK higher and further education sector. Although education is dominant within DigCap, both frameworks agree on the importance of digital skills, knowledge and attitudes to the fields of education, training and employment. The paper discusses a UK HE case study of a technology enhanced learning toolkit. It concludes by arguing for a human-centred approach to digital competence and capability frameworks, in which learning, self-development and well-being play a vital role.
more »
Application of ARCS Model for a Blended Teaching Methodologies: A Study of Students’ Motivation amid the COVID-19
Appears in:
el 21(21): e2

Authors:
U.K. Durrani, M.M. Kamal

Downloads:
2160

Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: A well-developed course in accordance with sound instructional design principles and successfully delivered multiple times in a traditional face-to-face classroom mode failed to stimulate students’ motivation to learn in an online delivery mode amidst the COVID-19 outbreak. This paper…INTRODUCTION: A well-developed course in accordance with sound instructional design principles and successfully delivered multiple times in a traditional face-to-face classroom mode failed to stimulate students’ motivation to learn in an online delivery mode amidst the COVID-19 outbreak. This paper contributes by presenting a case study on the application of ARCS models to enhance efficacy of an online course and students engagement.

OBJECTIVES: A motivational framework based on the processes outlined in the ARCS model, implemented, and tested using a single-case study.

METHODS: A cohort of seventy-five undergraduate students aged between 24 to 29 years from different program majors enrolled in a six-week mandatory IT in Business course participated in this research. A blend of a traditional flipped classroom and gamified teaching methodologies were applied in alignment with the ARCS model’s four motivational factors: attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction, associated process, and strategies. Before, during, and after treatment surveys based on the original Instructional Material Motivation Survey (IMMS) with 36 questions were conducted to determine the effectiveness of blended teaching methodologies (BTM) on students’ motivation.

RESULTS: The BTM based on the ARCS model, process, and strategies have enhanced and/or sustained students’ motivation and kept the subject interesting in an online environment, and ultimately improved their learning.

CONCLUSION: An adaptive implementation of BTM aligned with ARCS models, process, and associated strategies can enable the enhancement and/or sustainability of students’ motivation. The lecturers or designer should identify the right combination of BTM and activities through iterative motivational feedback of the students during course delivery.
more »
Blended learning for developing effective virtual teams: a proposed intervention format
Appears in:
el 16(12): e4

Authors:
Cristiano Ghiringhelli, Alessandra Lazazzara

Downloads:
2064

Abstract:
The aim of this exploratory study was to develop a blended learning approach to fostering the skills and competencies required by leaders and members of international virtual teams. Three levels of analysis were brought to bear in designing the proposed intervention format: first, the factors likel…The aim of this exploratory study was to develop a blended learning approach to fostering the skills and competencies required by leaders and members of international virtual teams. Three levels of analysis were brought to bear in designing the proposed intervention format: first, the factors likely to influence the effectiveness of a virtual team; second, the needs and challenges related to the early stages of the virtual team membership; third, the role of the human resource function in promoting – via training and development programmes – the knowledge and skills needed for virtual teams to be successful. The research questions included: What are the perceived benefits and challenges associated with the early stages of virtual collaboration? What factors must be carefully defined and managed when running a virtual team? What training needs are perceived by inexperienced virtual team members? How can training and development initiatives contribute to the effectiveness of virtual teams? A qualitative approach based on the model developed by Bal & Gundry was used to analyse data from five interviews with virtual team members at Nielsen TAM Italy. The outcomes informed the proposed blended training programme.
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Animating Instructional Materials in Computer Education: An Approach to Designing and Teaching Concepts in Data Structures Using LATEX
Appears in:
el 12(1): e3

Authors:
Damilola Osikoya, Adeleke Oluwalani

Downloads:
1994

Abstract:
Animation gives a different perception on what is being visually presented. Research has shown that students are likely to understand what is being taught from the combination of animation and text than just with text. Students easily understand scientific concepts in narrative and animated forms…Animation gives a different perception on what is being visually presented. Research has shown that students
are likely to understand what is being taught from the combination of animation and text than just with text.
Students easily understand scientific concepts in narrative and animated forms. Data structure is a way of
storing and arranging data. The efficacy of searching these stored data is very important, so is it vital that they
are stored with the right algorithm. This paper presents animations designed to support teaching in computer
education. Our main focus is to present controlled animated instructional materials in teaching topics in data
structures. We have created three scientifically animated instructional materials in data structures consisting
of the Stacks, Queues and Trees. These scientific spheres have been chosen to demonstrate the basic ideas
of this work, because of its simplicity in representing the animations. We hope to develop reasonable sets
of instructional material of different subject areas that will be stored in a database repository. These are
intended to be delivered to students through an e-learning website and/or Mobile phones to support them
with additional learning opportunities.
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Publisher: EAI
ISSN: 2032-9253
Number of Volumes: 8

Last Published: 2023-08-15