EAI Endorsed Transactions on Mobile Communications and Applications

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Mobile Communications and Applications is an open access, peer-reviewed scholarly journal focused on all aspects of mobile communications theories, technologies, systems, and applications. The journal publishes research articles, review articles, commentaries, editorials, technical articles, and short communications with a triannual frequency. Authors are not charged for article submission and processing.

Editor(s)-in-Chief: Lin Yun, Vanlin Sathya, Vincent A. Cicirello and Arianna D'Ulizia

Aims & Scope
Indexing
Editors in Chief
Editorial Board
Special Issues

The application of mobile technologies in communication systems could be tracked back into 1980s. The emerging of cognitive radio targeted on the revolutionary spectrum access paradigm has sparked a radical change on wireless mobile system design, development, and performance analysis. Since then, the state-of-the art of wireless communications has been significantly advanced, from substantial improvement on spectrum usage, smart adaptation and coexistence in radio and network environments, fundamental enhancement on performance and capacity, to considerable reduction of complexity in mobile network management. This trend will strengthen even more with the advent of fifth generation (5G) communication networks that will impose new challenges, related mainly to the heterogeneity of such networks, the improvement of the quality of experience of users, and the efficient and sustainable use of network resources. Solutions for energy efficient, sustainable future Internet are heavily relied on advanced technologies, new ways of thinking on network design and development, as well as new theoretic foundations. Mobile communication ecosystems need to be equipped with advanced intelligence coming from machine learning, data analytics, and cognitive computing to meet the challenges. We believe mobile communications will remain an important and active area of research for the next several decades. It becomes necessary to provide a common forum to publish high quality papers, and to offer readers a single source to get inspiring ideas and important findings in this area.

To fulfill this purpose, it is our honor to provide the EAI Endorsed Transactions on Mobile Communications and Applications. This journal is an open access, peer-reviewed scholarly archival journal that is committed to the timely publication of high-quality original research papers on all aspects of mobile communications theories, technologies, systems, and applications. All submissions will go through a rigorous peer-review process and be reviewed by expert referees and evaluated by the editorial board. The aims of the transactions are:

to provide a dedicated platform for timely publishing of high quality, peer-reviewed, original papers in fields of mobile communications.
to be a leading journal that publish contributions from a wide range of cross-disciplinary and collaborative domain knowledge related to mobile technologies, theories, systems, and applications, such as information science, computer science, mathematics, and physics.

The Transactions provide flexible means to publish latest results in a timely manner. It accepts the submission of:

regular research papers, for original scientific contributions,
fast-track communications, for short findings,
technical articles, for real, hands-on experiences.
topical reviews, for up-to-date overviews of the hot topics.

Areas of interests include but are not limited to:

Mobile cellular networks
Mobile ad hoc networks
Mobile Internet
WiMAX networks
Vehicular networks
Wireless sensor networks
Satellite communications systems
Mobile system and network architectures
Network control and management
Self-organizing, self-aware, and self-adaptive networks
Mobility management
Modulation and coding techniques
Quality of service
Reliability and fault tolerance
Trust, security and privacy
Mobile applications and services
Performance modelling and analysis
Spectrum sensing algorithm and white space modeling
Spectrum sharing architecture and mechanism
Spectrum-efficient design
Dynamic spectrum management
Spectrum pricing, auction, and trading a
Game theory for dynamic spectrum access
Spectrum mobility control
Reconfigurable wireless platforms
Medium access control design for cognitive radio networks
Spectrum agile and adaptive routing
Security of wireless systems in the context of spectrum sharing
Interference analysis, measurements, and statistical models of spectrum usage
Information-theoretic aspects of next-generation mobile systems
Coexistence with legacy wireless systems
Novel radio architectures and antennas
Simulation tools, testbeds, hardware, and software prototypes
Regulation and standardization
Artificial intelligence and machine learning for mobile communications
Energy-efficiency design in mobile communication systems
Mobile big data analytics
Mobile communications for the Internet of Things (IoT)
Applications enabled by mobile communication systems

Call for Papers: Special issue on: Improving the Security and Privacy Policies through Artificial Intelligence for NextGen (6G) Mobile Networks (Manuscript submission deadline: 2021-09-30; Notification of acceptance: 2021-11-18; Submission of final revised paper: 2022-01-10; Publication of special issue (tentative): 2021-07-30)

Guest Editor: Dr Basim Alhadidi, PhD. Khalaf (Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan) Guest Editor: Dr Hong Jer Lang (Taylor's University, Malaysia) Guest Editor: Dr A M Viswa Bharathy, M.E., Ph.D. (JNTUH University, India)

Dr. Nirwan Ansari (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA)
Dr. Raj Jain (Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, USA)
Dr. Tigang Jiang (UESTC)
Dr. Nei Kato (Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Japan)
Dr. Tiffany Jing Li (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lehigh University, USA)
Dr. Tommaso Melodia (Department of Electrical Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA)
Dr. Claude Oestges (Microwave Laboratory, Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Belgium)
Dr. Kostas Pentikousis (European Research Centre, Huawei Technologies, Germany)
Dr. Charles E. Perkins (WiChorus Inc., USA)
Dr. Martin Reisslein (Department of Electrical Engineering, Arizona State University, USA)
Dr. David Simplot-Ryl (Fundamental Computer Science Laboratory, Centre de recherche INRIA Lille,
Dr. Wenye Wang (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, USA)
Dr. Baoxian Zhang (Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China)
Dr. Cristian Borcea (NJIT)
Dr. Paolo Bellavista (University of Bologna)
Dr. Jian Ren (Michigan State University)
Dr. Lei Chen (Georgia Southern University)
Dr. Houbing Song (Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University)
Dr. Dalei Wu (The University of Tennessee at Chattanoog, USA)
Dr. Jianjun Yang, Department of Computer Science, University of North Georgia, USA
Dr. Qing Yang (University of North Texas)
Dr. Shaoen Wu (Ball State University, USA)
Dr. Dapeng Wu (Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications)
Dr. Ruoling Zhou, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, USA
Dr. Ashutosh Kumar Dubey, Chitkara University, India
Brij Bhooshan Gupta, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, India
Dr. Anand Nayyar, Duy Tan University, Vietnam
Prof. Wen-Cheng Lai, National Penghu University of Science and Technology, Vietnam
Dr A M ViswaBharathy, Malla Reddy College of Engineering and Technology, India
Bo Li, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, China
Klaus Moessner, University of Surrey, UK
Murat Kuscu, Koc University, Turkey
Xuanheng Li, Dalian University of Technology, China

Lin Yun¹

Yun Lin (M'14) received the B.S. degree from Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China, in 2003, the M.S. degree from the Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China, in 2005, and the Ph.D. degree from Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China, in 2010. He was a research scholar with Wright State University, USA, from 2014 to 2015. Now, he is currently a full professor in the College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, China. His current research interests include machine learning and data analytics over wireless networks, signal processing and analysis, cognitive radio and software defined radio, artificial intelligence and pattern recognition. He had published more than 200 international peer-reviewed journal/conference papers, such as the IEEE IoT, TII, TVT, TCCN, TR, Access, INFOCOM, GLOBECOM, ICC, VTC, ICNC. He had four high-cited papers and several best conference papers. He is serving as an editor for the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY, KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems, and International Journal of Performability Engineering. In addition, he served as General Chair of ADHIP 2020, TPC Chair of MOBIMEDIA 2020, ICEICT 2019 and ADHIP 2017, and TPC member of GLOBECOM, ICC, ICNC and VTC. He had successfully organized several international workshops and symposia with top‐ranked IEEE conferences, including INFOCOM, GLOBECOM, DSP, ICNC, among others.

Vanlin Sathya²

Vanlin Sathya is currently a postdoc research scholar at the University of Chicago, Illinois, USA. He was an adjunct faculty at the University of Illinois (UIC) in Chicago. He authored more than 60 IEEE and ACM publications. His novel research ideas generated considerable interest in an industry-led IEEE 802.11 coexistence workshop and ETSI standards. His recent research interests lie in design, analysis, and implementation of wireless network algorithms and particularly interested in 5G NR-U/LAA Wi-Fi Coexistence in 5GHz & 6GHz unlicensed spectrum, 5G mmWave Technologies, Device-to-Device (D2D) networking, Interference Management in 5G NR network, Internet of Things (IoT), LTE Wi-Fi Aggregation (LWA), Handover and Placement of Femto (small cells) in LTE, Full Duplex in 5G cellular communication, Data offloading, Bandwidth aggregation and routing between Wi-Fi and cellular, M2M congestion and scheduling issues. Dr. Vanlin Sathya serves as TPC and Session Chair in ICNC, ICBTA, ICSNC, CECNET, SPCOM, NCC, COMSNET. He is also a review board member in the Future Internet Journal and also reviewer in the top journals such as IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, IEEE Transactions on Communications, IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, IEEE Communication Letter, IEEE Wireless Communication Letter, IEEE Networking Letters, IEEE Access.

Vincent A. Cicirello³

Vincent A. Cicirello, Ph.D. is a Professor of Computer Science at Stockton University in Galloway, NJ, USA, where he has been a faculty member since 2005. He is also among the founding faculty of Stockton University's Behavioral Neuroscience program, an interdisciplinary undergraduate minor. He earned a Ph.D. in Robotics from Carnegie Mellon University in 2003, and also graduated from Drexel University in 1999 with an M.S./B.S. in Computer Science, and a B.S. in Mathematics. His research interests include artificial intelligence, computational intelligence, evolutionary computation, machine learning, and swarm intelligence. He was designated an ACM Senior Member in 2011, received the 2005 AAAI Outstanding Paper award, and was nominated for the 2006 GECCO Best Genetic Algorithm Track Paper award. He received a U.S. Patent in 2010, and has published over 50 journal and conference publications. He is a member of AAAI (Life member), ACM (Senior Member), ACM SIGCSE, ACM SIGAI, ACM SIGEVO, CCSC, IEEE, IEEE Computer Society, IEEE Computational Intelligence Society, and SIAM.

Arianna D'Ulizia⁴

Arianna D’Ulizia graduated in Computer Science Engineering from the “La Sapienza” University in Rome in 2005 and obtained a PhD in Computer Science and Automation from the “Roma Tre” University in Rome in 2009. She is currently a researcher with the Italian National Research Council Institute of Research on Population and Social Policies, Rome.

She is author of more than 70 papers in international journals, conferences and books. She is mainly interested in human-computer interaction, multimodal interaction, visual languages, geographical query languages, social computing, risk governance, knowledge management and innovation.

From 2006 to 2018, she was programme chair for several international workshops and conferences, such as the Workshop on Mobile and Networking Technologies for Social Applications (MONET 2006, MONET 2007, MONET 2008, MONET 2009, MONET 2010, MONET 2011), the Workshop on SOcial and MObile COmputing for Collaborative Environments (SOMOCO 2012, SOMOCO 2013), the Workshop on Mobile and Social Computing for Collaborative Interactions (MSC 2014, MSC 2015), and the International Conference on Responsible Research and Innovation in Science, Innovation and Society (RRI-SIS 2017, RRI-ICT 2018).

She is associate editor of the IEEE Access Journal. She is involved in the editorial board of several international journals in the field of computer science, such as the Journal of Universal Computer Science (J.UCS), the International Journal of Applied Logistics (IJAL) and the International Journal of Mobile Computing and Multimedia Communications (IJMCMC), the EAI Endorsed Transactions on Scalable Information Systems.

She is also a reviewer for several international journals, such as Multimedia Tools And Applications (MTAP), PLoS One, Control & Cybernetics, Sensors, Applied sciences, IEEE Access, International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development, IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems, Advanced Robotics, etc.

She has been a guest editor for several special issues of various international journals, such as the Journal of Computing Science and Engineering, Journal of Next Generation Information Technology, Multimedia Tools and Applications, and ISPRS International Journal of geo-information.

Since 2016, she has been a scientific reviewer for several PRIN, FCS-H2020 PON and Italian “Rita Levi Montalcini” young researchers’ projects. She is part of many programme committees for national and international conferences and workshops.

From 2005 to date, she has participated in 19 European and national projects.

1: Harbin Engineering University, China
2: University of Chicago, USA
3: Stockton University, USA
4: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Italy

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Survey on D2D Resource Scheduling and Power Control Techniques: State-of-art and Challenges
Appears in:
mca 18: e1

Authors:
Abi A. Dejen, Yihenew Wondie, Anna Förster

Published:
4th May 2022

Abstract:
Device to Device (D2D) communication has emerged as the most promising paradigm for optimizing spectral and energy efficiency, reliability as well as increasing network throughput in the emerging cellular generation. D2D resource optimization scheme has been thoroughly investigated in the literat…Device to Device (D2D) communication has emerged as the most promising paradigm for optimizing spectral
and energy efficiency, reliability as well as increasing network throughput in the emerging cellular generation.
D2D resource optimization scheme has been thoroughly investigated in the literature to manage interference
and enable its smooth integration into the future cellular network in recent years as an increasing number
of papers are published each year. We believe systematic categorization of literature in the area will help
readers to comprehend the strengths, weaknesses, and trends of the solution approach. However, a survey that
discusses all aspects, requirements, and challenges of D2D resource optimization is largely missing. Hence, in
this paper, we aim to develop a comprehensive survey that fills the gaps found in the previous literature. Based
on the surveyed papers, it will figure out ideas that have been thoroughly explored and those that assume the
potential for further research.
more »

Realistic Human Mobility Model for Opportunistic Networks
Appears in:
mca 22(20): e5

Author:
Abdolbast Greede

Published:
2nd May 2022

Abstract:
Within the opportunistic wireless network research community, the evaluation of a new network protocol depends almost entirely on simulation. Using simulation enables a researcher to test a wide variety of scenarios at a low cost compared to using a real system. In opportunistic networks, the mobi…Within the opportunistic wireless network research community, the evaluation of a new network protocol
depends almost entirely on simulation. Using simulation enables a researcher to test a wide variety of scenarios at a low cost compared to using a real system. In opportunistic networks, the mobility of users plays a key role in data delivery; therefore, the value of the validation of a data forwarding protocol is highly dependent on the mobility models used in the simulation. In this paper, popular mobility models are assessed. Based on this analysis, a novel mobility model “Realistic Human Mobility Model” (RHMM) is proposed. The performance of the RHMM is evaluated and compared with real traces. The results show that RHMM generates mobility patterns that present characteristics similar to real ones and it has the same statistical properties identified in the real human mobility patterns.
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Marker-based Tangible Interfaces for Smartphone-based Virtual Reality
Appears in:
mca 22(20): e4

Authors:
Jorge C. S. Cardoso, Jorge M. Ribeiro

Published:
11th Apr 2022

Abstract:
In this work, we describe an approach for tangible interaction for smartphone-based VR using visual markers. Smartphone-based VR represents a low barrier to entry given that many people nowadays own a smartphone device and that VR headsets for these devices are affordable and quick to set up when c…In this work, we describe an approach for tangible interaction for smartphone-based VR using visual markers. Smartphone-based VR represents a low barrier to entry given that many people nowadays own a smartphone device and that VR headsets for these devices are affordable and quick to set up when compared to desktop-based VR. Tangible interaction in smartphone-based VR has not been much explored, despite the fact that it can result in easy to use and engaging experiences. We explore a marker-based solution to object tracking that allows tangibles to be created in an easy and cheap way, maintaining the overall system accessible. We describe several types of interactions that can be created with visual markers and we present three prototypes of the
Tangible VR Book: a tangible with a book form-factor that we designed for architectural heritage exploration. We also present user feedback on their expectations regarding the interaction with the Tangible VR Book.
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Topology characterizing using packet forwarding distance dissimilarity in multi-greedy geographic routing
Appears in:
mca 22(20): e3

Authors:
G. Oladeji-Atanda, D. Mpoeleng

Published:
11th Jan 2022

Abstract:
Characterizing the topology of MANETs provides the means for packet routing protocols to perform adaptively and efficiently in the particular environments. We show that the geographic routing’s greedy packet forwarding distance dissimilarity distributions in relation to node size characterizes MA…Characterizing the topology of MANETs provides the means for packet routing protocols to perform adaptively and
efficiently in the particular environments. We show that the geographic routing’s greedy packet forwarding distance
dissimilarity distributions in relation to node size characterizes MANET topologies and supports efficient multi-greedy
forwarding. The models we described, based on the average greedy packet forwarding distance measures, showed distinct
distribution patterns of the dissimilarity indices when applied to the example multi-greedy routing environment consisting
of the ELLIPSOID and the GREEDY forwarding metrics. The scheme demonstrates the potential for adaptive forwarding
performance to improve successful packets delivery in environments of high node-size variations such as VANETs.
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Outage Performance of Underlay Multihop Cognitive Relay Networks with the use of the highest Power Beacon among Power Beacons
Appears in:
mca 22(20): e2

Author:
Nguyen Cong Danh

Published:
5th Nov 2021

Abstract:
This paper studies the outage performance of multihop cognitive relay networks with energy harvesting in underlay paradigms, wherein the secondary users are powered by a dedicated power beacon (PB) have the highest energy level among their power beacons and the interference constrain from the …This paper studies the outage performance of multihop cognitive relay networks with energy harvesting in underlay paradigms, wherein the secondary users are powered by a dedicated power beacon (PB) have the highest energy level among their power beacons and the interference constrain from the primary user. The author derived the exact outage probability for Rayleigh block fading and prove that the outage probability is monotonically decreasing with respect to the transmit power of PB. Furthermore, the author drew conclusions when the author compared the outage performance of the system in 3 cases: the system without using the beacon, the system using a power beacon, using a beacon with the highest energy level among power beacons. Simulation results validate the theoretical results.
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E-HMAC: An Efficient Secure Homomorphic MAC Scheme for NC-Enabled WSNs
Appears in:
mca 22(20): e1

Author:
Haythem Hayouni

Published:
29th Sep 2021

Abstract:
The main goal of Network Coding (NC) is to find an optimal transmission of data in a network. NC presents an advantage for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in term of network lifetime. However, the Network Coding-enabled WSNs are affected by various attacks, such as pollution attacks. Many HMAC sc…The main goal of Network Coding (NC) is to find an optimal transmission of data in a network. NC presents an advantage for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in term of network lifetime. However, the Network Coding-enabled WSNs are affected by
various attacks, such as pollution attacks. Many HMAC schemes have been proposed in the literature to secure packets against pollution attacks. In 2015, Esfahani et al. proposed a dual-homomorphic MAC scheme based to the construction of two different MACs to ensure the integrity of coded packets. Their solution has many weaknesses in terms of security against tag
pollution attacks. In this paper, we improve their scheme by proposing a novel HMAC scheme for NC enabled WSNs, called E-HMAC, based on multi-linear space to check the integrity of coded packets. The simulation results demonstrate the ability of our proposed scheme to secure the coded packets with a low key storage overhead and communication overhead, compared to Esfahani et al.’s scheme.
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Ubi-Interact: A modular approach to connecting systems
Appears in:
mca 21(19): e5

Authors:
Sandro Weber, Marian Ludwig, Gudrun Klinker

Published:
14th Jul 2021

Abstract:
Ubi-Interact is a framework for interactive applications combining individual systems and devices distributed over a network. Specification and implementation of such applications should be modular, extendable and reusable. Performance, re-usability of once established capabilities and easy integra…Ubi-Interact is a framework for interactive applications combining individual systems and devices distributed over a network. Specification and implementation of such applications should be modular, extendable and reusable. Performance, re-usability of once established capabilities and easy integration of devices are main objectives. It relies on extendable common data formats. Edge computing capabilities allow to analyze and transform this data. These computing modules can also manage an arbitrary number of devices with similar capabilities interchangeably. The framework is ready to be used. Nodes for CSharp, Javascript, C++ and Java exist and features are continuously expanded. Ubi-Interact lets users build real-time systems with modular components that can separate system behaviour from base API calls, leaving the user free to explore and maintain a combination of software and hardware each running in their native environment.
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Cooperative Spectrum Sensing using DQN in CRN
Appears in:
mca 21(19): e4

Authors:
M. Moneesh, T. Sai Tejaswi, T. Sai Yeshwanth, M. Sai Harshitha, G. Chakravarthy

Published:
14th Jul 2021

Abstract:
It is imperative to address the problem of spectrum under usage and inefficiency because of the increasing spectrum demand and slender spectrum resources. One of the salient functions of cognitive radio is spectrum sensing which is used to avoid the interference of the unlic…It is imperative to address the problem of spectrum under usage and inefficiency because of the increasing spectrum demand and slender spectrum resources. One of the salient functions of cognitive radio is spectrum sensing which is used to avoid the interference of the unlicensed secondary users with licensed primary users and spot the available spectrum for enhancing the spectrum usage. The frequency band that a secondary user can utilize without interfering with any licensed primary users are called spectrum holes. Cooperative sensing is a remedy to improve the sensing performance, in which secondary users (SUs) cooperate among themselves to sense the spectrum and find the spectrum holes. Here we propose a deep reinforcement learning based spectrum sensing to discover the spectrum holes. We implement a deep reinforcement learning based method called Deep Q-Network (DQN) to find the spectrum holes. The secondary users (SU) uses the DQN to find the vacant channels in the spectrum effectively. The secondary user (SU) senses the spectrum associated with a single primary user (PU). The spectrum is sensed and the spectrum holes are detected to satisfy the requirement of the secondary user (SU).
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Dynamic QoS Management for Interactive Multimedia in Integrated 4G/5G Networks
Appears in:
mca 21(19): e2

Authors:
Kirti Keshav, Ashish Kumar Pradhan, T Srinivas, Pallapa Venkataram

Published:
23rd Jun 2021

Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: Emerging interactive multimedia applications such as VR have some key requirements that communication medium must full fill in order to have a smooth interactive experience. These requirements include higher uplink and downlink throughput requirement, low latency, and consistent throu…INTRODUCTION: Emerging interactive multimedia applications such as VR have some key requirements that communication medium must full fill in order to have a smooth interactive experience. These requirements include higher uplink and downlink throughput requirement, low latency, and consistent throughput even at the cell edge. Present day 4G/5G Network faces a lack of resource availability for highly sophisticated applications like interactive multimedia. While 4G/5G networks do have a QoS mechanism to handle multiple varieties of traffic requirements, they are passive. At best, initial negotiated QoS are changed on a reactive basis.

OBJECTIVES: This work proposes a dynamic QoS management scheme so that the overall necessary resource allocation for interactive multimedia and non-interactive applications can occur.

METHODS: The scheme uses mobile agents which can efficiently predict possible disruption in QoS and helpboth server and users to adapt to changing network situation. This way user can be notified of an expected or estimated service quality change in advance, timely adaptation is possible. use this information to for efficient QoS negotiation and re-negotiation.

RESULTS: The developed scheme has been tested with different sizes of the 4G/5G networks with several virtual reality users along with other background loads of applications.

CONCLUSION: Results are quite encouraging and the system is practically implementable.
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DSRC Applicability in Cameroon Road Traffic: A Simulation Study
Appears in:
mca 21(19): e1

Authors:
M. Zongo, J.M. Nlong II, R. Ndoundam, A. Foerster

Published:
11th Jun 2021

Abstract:
The IEEE 802.11p standard has been amended in the 5.9GHz band in 2010 to provide road safety by enabling vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. V2V communications evolve the exchange of Wave Short Messages (WSM) between vehicles for safety advertisement, either…The IEEE 802.11p standard has been amended in the 5.9GHz band in 2010 to provide road safety by enabling vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. V2V communications evolve the exchange of Wave Short Messages (WSM) between vehicles for safety advertisement, either in one hop or multi-hop broadcasts. However, previous DSRC evaluations have shown that this protocol is highly sensitive to transmission conditions, making it difficult to predict its performance. We are interested in finding the best configuration parameters for safety messages broadcasting over DSRC in typical African urban environments. Extensive simulations through the widely used network simulator OMNeT++, Veins, and SUMO show that only a very small fraction (around 30%) of the WSM reach the neighboring vehicles on time. Furthermore, the rebroadcasting of WSM further deteriorates the performances. Thus, the protocol as it is needs to be improved for its application in our environment.
more »
Multi-greedy geographic packets forwarding using flow-based indicators
Appears in:
mca 21(18): e5

Authors:
G. Oladeji-Atanda, D. Mpoeleng, F. J. Ogwu

Published:
13th May 2021

Abstract:
The MANET packet routing method of geographic greedy forwarding involves the selection of distance reducing intermediate relays towards a destination. The efficacy of the greedy methods differs and varies; nevertheless, the algorithms are similar and process the same data at a forwar…The MANET packet routing method of geographic greedy forwarding involves the selection of distance reducing intermediate relays towards a destination. The efficacy of the greedy methods differs and varies; nevertheless, the algorithms are similar and process the same data at a forwarding node. Their commonalities potentially allow the online assignment of different methods for more efficient progress forwarding in heterogeneous MANET environments. We define a multimethod multi-greedypacket forwarding approach in this paper. Using the IPFIX packet flow measures, we demonstrate the multi-greedy scheme for the performance of repetitive packet routing tasks that permit exploration-exploitation application. The flows report reveal the optimal efficiency of each base greedy method in each flow which aggregates to the multi-greedy design. In comparison to the base methods, the case multi-greedy methods show considerable performance improvement in PDR, hop-count, and delay measures.
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Introducing a Distance Vector Routing Protocol for ns-3 Simulator
Appears in:
mca 16(8): e4

Authors:
Janaka Wijekoon, Rajitha Tennekoon, Erwin Harahap, Hiroaki Nishi

Downloads:
3079

Abstract:
In network research, network simulators have been shown to be useful for testing and changing network protocols by means of a controlled manner. As an Internet systems simulator, ns-3 simulator provides an ideal simulation environment for network research. However, ns-3 is lack of table-driven IPv4…In network research, network simulators have been shown to be useful for testing and changing network protocols by means of a controlled manner. As an Internet systems simulator, ns-3 simulator provides an ideal simulation environment for network research. However, ns-3 is lack of table-driven IPv4 routing modules. Despite the fact that a routing protocol is a mandatory component of a network, it is necessary to introduce a table-driven routing protocol for the ns-3 which is able to maintain the network connectivity and consistency. To this end, we introduce a distance vector IPv4 wired routing protocol for the ns-3 simulator (DVRP). The proposing protocol is developed as a table-driven wired routing protocol. In this study, we describe the proposing routing protocol, including its design, implementation, behavior on networks, and limitations.
more »
GNSSim: An Open Source GNSS/GPS Framework for Unmanned Aerial Vehicular Network Simulation
Appears in:
mca 15(6): e2

Authors:
Farha Jahan, Ahmad Y. Javaid, Weiqing Sun, Mansoor Alam

Downloads:
2565

Abstract:
Unmanned systems are of great importance in accomplishing tasks where human lives are at risk. These systems are being deployed in tasks that are time-consuming, expensive or inconclusive if accomplished by human intervention. Design, development and testing of such vehicles using actual hardware c…Unmanned systems are of great importance in accomplishing tasks where human lives are at risk. These systems are being deployed in tasks that are time-consuming, expensive or inconclusive if accomplished by human intervention. Design, development and testing of such vehicles using actual hardware could
be quite costly and dangerous. Another issue is the limited outdoor usage permitted by Federal Aviation Administration regulations, which makes outdoor testing difficult. An optimal solution to this problem is to have a simulation environment where different operational scenarios, newly developed models, etc., can
be studied. In this paper, we propose GNSSim, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) simulation framework. We demonstrate its effectiveness by integrating it with UAVSim. This allows users to experiment easily by adjusting different satellite as well as UAV parameters. Related tests and evidence of the correctness
of the implementation are presented.
more »
Route-Over Forwarding Techniques in a 6LoWPAN
Appears in:
mca 14(5): e5

Authors:
Andreas Weigel, Martin Ringwelski, Volker Turau, Andreas Timm-Giel

Downloads:
1893

Abstract:
6LoWPAN plays a major role within the protocol stack for the future Internet of Things. Its fragmentation mechanism enables transport of IPv6 datagrams with the required minimum MTU of 1280 bytes over 802.15.4-based networks. With the goal of a fully standardized WSN protocol stack currently nece…6LoWPAN plays a major role within the protocol stack for the future Internet of Things. Its fragmentation
mechanism enables transport of IPv6 datagrams with the required minimum MTU of 1280 bytes over
802.15.4-based networks. With the goal of a fully standardized WSN protocol stack currently necessitating a route-over approach, i.e., routing at the IP-layer, there are two main choices for any 6LoWPAN implementation with regard to datagram fragmentation: Hop-by-hop assembly or a cross-layered direct mode, which forwards individual 6LoWPAN fragments before the whole datagram has arrived. In addition to these two straightforward approaches, we propose enhancements based on adaptive rate-restriction for the direct forwarding and a retry control for both modes to reduce the number of losses of larger datagrams. An evaluation of these modes in a simulation environment and a hardware testbed indicate that the proposed enhancements can considerably improve PRR and latency within 6LoWPAN networks.
more »
Implementation of Cognitive Radio Network Testbed for Multimedia Communications
Appears in:
mca 18(15): e2

Authors:
Patrick DaSilva, Anuja Ghising, Siddharth Patil, Honggang Wang

Downloads:
1675

Abstract:
A cognitive radio is a form of wireless communication in which a transceiver can intelligently detect which communication channels are in use and which are not, and instantly move into vacant channels while avoiding occupied ones. This intelligently avoids interference amongst users and provides th…A cognitive radio is a form of wireless communication in which a transceiver can intelligently detect which communication channels are in use and which are not, and instantly move into vacant channels while avoiding occupied ones. This intelligently avoids interference amongst users and provides the ability to use up all available bandwidth on the RF spectrum. There are many ways in which the communication can be demonstrated. This paper examines how we have implemented a cognitive radio network testbed using software defined radios (SDRs) for multimedia communications, where components that have been traditionally implemented in hardware are instead implemented by means of software on a personal computer or embedded system to communicate and transfer a file between each other. We attempt to demonstrate potential use of SDRs for future multimedia applications.
more »
Simulating LTE Mobility Management in presence of coverage holes with ns-3
Appears in:
mca 16(8): e2

Authors:
Zoraze Ali, Nicola Baldo, Josep Mangues-Bafalluy, Lorenza Giupponi

Downloads:
1581

Abstract:
In this paper, we present our approach to simulate mobility management scenarios for LTE heterogeneous network deployments defined by challenging radio propagation scenarios, such as the presence of coverage holes. We focus on the LTE module of ns-3, which is also known as LENA. Our contribution i…In this paper, we present our approach to simulate mobility management scenarios for LTE heterogeneous network deployments defined by challenging radio propagation scenarios, such as the presence of coverage holes. We focus
on the LTE module of ns-3, which is also known as LENA. Our contribution is twofold. On one hand, we propose a set of new features for the LTE module, including a new model for simulating obstacles blocking the propagation of radio signals, and a handover model suitable for the offline
evaluation of mobility management solutions. On the other hand, we describe in detail the setup of the simulation scenario, highlighting the challenges that we faced during the implementation and discussing the chosen configuration parameters. Finally, we present some simulation results that
we obtained with the proposed approach.
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Automated control signal reception acknowledgement system using nRF24L01P wireless transceiver module and Arduino
Appears in:
mca 19(16): e3

Author:
Mobasshir Mahbub

Downloads:
1569

Abstract:
In this era of modern technology wireless control system is a most used method to control electrical or electronic devices and/or monitoring from a distant part. It is very easier and cost effective to implement a wireless system. Because there are barriers in implementing wired system. That is w…In this era of modern technology wireless control system is a most used method to control electrical or electronic
devices and/or monitoring from a distant part. It is very easier and cost effective to implement a wireless system.
Because there are barriers in implementing wired system. That is why wireless system is much effective than wired.
But the wireless system has also some problems or deficits. One of them is signal loss during the transmission due to
various causes like surrounding environmental reason and others. If transmitted signal is lost the receiver will remain
completely blind as it is not receiving the signal. Another one can be the receiver is unable to receive signal due to the
technical fault of receiver end whether the transmitted signal is stable. That is why an acknowledgement system is
necessary to determine whether the receiver is receiving the transmitted signal or not. The developed system is an
effective and low cost system with nRF24L01P transceiver module and Arduino Uno to determine that the receiver is
working accordingly or not or is there any technical fault.
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Optimal ZF Precoder for MU massive MIMO Systems over Ricean Channel with per Antenna Power Allocation
Appears in:
mca 18(15): e3

Authors:
James Kweku Nkrumah Nyarko, Christian Ango Mbom

Downloads:
1460

Abstract:
Multiuser massive multiple-input multiple-output systems have the potential to increase the data rate. However, with a large base station (BS) antenna, the non-square channel matrix restricts the zero-forcing (ZF) precoder rotations to obtain the best optimal solution with the per-antenna power all…Multiuser massive multiple-input multiple-output systems have the potential to increase the data rate. However, with a large base station (BS) antenna, the non-square channel matrix restricts the zero-forcing (ZF) precoder rotations to obtain the best optimal solution with the per-antenna power allocation. In this paper, we propose the beamforming and lattice reduction (LR) approach to restrain the channel matrix and transform the lattice of the channel vectors to be near orthogonal. Numerical results show that the LR-based ZF precoder outperforms other ZF precoder schemes, such as, the norm approximation of the beamforming matrix. In particular, the sum rate of the proposed optimal ZF precoder requires a small number of BS antenna. Subsequently, with the strong line of sight (LoS) channel, the optimal power allocations in the subchannels depend on the dominance of the users in order to achieve substantial multiplexing and diversity gains. Speciﬁcally, the Ricean channel gain with the water-ﬁlling allocation at high SNR is non-negligible.
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Towards autonomous vehicular clouds
Appears in:
mca 11(1): e2

Authors:
Stephan Olariu, Mohamed Eltoweissy, Mohamed Younis

Downloads:
1282

Abstract:
The dawn of the 21st century has seen a growing interest in vehicular networking and its myriad potential applications. The initial view of practitioners and researchers was that radio-equipped vehicles could keep the drivers informed about potential safety risks and increase their awareness of roa…The dawn of the 21st century has seen a growing interest in vehicular networking and its myriad potential applications. The initial view of practitioners and researchers was that radio-equipped vehicles could keep the drivers informed about potential safety risks and increase their awareness of road conditions. The view then expanded to include access to the Internet and associated services. This position paper proposes and promotes a novel and more comprehensive vision namely, that advances in vehicular networks, embedded devices and cloud computing will enable the formation of autonomous clouds of vehicular computing, communication, sensing, power and physical resources. Hence, we coin the term, autonomous vehicular clouds (AVCs). A key feature distinguishing AVCs from conventional cloud computing is that mobile AVC resources can be pooled dynamically to serve authorized users and to enable autonomy in real-time service sharing and management on terrestrial, aerial, or aquatic pathways or theaters of operations. In addition to general-purpose AVCs, we also envision the emergence of specialized AVCs such as mobile analytics laboratories. Furthermore, we envision that the integration of AVCs with ubiquitous smart infrastructures including intelligent transportation systems, smart cities and smart electric power grids will have an enormous societal impact enabling ubiquitous utility cyber-physical services at the right place, right time and with right-sized resources.
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Hybrid Satellite - Wireless Sensor Networks Architecture for Telemedicine Applications in the Context of Emergency Satellite Communications in Ku/Ka/Q/V Bands
Appears in:
mca 14(5): e1

Authors:
Rahim Kacimi, Ponia Pech

Downloads:
1260

Abstract:
Thanks to the facilities offered by telecommunications, telemedicine today allows physicians and clinicians to access, monitor and diagnose patients remotely. Telemedicine includes several applications such as remote monitoring of chronically ill patients, monitoring people in their everyday lives …Thanks to the facilities offered by telecommunications, telemedicine today allows physicians and clinicians to access, monitor and diagnose patients remotely. Telemedicine includes several applications such as remote monitoring of chronically ill patients, monitoring people in their everyday lives to provide early detection and intervention for various types of diseases, computer-assisted physical rehabilitation in ambulatory settings, and assisted living for the elderly at home, as well as remote monitoring of injured people in a post-disaster situation. These new applications require a reliable, wireless communication link between the devices implanted in the patient’s skin and a clinician. In this article, this issue is discussed and a list of performance criteria for the different communication links used are addressed, especially focusing on the satellite link. Then an adaptive air interface which is designed to meet the performance constraints of bidirectional satellite communication links in an emergency situation in Ku/Ka/Q/V bands where when strong channel impairments occur is described and analysed.
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A Privacy-Preserving NFC Mobile Pass for Transport Systems
Appears in:
mca 14(5): e4

Authors:
Ghada Arfaoui, Guillaume Dabosville, Sébastien Gambs, Patrick Lacharme, Jean-François Lalande

Downloads:
1258

Abstract:
The emergence of the NFC (Near Field Communication) technology brings new capacities to the next generation of smartphones, but also new security and privacy challenges. Indeed through its contactless interactions with external entities, the smartphone of an individual will become an essential auth…The emergence of the NFC (Near Field Communication) technology brings new capacities to the next generation of smartphones, but also new security and privacy challenges. Indeed through its contactless interactions with external entities, the smartphone of an individual will become an essential authentication tool for service providers such as transport operators. However, from the point of view of the user, carrying a part of the service through his smartphone could be a threat for his privacy. Indeed, an external attacker or the service provider himself could be tempted to track the actions of the user. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving contactless mobile service, in which a user’s identity cannot be linked to his actions when using the transport system. The security of our proposition relies on the combination of a secure element in
the smartphone and on a privacy-enhancing cryptographic protocol based on a variant of group signatures. In addition, although a user should remain anonymous and his actions unlinkable in his daily journeys, we designed a technique for lifting his anonymity in extreme circumstances. In order to guarantee the usability of our solution, we implemented a prototype demonstrating that our solution meets the major functional requirements for real transport systems: namely that the mobile pass can be validated at a gate in less than 300 ms, and this even if the battery of the smartphone is exhausted.
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Publisher: EAI
ISSN: 2032-9504
Number of Volumes: 6

Last Published: 2022-05-02

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Mobile Communications and Applications

Lin Yun1

Vanlin Sathya2

Vincent A. Cicirello3

Arianna D'Ulizia4

Lin Yun¹

Vanlin Sathya²

Vincent A. Cicirello³

Arianna D'Ulizia⁴