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EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web

Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ghazanfar Safdar and Iosif Breido

With ICT pervading everyday objects and infrastructures, the ‘Future Internet’ is envisioned to undergo a radical transformation from how we know it today (a mere communication highway) into a vast hybrid network seamlessly integrating knowledge, people and machines into techno-social ecosystems whose behaviour transcends the boundaries of today’s engineering science. As the internet of things continues to grow, billions and trillions of data bytes need to be moved, stored and shared. The energy thus consumed and the climate impact of data centers are increasing dramatically, thereby becoming significant contributors to global warming and climate change. As reported recently, the combined electricity consumption of the world’s data centers has already exceeded that of some of the world's top ten economies. In the ensuing process of integrating traditional and renewable energy, monitoring and managing various energy sources, and processing and transferring technological information through various channels, IT will undoubtedly play an ever-increasing and central role. Several technologies are currently racing to production to meet this challenge, from ‘smart dust’ to hybrid networks capable of controlling the emergence of dependable and reliable green and energy-efficient ecosystems – which we generically term the ‘energy web’ – calling for major paradigm shifts highly disruptive of the ways the energy sector functions today.

The EAI Transactions on Energy Web are positioned at the forefront of these efforts and provide a forum for the most forward-looking, state-of-the-art research bringing together the cross section of IT and Energy communities. The journal will publish original works reporting on prominent advances that challenge traditional thinking.

  • Mikhail Medvedev (Southern Federal University, Russia)
  • Vladimir Dyo (University of Bedfordshire, UK)
  • Andrey Mazalov (South Federal University, Russia)
  • Elena Gebel (Omsk State Technical University, Russia)
  • Irina Semykina (T. F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, Russia)
  • Vyacheslav Potekhin (Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russia)
  • Sabu Thampi (Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management-Kerala (IIITM-K), India)
  • Baozhi Chen (Rutgers University, USA)
  • Manik Sharma (DAV University, India)
  • Amando P. Singun JR. (University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Muscat, Oman)
  • Irina Semykina (Sevastopol State University, Russia)
  • Chi-Hua Chen (Fuzhou University, China)
  • Vitor Monteiro (University of Minho, Portugal)
  • Joao L. Afonso (University of Minho, Portugal)
  • Abdul Shabeer (IBM India Pvt Ltd, Chennai, India)
  • Anandakumar H (Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, India)
  • Marta Chinnici (ENEA, Italy)
  • Howard NJOKU (University of Nigeria, Nigeria)
  • José Gabriel Oliveira Pinto (University of Minho, Portugal)
  • P Krishna (VIT University, India)
  • Jacinth Poornima (Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, India)
  • Karthikumar S (Anna University)
  • Duckki Lee (Yonam Institute of Technology, South Korea)
  • A. Hnatov (Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Ukraine)
  • Ya Yrgun (Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, Ukraine)

Ghazanfar Safdar1

Ghazanfar A. Safdar received his B.Sc Hons. in Electrical Engineering from University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan, and his M.Eng in Computer Science and Telecommunications from ENSIMAG, INPG, France. He was awarded a PhD from Queen’s University Belfast, UK, in 2005 for his work in the area of power-saving MAC protocols for the IEEE 802.11 family of wireless LANs. Moreover, he has worked as Research Fellow at Queen’s University Belfast on a project related to Wireless Networks security funded by EPSRC grant EP/C006976/1. Currently, he is working as Senior Lecturer in Computer Networking at the University of Bedfordshire, UK. His research interests mainly include cognitive radio networks, energy saving MAC protocols, security protocols for wireless networks, LTE networks, interference mitigation, device-to-device communications, network modelling and performance analysis. He has also worked as R&D Engineer with Carrier Telephone Industries (SIEMENS), Pakistan, and Schlumberger, France.

Iosif Breido2

Iosif Breido received the engineering degree from the Leningrad Electrotechnical Institute (USSR) in 1971. He served as a navy officer in the Pacific fleet. He worked in the Karaganda Department of the Institute of mining. In 1983 he received the academic degree of candidate of technical sciences for his work in the field of controlled electric drive of conveyors in coal mines. In 1996 he received the degree of doctor of technical Sciences, at the Ural mining and geological Academy (Yekaterinburg, Russia) for research in the field of dynamics of controlled multi-motor electric drives of mining machines, interconnected through the working body. He participated in the creation and modernization of thyristor electric drives of conveyors, coal combines, aggregates of metallurgical production. In recent years, he directs the establishment of systems for protection and diagnostics of electrical equipment and high-voltage transmission lines, including systems remote Internet monitoring with the use of different telemetry channels in the conditions of strong interference from induced electromagnetic fields.


1: University of Bedfordshire, UK
2: Karaganda State Technical University

  • Energy efficient data aggregation and improved prediction in cooperative surveillance system through Machine Learning and Particle Swarm based Optimization

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e40

    Authors:
    Neethu Maria John, Neena Joseph, Nimmymol Manuel, Sruthy Emmanuel, Simy Mary Kurian

    Published:
    3rd Jun 2021

    Abstract:
    The present pandemic demands touchless and autonomous, intelligent surveillance system to reduce human involvement. Heterogeneous types of sensors are used to improve the effectiveness of this surveillance system and a cooperative approach of such sensors will make the syste…The present pandemic demands touchless and autonomous, intelligent surveillance system to reduce human involvement. Heterogeneous types of sensors are used to improve the effectiveness of this surveillance system and a cooperative approach of such sensors will make the system further efficient due to variation in users such as corporate office, universities, manufacturing industries etc. The application of effective data aggregation technique on sensors is essential as the energy utilization of the system degrades the lifetime, coverage and computational overhead. The application of bio-inspired optimization technique like Particle Swarm Optimization for scheduling leads to improved performance of the system as the nature of the system is heterogeneous and requirement is multi-objective. Similarly the application of Support vector Machine as a classification and prediction algorithm on the huge data collected periodically makes the system further autonomous and intelligent.
     more »

  • Early Size and Effort Estimation of Mobile Application Development

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e39

    Authors:
    Ziema Mushtaq, Sami Alshmrany, Fahad Alturise, Tamim Alkhalifah

    Published:
    31st May 2021

    Abstract:
    With the increased complexity in mobile applications, many challenges and issues emerged for the software project management team to develop mobile application effectively and accurately. Effort estimation is one of the most critical issues the Software management pr…With the increased complexity in mobile applications, many challenges and issues emerged for the software project management team to develop mobile application effectively and accurately. Effort estimation is one of the most critical issues the Software management project team faces in general, and the mobile application development team in specific. Effort estimation helps to approximate the cost required for successful software application development. The mobile application is distinct in various aspects from the traditional software and web-based applications. There is a need for a specific methodology to be followed for accurate estimation of size and efforts. This research aims to review the effectiveness of COSMIC and Machine Learning techniques in performing mobile effort estimation and propose a hybrid approach for efficient mobile effort estimation. This research work's mains represent the methodology followed to achieve the input parameters and mobile applications' efforts using a tailor-made approach. The significance of this research work is to propose a framework that will help both researchers and mobile application estimators approximate the efficient efforts precisely.
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  • Sparrow Search Algorithm-based Resource Management in Internet of Things (IoT)

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e38

    Authors:
    S. Karthick, N. Gomathi

    Published:
    13th May 2021

    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: The principle of Internet of Things (IoT) completely concentrates on integrating heterogeneous entities for establishing seamless cooperation among virtual and physical entities. IoT has facilitated a paradigm shift of the Internet from collaborating networks to physical …INTRODUCTION: The principle of Internet of Things (IoT) completely concentrates on integrating heterogeneous entities for establishing seamless cooperation among virtual and physical entities. IoT has facilitated a paradigm shift of the Internet from collaborating networks to physical world interaction. The IoT devices are potent in sensing, processing, communicating and data storing that are derived from the physical world. The majority of the IoT applications are considered to be pervasive in characteristics and face huge challenges due to unattended IoT devices and constrained resources.

    OBJECTIVES: The proposed Sparrow Search Algorithm-based Resource Management (SSARM) targets on the potential assignment of resources to gateways in an IoT environment with better establishment in maintaining the tradeoff between intensification and diversification. It concentrates on the reduction of total data transmission cost in the IoT environment.

    METHODS: In this paper, Sparrow Search Algorithm-based Resource Management (SSARM) is proposed based on the inspired by the foraging, group wisdom and anti-predation characteristics of sparrow for potential assignment of multiple resources to gateways in IoT. This SSARM balances the degree of exploitation and exploration in the optimization search space to an acceptable level.

    RESULTS: The simulation results of this proposed SSARM confirmed better throughput of 23.82%, reduced delay of 18.21% and minimized energy consumption of 20.28% when compared to the existing schemes.

    CONCLUSION: This SSARM offers better accuracy in stability, convergence rate, precision in searching and preventing the value of local point of optimality.
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  • Framework for Tree Crown Delineation from Panchromatic Images

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e37

    Authors:
    Yuva Krishna Aluri, Naveen V S S Kanuri, Marlapalli Krishna, Rambabu Busi, S Mohanbabu Chowdary, Bandlamudi S B P Rani

    Published:
    29th Apr 2021

    Abstract:
    In this paper we developed a Framework for Delineation of Trees to discover the tree of urban areas. Individual tree crown extraction is important for urban forest inventory. Earlier some research studies were done which primarily deal with particular tree crown or tree specie…In this paper we developed a Framework for Delineation of Trees to discover the tree of urban areas. Individual tree crown extraction is important for urban forest inventory. Earlier some research studies were done which primarily deal with particular tree crown or tree species detection. These methods not found the solution for distinguishing trees from their shadows. In our framework we used methods which extract texture-based features from panchromatic images. In the proposed methodology first the input image will undergo with pre-processing where unnecessary distortions like shadows and dark spots etc. were suppressed and then image quality is used by applying enhancement techniques. Output image is segmented to detect boundaries and objects from the image. Finally a framework is developed for delineation of trees. The proposed framework process with shadows of trees and identify the tree effectively from a satellite image.
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  • Review of Medical Cyber Physical System based Infusion Pump-perception on control strategy

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e36

    Authors:
    J.V. Alamelu, A. Mythili

    Published:
    29th Apr 2021

    Abstract:
    The revolutionary change in recent technologies has dominated the Medical field. Huge medical devices are deployed in hospitals and in-home environment. The innovations of smart medical devices are prominent which can be used in the fully automated and semi- automated environment. For several …The revolutionary change in recent technologies has dominated the Medical field. Huge medical devices are deployed in hospitals and in-home environment. The innovations of smart medical devices are prominent which can be used in the fully automated and semi- automated environment. For several decades, numerous medical devices are designed and utilized effectively. These devices are designed for the past few years, manufactured in micro and nanotechnologies with smart sensing techniques. Such devices are network-enabled and integrated into the cyber world in physical means, leading to a medical cyber physical system. The design, working, and optimal control of smart medical devices are essential. In this paper, the emphasis on the review of infusion pump control mechanism with essential parameters such as drug delivery, flow rate, pump control has been considered.
     more »

  • The Impact of the Blockchain on Academic Certificate Verification System-Review

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e35

    Authors:
    Kumutha K, S. Jayalakshmi

    Published:
    29th Apr 2021

    Abstract:
    Blockchain innovation (BT) guarantees benefits in believe capacity, collaboration, organization, identifying proof, validity, and transparency. These solid suggestions for the long run of how to verify the authenticity of academic certificates because a paper-based …Blockchain innovation (BT) guarantees benefits in believe capacity, collaboration, organization, identifying proof, validity, and transparency. These solid suggestions for the long run of how to verify the authenticity of academic certificates because a paper-based certification is fallible to manipulation and susceptible to fraud. This literature review started by collecting a test of basically peer-reviewed sources, as well as an enlightening outline of articles from different other channels to analyse about approximately later approaches, techniques and later patterns on instruction which is being utilized in blockchain innovation on document verification from different sector such as banking , medical records and education system etc. This paper proposes a digital certificate verification blockchain based system employing anowner authentication scheme and time, space of the students are stored as blocks using blockchain technology. A distributed public record with tamper proof and immutable that preserves the state of the document, which creates security in the digital asset. This clearly stated that this technology is required to keep digital assets in secure and any one can access without loss of data and maintained it with minimum cost.
     more »

  • Experimental analysis of intelligent vehicle monitoring system using Internet of Things (IoT)

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e34

    Authors:
    T. Thamaraimanalan, M. Mohankumar, S. Dhanasekaran, H. Anandakumar

    Published:
    16th Apr 2021

    Abstract:
    Internet of things is an emerging trend and Wireless sensor networks are embedded with IoT to measure various parameters of a vehicle. Measurements and standards of measurements are the most important stages for measuring an object’s size, length, weight etc., Measuring the weight of small objects …Internet of things is an emerging trend and Wireless sensor networks are embedded with IoT to measure various parameters of a vehicle. Measurements and standards of measurements are the most important stages for measuring an object’s size, length, weight etc., Measuring the weight of small objects does not need much time and efforts, but on the other hand weighing large objects needs lots of time and efforts. A new approach is proposed to monitor the location of the vehicle, engine temperature, tyre pressure, oil level, speed control and load measurement of a vehicle. Even if the device is offline, the logs will be stored in the memory card and it can be used for future analysis. In addition to this theft control is introduced for the security of the vehicle. CC3200 microcontroller is connected with load cell to monitor the total weight of the vehicle and engine temperature is monitored using the temperature sensor. By GPS the location and speed of the vehicle is monitored periodically and the location is uploaded in the cloud environment. Vehicle monitoring with load calculation, anti-theft control and the data acquisition from various sensors incorporated with the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) is collected and processed in the cloud. The proposed framework is effectively adaptable at low cost.
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  • Security Enhancement in Power System Using FACTS Devices and Atom Search Optimization Algorithm

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e33

    Authors:
    A Amarendra, L Ravi Srinivas, R Srinivasa Rao

    Published:
    16th Apr 2021

    Abstract:
    In power systems, control, system operations are an important and difficult task by enhancing the power systems' security. An enhancement of the security system is done by the optimal location selection of the Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices, for …In power systems, control, system operations are an important and difficult task by enhancing the power systems' security. An enhancement of the security system is done by the optimal location selection of the Flexible Alternating Current Transmission System (FACTS) devices, for instance, Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC), Interlink Power Flow Controller (IPFC), and Static VAR Compensator (SVC). Therefore, the Atom Search Algorithm (ASO) is utilized to compute the precise optimal placement of the FACTS device. FACTS devices must be in the correct location on the power system to improve system safety. The performances are evaluated by severity index, Line Overload Sensitivity Index (LOSI), voltage, voltage deviation ̧, power loss, fitness function, and the fuel cost with the IEEE 30, IEEE 118, and IEEE 300 bus system. To validate the proposed methodology, it is contrasted with the conventional techniques like Dragonfly Algorithm (DA), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Jaya, Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), Grey Wolf Algorithm (GWA), and the Jaya Flower Pollination (JA-FPA) systems.
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  • Energy Efficient Cognitive Radio Spectrum Sensing for 5G Networks – A Survey

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e32

    Authors:
    Suriya Murugan, M. G. Sumithra

    Published:
    29th Mar 2021

    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: Recently, the role of Artificial Intelligence plays a major role in the communication sector. As the revolution of spectrum and its standards is progressing towards 5G networks and beyond, there is a rapid innovation in design of 5G compatible gadgets in order to incorporate evolving …INTRODUCTION: Recently, the role of Artificial Intelligence plays a major role in the communication sector. As the revolution of spectrum and its standards is progressing towards 5G networks and beyond, there is a rapid innovation in design of 5G compatible gadgets in order to incorporate evolving wireless spectrum standards. Cognitive radio is an intelligent technology that can efficiently handle the radio spectrum usage.

    OBJECTIVES: Researchers have been working since its inception to use this revolutionary technology in the management of the radio spectrum for both terrestrial and satellite communication. For 5G networks, research works focus on enabling efficient utilization of its features like extreme broadband, ultra-low latency communication, and ultra reliable connectivity for connected devices.

    CONCLUSION: In this paper, energy efficient spectrum sensing schemes and challenges of 5G networks are explored and this review will assist any researcher/service provider/mobile communication sector to quickly select and apply relevant energy efficient spectrum sensing techniques using dynamic intelligent cognitive radio technology to incorporate either Co-operative, Non-Cooperative or Interference based techniques based on their application to show how conventional energy efficient spectrum sensing techniques used in cognitive radio networks can be efficiently applied to 5G terrestrial applications.
     more »

  • Overview and impact of the renewable energy plants connected to the electrical network in southwest Algeria

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e31

    Authors:
    Asma Chabani, Salim Makhloufi, Salah Lachtar

    Published:
    29th Mar 2021

    Abstract:
    Many countries have initiated strategies to produce energy from alternative sources, reduce the economic dependence on conventional sources, and limit dioxide carbon emissions. Algeria is one of the countries producing conventional energy sources (petrol and gas), the growing of fossils energy co…Many countries have initiated strategies to produce energy from alternative sources, reduce the economic dependence on conventional sources, and limit dioxide carbon emissions. Algeria is one of the countries producing conventional energy sources (petrol and gas), the growing of fossils energy consumption in Algeria reduces its oil product exports. This paper focuses on a comprehensive view of the global electrical energy situation and exactly the renewable energy sector in Algeria with specific details of the electrical network named Pole InSalih-Adrar-Timimoun (PIAT). Also, three renewable energy centers were revised completely technically, Also, an investigation of the Algerian renewable energy plan in horizons 2030 was attained in this paper.
     more »

  • Methodology of Presenting the Results of Scientific Research

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e30

    Authors:
    V. Migal, Shch. Arhun, A. Hnatov, M. Shuliak, S. Ponikarovska

    Published:
    29th Mar 2021

    Abstract:
    The long-term experience that the authors of this article have had as dissertation supervisors, opponents and members of scientific councils has shown that applicants writing dissertations face a serious problem concerning correct presentation of the results. For this reason, the quality …The long-term experience that the authors of this article have had as dissertation supervisors, opponents and members of scientific councils has shown that applicants writing dissertations face a serious problem concerning correct presentation of the results. For this reason, the quality of dissertations decreases significantly whatever high the level of the researchand developments. This work is devoted to solving the indicated problem. The article specifies general requirements to the delivery of the problem and presentation of the research results in dissertations. The methodical recommendations concerning the goal, novelty and conclusions of the dissertation are formalized. The keywords, typical phrases and clarifying words are given to formulate these provisions. The stages of scientific research are indicated. This work will be advantageous not only for working on the dissertation, but also for preparing research reports or writing scientific articles.
     more »

  • Applying Artificial Intelligence in Forecasting the Output of Industrial Solar Power Plant in Vietnam

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e29

    Authors:
    Ninh Nguyen Quang, Linh Bui Duy, Binh Doan Van, Quang Nguyen Dinh

    Published:
    29th Mar 2021

    Abstract:
    This paper uses recurrent neural network (Long Short – Term Memory - LSTM network) to build a model to forecast short-term generation capacity of Phong Dien solar power plant, (48 MWp – 35 MWAC) located in Thua Thien Hue Province, Viet Nam, with input fa…This paper uses recurrent neural network (Long Short – Term Memory - LSTM network) to build a model to forecast short-term generation capacity of Phong Dien solar power plant, (48 MWp – 35 MWAC) located in Thua Thien Hue Province, Viet Nam, with input factors including meteorological parameters. The authors conducted experiments to find the optimal structure of the model corresponding to the conditions of the plant and the data collection. Through this model, meteorological forecast data sets from commercial suppliers were used to forecast the plant's output power. The comments about the result as well as the further study direction are analysed and suggested.
     more »

  • Evaluation of Static Synchronous Compensator and Rail Power Conditioner in Electrified Railway Systems Using V/V and Scott Power Transformers

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e28

    Authors:
    Luis A. M. Barros, Mohamed Tanta, Antonio P. Martins, Joao L. Afonso, J. G. Pinto

    Published:
    29th Mar 2021

    Abstract:
    In this paper a comprehensive review of electrified railway systems is carried out, identifying the electric power quality deterioration which may appear due to nonlinear dynamic traction loads. Following this topic, a computational simulation of Static Synchronous Compensator …In this paper a comprehensive review of electrified railway systems is carried out, identifying the electric power quality deterioration which may appear due to nonlinear dynamic traction loads. Following this topic, a computational simulation of Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) and Rail Power Conditioner (RPC) are presented, making a comprehensive analysis of each of these solutions regarding the power quality improvement in electrified railway systems. Four case studies are presented: (i) STATCOM evaluation when a traction power system is fed by a V/V power transformer; (ii) STATCOM evaluation when a traction power system is fed by a Scott power transformer; (iii) RPC evaluation when atraction power system is fed by a V/V power transformer; (iv) RPC evaluation when a traction power system is fed by aScott power transformer.
     more »

  • Collision Mitigation algorithm for tracking of RFID based assets in Defence

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e27

    Authors:
    C. Hema, Sharmila Sankar

    Published:
    9th Mar 2021

    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: Asset tracking plays a crucial role in Military warehouses, deploying RFID system will be beneficial. When an RFID reader scans multiple tags in the Military warehouse, the missing tags and redundant tag problem occurs due to the signal interferences. To overcome these issues of missi…INTRODUCTION: Asset tracking plays a crucial role in Military warehouses, deploying RFID system will be beneficial. When an RFID reader scans multiple tags in the Military warehouse, the missing tags and redundant tag problem occurs due to the signal interferences. To overcome these issues of missing tags and redundant tags, we proposed Cuckoo Search-based Clustering Protocol (CSCP) followed by linear classifier algorithm.

    OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this paper is reducing the collision problems in military warehouse.

    METHODS: In this paper, we propose Cuckoo Search-based Clustering Protocol (CSCP), where cluster heads deleteduplicate data and sends processed data to the base station, Later the TDMA-based graph colouring technique is implemented to prevent reader collision issues in the RFID network. The Linear Classifier algorithm first separates similar data for classification, which in turn reduces the collision occurrence of missing tags and redundant tags.

    CONCLUSION: In the RFID deployed military warehouse, cluster head readers are selected, and clusters are created. Readers are scheduled to read information from tags in the cluster using the TDMA-based graph coloring algorithm. The linear classifier algorithm classifies the weapon’s data and filters the redundant weapon’s data in RFID deployed military environment.
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  • Unsupervised Approach for Email Spam Filtering using Data Mining

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e26

    Authors:
    Mehdi Ebady Manaa, Ahmed J. Obaid, Mohammed Hussein Dosh

    Published:
    9th Mar 2021

    Abstract:
    The computer networks overwhelm with unwanted emails, which are called spam emails. This email brings financial damage to companies and losses of user reputation. In this paper, the increasing volume of these emails has created the intense need to design and imp…The computer networks overwhelm with unwanted emails, which are called spam emails. This email brings financial damage to companies and losses of user reputation. In this paper, the increasing volume of these emails has created the intense need to design and implement robust anti-spam filtering using the vector space model and Machine Learning (ML). ML algorithms have successfully used to detect and filter spam emails that jeopardize the network resources and consume the bandwidth. The main objective is to apply unsupervised learning M-DBSCAN to classify spam and ham emails. A robust method using the Modified Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (M-DBSCAN) is implemented. The extracted N-representative points from each cluster are applied in the online test. These points represent the cluster objects to detect spherical and non-spherical clusters. These N-representative points are formed from the training step to detect spam email using distance measures. The data set used from the Kaggle website included many objects of ham and spam emails. The results show good performance accuracy with 97.848% in M-DBSCAN compared with 95.918% for standard DBSCAN accuracy and efficient values in false-negative rate, false-positive rate, f-score and online time detection.
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  • PSO-RBFNN Based Optimal PID Controller and ANFIS Based Coupling for Fruits Drying System

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e25

    Authors:
    Priya R Krishnan, Remya Gopalakrishnan, R. Nishanth, Abin John Joseph, Agath Martin, Nidhin Sani

    Published:
    9th Mar 2021

    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: Preservation of fruits by drying is one of the general and important traditional technique followed by the process industries. An accurate controller of relative humidity and temperature is required for the fruit drying control system, which determines the qu…INTRODUCTION: Preservation of fruits by drying is one of the general and important traditional technique followed by the process industries. An accurate controller of relative humidity and temperature is required for the fruit drying control system, which determines the quality of the dried fruits.

    OBJECTIVES: To design optimal Propositional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller based on the Particle Swarm Optimization and Radial Basis Functional Neural Network (PSO-RBFNN) for pineapple drying system.

    METHODS: A Propositional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller based on the Particle Swarm Optimization and Radial Basis Functional Neural Network ( PSO-RBFNN) was proposed in this paper for pineapple drying system. Also, the coupling relationship of relative humidity and temperature is more complicated due to the fluctuations and non-linearity in the drying system. An intelligent Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) coupling model is utilized in this paper to access the coupling relationship between relative humidity and temperature.

    RESULTS: The proposed control system has been implemented in the MATLAB and results are compared with PID controller, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and Fuzzy PID controller for the performance constraints such as settling time, peak over shoot and steady state error.

    CONCLUSION: The proposed PSO-RBFNN based PID controller gives better control performance with the highly minimized settling time (42 sec for humidity and 40 sec for temperature) and completely eliminated steady state error and Peak overshoot. Finally, the PSO-RBFNN algorithm based PID controller is concluded as the e ffective system.
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  • Contemporary PCA and NBA based Hybrid Cloud Intrusion Detection System

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e24

    Authors:
    Sivakami Raja, S. Gokul Pran, N. Pandeeswari, P. Kiruthiga, D. Nithya, G. MuthuPandi

    Published:
    19th Feb 2021

    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: Cloud computing offers on-demand services, from which consumers can avail networked storage and computer resources. Due to the fact that cloud is accessed through internet, its data are prone to internal and external intrusions. Cloud Intrusion Detection System will…INTRODUCTION: Cloud computing offers on-demand services, from which consumers can avail networked storage and computer resources. Due to the fact that cloud is accessed through internet, its data are prone to internal and external intrusions. Cloud Intrusion Detection System will now be able to classify each pattern of testing dataset as either normal or intrusive and in case of intrusion, it will identify the type of intrusion. By comparing each of these actual results with the expected results of testing dataset. It is strongly observing the inside-activities of a network. Hence, it is suitable for detecting intrusions in cloud environment. OBJECTIVES: Hybrid Cloud Intrusion Detection System can function well for a very huge dataset and it can also detect unknown attacks. To achieve the better performance in the cloud setting by utilizing this Cloud Intrusion Detection System. METHODS: To overcome performance issues, Principal Component Analysis and Network Behaviour Analysis are proposed. RESULTS: The experimental and performance assessment show that the proposed model is well planned, efficient and effective in finding cloud environment intrusions. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) monitors all incoming and outgoing network activity to identifies any signs of intrusion in your system that could compromise your systems. CONCLUSION: Experiments are performed using a standard benchmark KDD-cup dataset and the findings are addressed. IDS helps the Network Administrator to track down bad guys on the Internet whose very purpose is to bring you r network to a breach point and make it vulnerable to attacks.
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  • Efficiency enhancement of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells using Gel Polymer Electrolytes

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e23

    Authors:
    S.A. Abrol, C. Bhargava, P.K. Sharma

    Published:
    19th Feb 2021

    Abstract:
    Sustainable development is the prime criterion for the conservation of natural resources and to keep an environmental balance between conserving natural resources such as coal, gas and oil, which are non-renewable sources of energy, it is necessary to introduce renewable sources of…Sustainable development is the prime criterion for the conservation of natural resources and to keep an environmental balance between conserving natural resources such as coal, gas and oil, which are non-renewable sources of energy, it is necessary to introduce renewable sources of energy such as solar, tidal, wind and geothermal. Solar energy has shown great potential in the last two decades due to Sunlight readily available source. Different photovoltaics like organic and inorganic are developed in the previous several years for power generation in various applications. At present silicon-based solar cells are commercialized as they have shown good conversion efficiency compared to other solar cells and good stability in terms of life. However, the high price and complex fabrication process limit its application. For these reasons, researchers are looking forward to organic photovoltaic cells out of which dye-sensitized solar cell shows good efficiency, low cost of fabrication, and easy process of construction. In this paper, the cost-effective and easy fabrication process is used to fabricate four types of Dye-sensitized solar cell Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) using onion peel dye sensitizer, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and triiodide-based gel polymer electrolyte (GPE). All four Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) have a different ratio of PMMA gel and Triiodide as liquid Electrolyte (LE). Out of these four fabricated DSSC's, the DSSC which has 80:20 liquid and gel solution provided the highest efficiency of range 11.32%. All the dye-sensitized solar cells are tested under the solar luminance of 37.288 mW/cm2. A maximum open-circuit photovoltage of 0.386 V with a fill factor of 0.439 made it the best proto-model to be used for practical applications.
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  • Matrix Factorization Based Recommendation System using Hybrid Optimization Technique

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e22

    Authors:
    P. Srinivasa Rao, T.V. Madhusudhana Rao, Suresh Kurumalla, Bethapudi Prakash

    Published:
    19th Feb 2021

    Abstract:
    In this paper, a matrix factorization recommendation algorithm is used to recommend items to the user by inculcating a hybrid optimization technique that combines Alternating Least Squares (ALS) and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) in the advanced stage and compares the two indi…In this paper, a matrix factorization recommendation algorithm is used to recommend items to the user by inculcating a hybrid optimization technique that combines Alternating Least Squares (ALS) and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) in the advanced stage and compares the two individual algorithms with the hybrid model. This hybrid optimization algorithm can be easily implemented in the real world as a cold start can be easily reduced. The hybrid technique proposed is set side-by-side with the ALS and SGD algorithms individually to assess the pros and cons and the requirements to be met to choose a specific technique in a specific domain. The metric used for comparison and evaluation of this technique is Mean Squared Error (MSE).
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  • Evaluation of MPC-based arctan droop control strategy in islanded microgrid

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e21

    Authors:
    J.D.D. Iyakaremye, G.N. Nyakoe, C.W. Wekesa

    Published:
    19th Feb 2021

    Abstract:
    The microgrid (MG) is an emerging technology for supplying energy from renewable energy sources (RES). Due to their intermittent nature, RES require an inverter and smooth operation control system when integrated into an MG. Conventional droop control is commonly used in microgrid control but can…The microgrid (MG) is an emerging technology for supplying energy from renewable energy sources (RES). Due to their intermittent nature, RES require an inverter and smooth operation control system when integrated into an MG. Conventional droop control is commonly used in microgrid control but cannot achieve adequate power-sharing when output impedances of inverters are different; thus, enhancing its performance is required. This paper’s main objective is to design a finite control set model predictive control (FSC-MPC) based arctan droop control and evaluate its performance against the conventional droop control strategy. The proposed control technique guarantees a strong transient response when there is a dynamic load change during MG operation. The results showed that the proposed control strategy ensures proportionate power-sharing of paralleled voltage source inverters with unequal line impedances than the traditional droop controller, which can vary.
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  • Functional and Engineering Methods of Upgrading the Quality of Induction Traction Electric Motors

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e20

    Authors:
    V. Mygal, Shch. Arhun, M. Shuliak, A. Hnatov, E. Kalinin, M. Mysiura

    Published:
    29th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    The results of research on the creation of induction traction electric motors (EM), which made it possible to improve their technical, environmental and operational qualities, are presented. The main criterion for assessing the quality of EM were selected vibration levels. The main research m…The results of research on the creation of induction traction electric motors (EM), which made it possible to improve their technical, environmental and operational qualities, are presented. The main criterion for assessing the quality of EM were selected vibration levels. The main research methods were experimental and statistical methods. New technologies for assembling bearing units assemblies and EM as a whole were studied. New design and technological solutions have been developed. The dynamic characteristics of structural vibration damping have been improved by methods of rational distribution of masses, stiffness and distance between supports of bearings. The achieved reduction in vibration levels makes it possible to predict an increase in the resource developed by the EМ by 2-3 times.
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  • Design, Simulation and Economic Analysis of A Rooftop Solar PV System in Vietnam

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e19

    Authors:
    Thanh Ba Nguyen, Phuong Hoang Van

    Published:
    27th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    Installing a grid-connected rooftop solar system for a household is an important issue; therefore, there are many factors that need to be considered before the installation is decided. The main factors to be noted are the total cost of the installation, the amount of electricity generated as well a…Installing a grid-connected rooftop solar system for a household is an important issue; therefore, there are many factors that need to be considered before the installation is decided. The main factors to be noted are the total cost of the installation, the amount of electricity generated as well as the government's support policies for the development of solar energy. This article presents the design, simulation and economic analysis of an 8.36kWp grid-connected rooftop solar power project for a household in Thu Dau Mot City, Vietnam. The study calculates the generated electricity, the efficiency of the Photovoltaic(PV) power system, the ability to reduce the amount of CO2 emitted into the environment and the economic indicators of the project. This research is useful for stakeholders investing in residential rooftop solar PV systems and Vietnam’s energy policymakers as well.
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  • Knowledge Extraction Using Auto Regression Method - A Tourist Information Extraction and Analytics

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e18

    Authors:
    Arun Manicka Raja M, Sumitha T, Maria Michael Visuwasam L, Rejin Paul N R

    Published:
    27th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    Data analytics is played a vital role in Information Technology and Information Technology essential services ITeS for making effective decisions. The demand for tourism and prediction of tourist arrivals are important for tourism organisation. In this paper, we analyse tourist and …Data analytics is played a vital role in Information Technology and Information Technology essential services ITeS for making effective decisions. The demand for tourism and prediction of tourist arrivals are important for tourism organisation. In this paper, we analyse tourist and extract information using data analytics process. The web data are processed using travellers’ details and applying an aggregate function to calculate the searching index. Here, we use the autoregression analytics method for accurate prediction. The tourist information is recorded and creates a system log for processing and extracting information. The interaction between each record and their logs are used for data processing and analytics model. This paper uses a recommendation system for the data analytics process and compares the results with existing models. Our proposed method provides good and accurate results for tourism organisation.
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  • Mathematical Modeling and Kinematic analysis of 3-RRR Planar Parallel Manipulator

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e17

    Authors:
    Shaik Himam Saheb, G. Satish Babu

    Published:
    27th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    Parallel mechanisms are found as positioning platforms in several robot manipulator applications tool manufacturing applications. Today, various types of these mechanisms are classified based on the structure, type of joints, and degree of freedom. An important and basic planar …Parallel mechanisms are found as positioning platforms in several robot manipulator applications tool manufacturing applications. Today, various types of these mechanisms are classified based on the structure, type of joints, and degree of freedom. An important and basic planar mechanism providing three degrees of freedom at the end-effector (movable platform) is a 3-RRR linkage. The forward kinematics in parallel mechanisms is a multi-solution problem and involves cumbersome calculations compared to inverse kinematics. With forward kinematics, the input kinematic parameters for any manipulator are known, and the end effector coordinate must be determined. The kinematic equations are generated with mechanics principles, and Jacobian matrices are formulated, With the Jacobian matrix, the regular workspace and dexterous workspace analysis calculated. The main objective is to fabricate a model of this planar manipulation mechanism with calculated dimensions and observe the practical workspace and dexterous workspace available at the end effector. The practical workspace and calculated workspace is presented in this paper. This final output data is useful for manipulator designers to design manipulators for different applications. In addition to this, the stress analysis is performed with Ansys software’s help to estimate the moving platform’s failure zone.
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  • Sentence Semantic Similarity Model Using Convolutional Neural Networks

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e16

    Authors:
    Karthiga M, Sountharrajan S, Suganya E, Sankarananth S

    Published:
    25th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    In Natural Language Processing, determining the semantic likeness between sentences is an important research area. For example, there exists many possible semantics for a word (polysemy), and the synonym of the word differs. Double LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) working at same time on d…In Natural Language Processing, determining the semantic likeness between sentences is an important research area. For example, there exists many possible semantics for a word (polysemy), and the synonym of the word differs. Double LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) working at same time on double phrase sequences model is projected to overcome the solitary sequence problem. Furthermore, with the goal of overcoming the second issue, as indicated by the qualities of English dialect, we utilized the British corpus semantic similarity datasets structured by specialists to prepare, and validate the technique. During the training process the stopwords were reserved for use. Convolution Neural Network and Semantic Likeness model based on grammar are used to compare the results of our projected representation. The outcomes demonstrate that the proposed methodology is more prominent than the previous approaches by means of precision, recall rate, accuracy etc., along with the enhanced generalization potential of the neural network.
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  • Top ‘N’ Variant Random Forest Model for High Utility Itemsets Recommendation

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e15

    Authors:
    Pazhaniraja N, Sountharrajan S, Suganya E, Karthiga M

    Published:
    25th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    High-utility based itemset mining is the advancement of recurrent pattern mining that discovers occurrence of frequent transactions from a huge database. The issues in frequent pattern mining involve the elimination of quantities purchased by the customers and cost of purchased prod…High-utility based itemset mining is the advancement of recurrent pattern mining that discovers occurrence of frequent transactions from a huge database. The issues in frequent pattern mining involve the elimination of quantities purchased by the customers and cost of purchased product. This can be resolved by high utility itemset mining which includes quantities and profit of the products in the transactions. The conventional association rule mining algorithms results in huge memory consumption due to the complexity in pruning the search space. In this paper, machine learning based high-utility itemset mining is applied to predict next order in an online grocery store depending on the transactions. The overall goal is to enhance the business profitability by stocking the high utility items in market. The Top ‘N’ variant Random Forest model is proposed to recommend the high utility itemsets, thereby predicting the reordered/next ordered items. The model is evaluated using Instacart market dataset to measure accuracy, precision and recall.
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  • Hopfield Neural Network-based Security Constrained Economic Dispatch of Renewable Energy Systems

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e14

    Authors:
    Shewit Tsegaye, Fekadu Shewarega, Getachew Bekele

    Published:
    25th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    This paper presents Security Constrained Economic Dispatch (SCED) of Renewable Energy Systems (RES) using Hopfield Neural Networks (HNN) to address power mismatch problems of the Ethiopian power grid. The mathematical formulations of SCED for RES comprising biomass, hydro, solar PV, waste to en…This paper presents Security Constrained Economic Dispatch (SCED) of Renewable Energy Systems (RES) using Hopfield Neural Networks (HNN) to address power mismatch problems of the Ethiopian power grid. The mathematical formulations of SCED for RES comprising biomass, hydro, solar PV, waste to energy plant, wind, and geothermal are presented. Each of these sources requires problem formulation and constraint handling mechanisms considering security limits and credible contingencies. This enables renewable energy systems to provide secure and reliable electric service. Modified IEEE 118 bus system and Ethiopian renewable energy systems were used as case studies. Modelling and simulation were conducted on MATLAB. According to the results obtained, it can be deduced that employing HNN based SCED is a promising step in connection to developments needed in the adoption and realization of smarter grids as it reduces execution time, production cost and the number of blackouts while increasing the security level of a power system of RES.
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  • The Role of the Electric Vehicle in Smart Homes: Assessment and Future Perspectives

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e13

    Authors:
    Vitor Monteiro, Jose A. Afonso, Joao C. Ferreira, Tiago J. C. Sousa, Joao L. Afonso

    Published:
    25th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    The wide spreading of electric mobility is imposing the application of new technologies of hardware and software for supporting new operation paradigms, not only in the perspective of improving smart grids, but also each time more in the perspective of boosting the preponderance of sm…The wide spreading of electric mobility is imposing the application of new technologies of hardware and software for supporting new operation paradigms, not only in the perspective of improving smart grids, but also each time more in the perspective of boosting the preponderance of smart homes. Concretely, nowadays it is clear that the emergent technologiesfor smart homes, targeting power quality and a more efficient power management, are also altering the conventional electrical power grids toward smart grids. In this panorama, by relating the strategic pillars of electric mobility and smart homes, this paper has as main objective the characterization of the role of the electric vehicle (EV) in smart homes, presenting a broad assessment based on the state of the art, as well as creating a link with upcoming advanced operations. From the smart home point of view, since it should be equipped to deal with the requirements of the EV, the assessment of both on-board and off-board EV battery charging systems are considered along the paper. Furthermore, the presence of technologies such as energy storage systems, renewable energy sources and dc electrical appliances in smart homes towards sustainability is also reflected in this paper, but framed from the point of view of an off-board EV battery charging system, since it is more convenient for enabling the interface of these mentioned technologies. Looking the paper as a whole, a relevant contribution is the discussion of future operations for the EV in smart homes, also envisioning the opportunity for ac, dc, or hybrid power grids. Illustrative and strategic results are shown, covering all these features with specific details, not only based on numerical simulations, but also based on experimental results, which were obtained with a proof-of-concept laboratory prototype.
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  • Experimental Validation of a Three-Phase Induction Motor Operating with a Three-Phase Bidirectional Variable Speed Drive

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e12

    Authors:
    Luis Machado, Tiago J. C. Sousa, Delfim Pedrosa, Vitor Monteiro, J. G. Pinto, Joao L. Afonso

    Published:
    14th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    The three-phase induction motor is the main electric motor used in industrial applications, contributing significantly to the industrial electricity consumption. Additionally, the traditional variable speed drivers, due to the internal constitution based on a passive rectifier, c…The three-phase induction motor is the main electric motor used in industrial applications, contributing significantly to the industrial electricity consumption. Additionally, the traditional variable speed drivers, due to the internal constitution based on a passive rectifier, contribute to accentuate power quality problems on the grid side. In this context, this paper presents thesimulation, implementation and subsequent experimental verification of an electronic variable speed drive for three-phase induction motors, which is composed by a three-phase ac-dc converter on the grid side and by a three-phase dc-ac converter on the motor side. With the proposed solution, besides driving the motor, it is possible to mitigate power quality problems on the grid side (e.g., current harmonics and reactive power) associated with the use of diode-bridge ac-dc converters in the conventional variable speed drives. Besides, with the proposed solution, a bidirectional operation is possible, allowing to deliver to the power grid the energy generated in motor braking processes. As demonstrated along the paper, with the proposed variable speed drive it is possible to control the motor speed (including the rotation direction), and to achieve operation with sinusoidal currents and unitary power factor on the grid side. A laboratory prototype was developed, allowing to perform experimental validation and to verify the main functionalities of the variable speed drive.
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  • Towards Smart Railways: A Charging Strategy for Railway Energy Storage Systems

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e11

    Authors:
    Vítor A. Morais, João L. Afonso, António P. Martins

    Published:
    14th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    The huge power requirements of future railways require the usage of energy-efficient strategies towards amore intelligent railway system. The usage of on-board energy storage systems enables better usage of the traction energy with a higher degree of freedom. In this article is proposed a top-level…The huge power requirements of future railways require the usage of energy-efficient strategies towards amore intelligent railway system. The usage of on-board energy storage systems enables better usage of the traction energy with a higher degree of freedom. In this article is proposed a top-level charging controller forthe on-board and wayside railway energy storage systems. Its structure comprehends two processing levels: a real-time fuzzy logic controller for each energy storage system, and a genetic algorithm meta-heuristic, that remotely and automatically tune the fuzzy rules weight. As global results, the reduction of regenerated energy is 22.3% with the fuzzy logic controller. With the optimization strategy, this reduction can be further extendedto 28.7%. The need for a smart railway framework is also discussed towards a realistic implementation of such charging strategy. Thus, with a high degree of flexibility, the efficiency of railway energy systems can be increased with the proposed framework.
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  • Experimental Validation of a Current-Source Converter with Reduced Dc-link Operating as Shunt Active Power Filter

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e10

    Authors:
    Catia F. Oliveira, Luis A. M. Barros, Joao L. Afonso, J. G. Pinto, Bruno Exposto, Vitor Monteiro

    Published:
    14th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    Nowadays, the majority of electronic equipment behaves as nonlinear loads, introducing power quality problems into the power grid, namely, current harmonics and low power factor. These problems contribute to reduce the efficiency of the power grid and can cause malfunctioning of s…Nowadays, the majority of electronic equipment behaves as nonlinear loads, introducing power quality problems into the power grid, namely, current harmonics and low power factor. These problems contribute to reduce the efficiency of the power grid and can cause malfunctioning of sensitive loads connected to the power grid. Therefore, it is important to develop power electronics solutions capable to mitigate these power quality problems. In this context, this paper presents a novel single-phase shunt active power filter (SAPF) based on a current-source converter, where the key differencing factor, when compared with the conventional approach, is the reduced dc-link. As the proposed topology requires a reduced dc-link, it represents a relevant advantage, requiring a less bulky inductance in the dc-link, reducing the losses, cost, and volume. The proposed SAPF with reduced dc-link is introduced in detail along the paper, and a comprehensive comparison with the conventional SAPF is established based on computer simulations. Besides, an experimental validation is carried out with a developed laboratory prototype, validating the main advantages of the proposed SAPF with reduced dc-link.
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  • A Markov Process-based Opportunistic Trust Factor Estimation Mechanism for Efficient Cluster Head Selection and Extending the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e9

    Authors:
    Sengathir Janakiraman, M. Deva Priya, S. Siamala Devi, G. Sandhya, G. Nivedhitha, S. Padmavathi

    Published:
    13th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: The lifetime of a sensor network completely relies on the potentialities of the utilized Cluster Head (CH) selection scheme that aids in building efficient Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Most of the existing CH selection approaches use an impractical condition whi…INTRODUCTION: The lifetime of a sensor network completely relies on the potentialities of the utilized Cluster Head (CH) selection scheme that aids in building efficient Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Most of the existing CH selection approaches use an impractical condition which mainly emphasizes that the nodes that are trustworthy and highly energy competitive have better likelihood of being selected as CHs.

    OBJECTIVES: In this paper, a Markov Process-based Opportunistic Trust Factor Estimation Mechanism (MPOTFEM) is proposed for achieving optimal CH selection that enhances the possibility of maintaining network lifetime and energy stability in the network.

    METHODS: MPOTFEM is proposed for ensuring efficient CH selection and thereby enhancing the lifetime of WSNs. The proposed MPOTFEM incorporates the merits of Markov process for computing the Opportunistic and Trust factors that assesses the maximum likelihood of nodes with the possibility of being selected as the CH by exploring multiple transition states of nodes in the networks.

    RESULTS: The results of the propounded MPOTFEM confirm to be significant in improving the network longevity by 39.21% with minimized energy consumption of 34.82% when compared to the baseline CH election mechanisms taken for analysis.

    CONCLUSION: The results prove that MPOTFEM is better when compared to the benchmarked CH selection schemes in terms of network lifespan and energy stability.
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  • Optimizing Performance Parameters in Wireless Sensor Network using Hybrid Medium Access Control

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e8

    Authors:
    Anitha K, Ananda Babu J

    Published:
    13th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    To carry out an efficient data aggregation operation, it is essential to retain the optimal number of nodes for an extensive sensing period in wireless sensor networks. Hybrid Medium Access Control (MAC) uses its contention and scheduling options to offer this feature by facilitating…To carry out an efficient data aggregation operation, it is essential to retain the optimal number of nodes for an extensive sensing period in wireless sensor networks. Hybrid Medium Access Control (MAC) uses its contention and scheduling options to offer this feature by facilitating access over the shared resources and offering better energy efficiency. However, a review of existing approaches highlights that there is still a large scope for improvement. Therefore, the proposed system introduces a model forhybrid MAC that facilitates optimal routine management of states of nodes and offers a dual optimization model by ensuring extensive participation of intermediate nodes. The proposed scheme Simulated in MATLAB, the study outcome shows that it offers a good balance between energy efficiency and communication performance in comparison to existing hybrid MAC schemes.
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  • Frequent Pattern Retrieval on Data Streams by using Sliding Window

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e7

    Authors:
    P. Mahesh Kumar, P. Srinivasa Rao

    Published:
    13th Jan 2021

    Abstract:
    In different applications like recommender frameworks and market examination, regular patterns play a significant role in useful mining data. Mining regular patterns from sliding windows over streaming information has become a complex task. In this examination, the sliding window is utilized…In different applications like recommender frameworks and market examination, regular patterns play a significant role in useful mining data. Mining regular patterns from sliding windows over streaming information has become a complex task. In this examination, the sliding window is utilized to build the framework and FP tree applied to mine the dataset's valuable data. The sliding window has the arrangement of patterns put away in the Matrix, which contains the transaction in the sliding information and thenapplied to the FP tree. In this paper, the Frequent Pattern Retrieval strategy is planned by utilizing anFP tree approach and a sliding window model to extract noteworthy examples from data streams. The proposed technique accomplished less runtime with low memory use for the Breast disease dataset and different datasets to run the least utility edge contrasted with different existing procedures.
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  • Bus Allocation for Voltage Stabilization in Multi-Machine Power System Using GWO

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e6

    Authors:
    Nasser Ali Hasson AL-Zubaydi, Ali Abdulrazzak Jasim

    Published:
    23rd Dec 2020

    Abstract:
    Today, power systems are being operated under greatly stressed conditions due to rapidly growing demand for electrical energy, penetration of renewable energy sources, large seasonal load variations, and operation in competitive energy market conditions. The main part of this work involves …Today, power systems are being operated under greatly stressed conditions due to rapidly growing demand for electrical energy, penetration of renewable energy sources, large seasonal load variations, and operation in competitive energy market conditions. The main part of this work involves achieving complete system observability and improving voltage stability level simultaneously by placing a minimal number of PMUs. Initially, weak buses (very sensitive to smaller reactive power variations) are identified by using Fast Voltage Stability Index (FVSI) calculation. In this work, the reliability of observing the weak buses is purposely maximized. Suppose any sudden voltage instability problem occurs on the weak bus. In that case,PMUs can immediately communicate to the operator and prevent the outage of the weak bus, even if one of the PMUs fails. PMUs can maintain the FVSI value of the critical lines, not exceeding their maximum limit, by initiating the remedial actions scheme, such as smart islanding, controlling the transformer tap settings, coordinating between automatic corrective devices, etc. In this system, the positioning of PMUs on poor buses should be favoured over other buses. Improved voltage reliability can be accomplished by effective and accurate control of critical lines and vulnerable buses. This is done by a small rise in the amount of PMUs relative to previous results.
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  • A Hybrid ACO based Optimized RVM Algorithm for Land Cover Satellite Image Classification

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e5

    Authors:
    A. M. A. Akbar Badusha, S. Kother Mohideen

    Published:
    23rd Dec 2020

    Abstract:
    The proposed different classification schemes based on modified RVM and Optimized RVM were implemented, and observed the classification outputs. The proposed Optimized RVM classification technique is successfully applied to the classification of the input images. The quantitative and qualit…The proposed different classification schemes based on modified RVM and Optimized RVM were implemented, and observed the classification outputs. The proposed Optimized RVM classification technique is successfully applied to the classification of the input images. The quantitative and qualitative classification results are evaluated and compared. The accuracy of the proposed modified RVM is improved by applying the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) technique. The kernel parameter of the modified RVM is optimized using ACO, and the results got improved a little better than the modified RVM based classifier. The general agreement between all classification techniques discussed in the above sections indicates that the inclusion of ACO for RVM parameter optimization adds very accurate classification in various multispectral satellite images. The performance evaluations confirm that the proposed ACO based Optimized RVM (ACO-RVM) classifier greatly improved the accuracy of final classification outputs.
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  • Modelling state spaces and discrete control using MILP: computational cost considerations for demand response

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e4

    Authors:
    P. L. Magalhães, C. H. Antunes

    Published:
    23rd Dec 2020

    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: Demand response (DR) has been proposed as a mechanism to induce electricity cost reductions and is typically assumed to require the adoption of time-differentiated electricity prices. Making the most of these requires using automated energy management systems to produce optimised DR p…INTRODUCTION: Demand response (DR) has been proposed as a mechanism to induce electricity cost reductions and is typically assumed to require the adoption of time-differentiated electricity prices. Making the most of these requires using automated energy management systems to produce optimised DR plans. Mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) has been used for this purpose, including by modelling dynamic systems (DS).

    OBJECTIVES: In this paper, wecompare the computational performance of MILP approaches for modelling state spaces and multi-level discrete control (MLDC) in DR problems involving DSs.

    METHODS: A state-of-the-art MILP solver was used to compute solutions and compare approaches.

    RESULTS: Modelling state spaces using decision variables proved to be the most efficient option in over 80% of cases. In turn, the new MLDC approaches outperformed the standard one in about 60% of cases despite performing in the same range.

    CONCLUSION: We conclude that using state variables is generally the better option and that all MLDC variants perform similarly.
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  • Design and Experimental Validation of a Compact Low-Cost Weather Station for Solar Photovoltaic Applications

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e3

    Authors:
    Jose A. Salgado, Vitor Monteiro, J. G. Pinto, Joao L. Afonso, Jose A. Afonso

    Published:
    2nd Dec 2020

    Abstract:
    This paper presents a compact low-cost weather station specially dedicated to renewable energy applications based on solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies. The main objective of the weather station is to verify which technology of solar PV modules would be more suitable for the specific location whe…This paper presents a compact low-cost weather station specially dedicated to renewable energy applications based on solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies. The main objective of the weather station is to verify which technology of solar PV modules would be more suitable for the specific location where the weather station is installed. Therefore, the developed weather station includes three technologies of PV modules (polycrystalline, monocrystalline, and amorphous silicon), each one connected to a dedicated DC-DC power converter with a maximum power point control (MPPC) functionality, as well as a set of sensors (solar irradiance, temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction) used to measure the local weather. The acquired data is processed and stored locally in the weather station and, when necessary, the user can download the data to an Android mobile device through a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) wireless network connection using the developed mobile app, where the transferred data is stored in a SQLite database and can be visualized in graphs. Throughout the paper, the design of the developed weather station and the associated technologies are described, as well as the details of the mobile app. The developed system comprising the weather station and the mobile app was validated through a set of experimental tests ranging from the data acquisition to its visualization, as well as the achieved wireless data transfer performance.
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  • Development and Evaluation of Smart Home IoT Systems applied to HVAC Monitoring and Control

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e2

    Authors:
    Ruben E. Figueiredo, Aníbal A. Alves, Vitor Monteiro, J. G. Pinto, João L. Afonso, José A. Afonso

    Published:
    19th Nov 2020

    Abstract:
    This work describes the development and evaluation of two smart home-based Internet of Things (IoT) systems applied to HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) monitoring and control, including parameters such as temperature, humidity, air quality, smoke detection, and…This work describes the development and evaluation of two smart home-based Internet of Things (IoT) systems applied to HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) monitoring and control, including parameters such as temperature, humidity, air quality, smoke detection, and human presence. These systems are based on a flexible hybrid wireless network architecture combining Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and IEEE 802.11/Wi-Fi, in order to adapt to the requirements of different types of sensor and actuator devices. The original implemented network is based on Cypress PSoC 4 BLE boards and HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP), whereas the new network uses ESP32 boards and includes Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT), a lightweight messaging protocol suitable for IoT devices which provides additional quality of service (QoS) mechanisms to guarantee the delivery of messages. A smart temperature control system was implemented in the BLE/Wi-Fi gateway (Raspberry Pi) to keep the room temperature inside a user-defined range. An online database was also developed using the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud platform, allowing the users to access the HVAC data and control the system parameters, through the Internet, using a mobile app developed for Android devices. Experimental tests were performed to validate the functionalities and performance of the developed systems. The obtained results demonstrate that the new network provides lower delay values compared with the original implementation.
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  • Increasing photovoltaic self-consumption with game theory and blockchain

    Appears in:
    ew 18: e1

    Authors:
    Matthieu Stephant, Dhaker Abbes, Kahina Hassam-Ouar, Antoine Labrunie, Benoît Robyns

    Published:
    27th Oct 2020

    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: This paper presents a distributed approach to optimise self-consumption on a local energy community containing photovoltaic generators, electric vehicles, loads and a storage system. OBJECTIVES: The goal is to maximise energy sharing between users while preserving the indivual objecti…INTRODUCTION: This paper presents a distributed approach to optimise self-consumption on a local energy community containing photovoltaic generators, electric vehicles, loads and a storage system. OBJECTIVES: The goal is to maximise energy sharing between users while preserving the indivual objectives of each user. METHODS: Game theory is employed to model users’ behavior and preferences. A distributed algorithm is used to solve the optimisation problem. In addition, a physical model of the grid is built to verify if the solutions respect grid constraints. Finally, a private blockchain environnement is deployed to concretely implement this distributed framework with a smart contract. RESULTS: It is shown that the proposed approach effectively leads to an increase of self-consumption rate on the local grid. CONCLUSION: The proposed distributed framework, combining game theory and blockchain, shows real potential to improve energy sharing on energy communities.
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  • IoT-Chain: Security of things for Pervasive, Sustainable and Efficient Computing using Blockchain

    Appears in:
    ew 20: e7

    Authors:
    Mohd Majid Akhtar, Danish Raza Rizvi

    Published:
    20th May 2020

    Abstract:
    This paper unfolds the infancy of the exquisite experience of the ‘Internet of Things’. It will address the thrilling potential of the looming opportunity of IoT & will echo the integration of things when harnessed with the bubble of internet. The topic is vulnerable due to handful factors but chie…This paper unfolds the infancy of the exquisite experience of the ‘Internet of Things’. It will address the thrilling potential of the looming opportunity of IoT & will echo the integration of things when harnessed with the bubble of internet. The topic is vulnerable due to handful factors but chiefly improves the insights and will observe exponential rise in the ‘Next generation’. The new rule enchanted for future will be “Anything that can be connected will be connected”. Moreover, cognitive consciousness of people will understand that IoT is the next big thing without procrastinating, in particular. This paradigm will review the implementation and challenges of several domotics technologies and others in general within the communication field and its contribution to the ‘Smart World’, exploring supplementary in fields of healthcare, living culture, transportation and furthermore that collectively rise for the world of Ubiquitous computing or Pervasive computing around us. Pervasive computing in short serves as a meaning where smart devices are connected as network and available all time. By scratching past, we have seen DDoS attack happening in 2016 via botnet attacks & malware from the devices such as IP security cameras, routers, printers. IoT as of now, have taken steps for the security but still lacks for the major part. Blockchain, the revolutionary technology behind the famous Bitcoin, which is cryptographically secured and decentralized, hence, can act as the liberator for the security of IoT devices. Blockchain in short are distributed immutable ledger that maintains the integrity of the network by achieving consensus algorithms like Proof of Work or Proof of Stake. Hence, an attacker won’t be able to take down the IoT devices as easy as it was taken down before and eventually, harder to attack or hack the network. This manuscript discusses the use of Blockchain technology implementation for the security of IoT devices along with the sustainable and energy efficient solution towards the problem stated and addresses the limitations, if any. We also discuss the future prospect for IoT, blockchain and other possible architectures.
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  • A Survey of Architecture, Framework and Algorithms for Resource Management in Edge Computing

    Appears in:
    ew 21(33): e15

    Authors:
    S. Premkumar, A. N. Sigappi

    Published:
    23rd Dec 2020

    Abstract:
    Internet-based applications predominantly use the existing method of acquiring the computing resources remotely from the cloud data centers. This method of computation is not applicable in future since it is expected that the latencies in communication tend to expand largely…Internet-based applications predominantly use the existing method of acquiring the computing resources remotely from the cloud data centers. This method of computation is not applicable in future since it is expected that the latencies in communication tend to expand largely due to the internet connectivity among billions of devices. This enormous expansion in latencies induces an adverse impact in the Quality of Service (QoS) and Quality of Experience (QoE) parameters. Edge computing is an imminent computing methodology that deploys the decentralized resources present at the edge of the network to make data processing within the proximity of user devices like smartphones, sensors or wearables. This approach is contrary to the conventional methods of utilizing centralized and distant cloud data centers. Managing the resources becomes a major challenge to be approached due to the diverse and rapidly evolving resources in comparison with the cloud. The lucrative role of Internet of Things (IoT) and Edge, and the challenges posed by the dynamic technologies are presented. This paper presents a survey of the research publications from edge computing from 2013 to 2020, covering the various architectures, frameworks, and the fundamental algorithms involved in resource management in edge computing.
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  • Dispatch model of Power Systems in Thermal Wind and Pumped Storage Hydro Framework using Hybrid Optimization technique

    Appears in:
    ew 21(33): e14

    Authors:
    R. Soundara Pandian, R. Jayashree

    Published:
    23rd Dec 2020

    Abstract:
    An ideal scheduling model of Thermal-Wind and Pumped Storage Hydro framework is introduced in this paper. Thermal-Wind-Pumped store up Generation Scheduling (TWPGS) with practical and natural highlights of a multi-target optimization issue with many figured constraints are proposed. The fundamental…An ideal scheduling model of Thermal-Wind and Pumped Storage Hydro framework is introduced in this paper. Thermal-Wind-Pumped store up Generation Scheduling (TWPGS) with practical and natural highlights of a multi-target optimization issue with many figured constraints are proposed. The fundamental target is to create 60 minutes by-hour ideal schedule of Thermal-wind-Pumped Storage plants to lessen the operating cost of the thermal power plant and fulfilling the system constraints. The paper introduces a point by point structure of the TWPGS issue, and Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) is proposed to formulate the solution. The proposed GSA chooses the ON/OFF situation of the generating unit and resultant power dispatch with least operating expense. To decide the effectiveness of the GSA model, testing is executed in a standard IEEE 6 bus framework utilizing MATLAB programming. The ideal consequences of the proposed model have been confirmed with the current method. The examination results demonstrated the amazingness of the proposed GSA model.
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  • Day-ahead electricity price forecasting model based on artificial neural networks for energy markets

    Appears in:
    ew 21(33): e13

    Authors:
    S. Anbazhagan, Bhuvaneswari Ramachandran

    Published:
    23rd Dec 2020

    Abstract:
    Day-ahead electricity price forecasting is still an open problem in electricity markets. One major method is used in solving this problem is artificial neural networks (ANN). But they are usually trained slowly and need large numbers of patterns. NN trained using Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) learn…Day-ahead electricity price forecasting is still an open problem in electricity markets. One major method is used in solving this problem is artificial neural networks (ANN). But they are usually trained slowly and need large numbers of patterns. NN trained using Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) learning is proposed and partial autocorrelation is applied on time series data to get correct input values. The functionality of the NN-LM is higher than the traditional ANN and some other hybrid approaches. To show the effectiveness and accuracy of the NN-LM method, the Indian and the Austrian energy exchange markets are considered. It is significant to note that for the very first time, the NN-LM based approach is being tested on both the energy markets. Finally, the flexibility of the proposed approach is checked using a 4-fold cross-validation technique. The 4-fold cross-validation strategy is capable of improving the generalization ability of the model and accomplishing higher forecast precision.
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  • Intelligent Systems of Machine Learning Approaches for Developing E-Services Portals

    Appears in:
    ew 21(33): e12

    Authors:
    Waleed M. Ead, Mohamed M. Abbassy

    Published:
    2nd Dec 2020

    Abstract:
    This paper provides a framework for intelligent servers that provide e-services on portals and applications for e-commerce purposes, such as an intelligent server that can dynamically plan and structure to respond to future users' needs and provide the appropriate e-services at the right tim…This paper provides a framework for intelligent servers that provide e-services on portals and applications for e-commerce purposes, such as an intelligent server that can dynamically plan and structure to respond to future users' needs and provide the appropriate e-services at the right time. To figure out how web users learn the log files collected from web users' connections and the internet, we use data mining techniques. In our experimental study, we use real data sets. Different data mining techniques are also used for Developing Intelligent E-Services Portals in future work, and it is a very difficult task in big data to identify regular trends. As the duration of the trends has to be discovered to expand the analytical space thatgrows exponentially.
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  • Rating Prediction Method for Item-based Collaborative Filtering Recommender Systems Using Formal Concept Analysis

    Appears in:
    ew 21(33): e11

    Authors:
    Chemmalar Selvi G., Lakshmi Priya G.G.

    Published:
    2nd Dec 2020

    Abstract:
    The recommender systems are used to mainly suggest recommendations to the online users by utilizing the user preferences recorded during the item purchase. No matter how, the performance of the recommendation quality seems to be inevitable and far satisfactory. In this paper…The recommender systems are used to mainly suggest recommendations to the online users by utilizing the user preferences recorded during the item purchase. No matter how, the performance of the recommendation quality seems to be inevitable and far satisfactory. In this paper, a new approach based on the mathematical model, Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is used to improve the rating prediction of the unknown users which can certainly overcome the issues of the existing approaches like data sparsity, high dimensionality of data, performance of the recommendation generated for top n recommendation. The FCA method is applied using Boolean Matrix Factorization (ie. optimal formal concepts) in predicting the rating of the unknown users in the available user-item interaction matrix which proves to be more efficientin tackling the problem of computational complexity managing the high dimensionality of data. The proposed method is applied using item-based collaborative filtering technique and the experiment is conducted on the Movielens dataset which shows the satisfactory results. The experiments results are evaluated using the related error metrics and performance metrics. The experimental results are also compared with existing item-based Collaborative Filtering techniques which demonstrate that the performance of recommendation quality gradually improved with state-of-the-art existing techniques.
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  • Design and Analysis of Energy Efficient Domino Logic Architectures with Single Electron Transistors in Pull Down Network and Keeper Topology

    Appears in:
    ew 21(33): e10

    Authors:
    B. AnishFathima, M. Mahaboob

    Published:
    27th Nov 2020

    Abstract:
    Nanotechnology and VLSI goes hand in hand. Modernization of electronics and communication systems has demanded for compactness of the devices with low power and high speed. Conventionally CMOS logic is preferred due to its low power and its high speed benefits. Researches demand a new logic style t…Nanotechnology and VLSI goes hand in hand. Modernization of electronics and communication systems has demanded for compactness of the devices with low power and high speed. Conventionally CMOS logic is preferred due to its low power and its high speed benefits. Researches demand a new logic style that can effectively replace conventional CMOS. Many styles including Domino logic are already gaining attention in this regard. The proposed work introduces Single Electron Transistors (SET) instead of NMOS in Pull Down Network and Keeper transistor of Domino Logic. As SETs are predominant in Nanotechnology, when employed in domino logic circuits as a fusion with normal MOS transistors will contribute effectively in terms of area, power and delay. The parameters are estimated with Cadence 45nm (SET- Spice Model) technology. The proposed domino logic architectures come up with an average of 68% energy efficiency when compared with conventional CMOS circuit and its Domino logic predecessors.
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  • Transmission Congestion Management in Deregulated Electricity Market using Multi-Objective Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm

    Appears in:
    ew 21(33): e9

    Authors:
    Benjamin Chatuanramtharnghaka, Subhasish Deb

    Published:
    27th Nov 2020

    Abstract:
    In this paper, a study of multi-objective based congestion management is carried out by generator rescheduling with considering generator fuels cost. Due to the rapid growth of electrical load, the pressure in the transmission sector increases to provide transmis…In this paper, a study of multi-objective based congestion management is carried out by generator rescheduling with considering generator fuels cost. Due to the rapid growth of electrical load, the pressure in the transmission sector increases to provide transmission of power in a safe manner. But owing to the load growth, the transmission line power flow reaches beyond thermal limit which results in transmission congestion. The congestion management in the present work has been done in a multi-objective framework considering generator rescheduling method as one of the objectives. A Multi-objective Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (MOGOA) is implemented to perform the optimization for elimination of congested line and minimizing the operational cost of the system. The efficacy of the proposed method has been compared and analyzed with different multi-objective algorithms in IEEE 30 bus test system.
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  • Text Steganography in Statistically Clustered Iris Image

    Appears in:
    ew 21(33): e8

    Authors:
    Irtefaa A. Neamah, Hind Rustum Mohammed

    Published:
    18th Nov 2020

    Abstract:
    The hiding text within the iris to increase the data protection method is discussed in this work. It is impossible to distinguish between the iris image before and after concealment, and the difference between the two images only after using statistical measures such as PSNR and MSR to compare the…The hiding text within the iris to increase the data protection method is discussed in this work. It is impossible to distinguish between the iris image before and after concealment, and the difference between the two images only after using statistical measures such as PSNR and MSR to compare them. The proposed database consists of 500 images with different formats (tif, gif, png, jpg, .bmp) selected for analysis. The proposed method is shown with more accurate results, stronger image encoding, and high-efficiency text protection using performance evaluation factors to assess business standards. The success of hiding high-text ratios proved successful. Experimental results were shown based on a statistical strategy, and that the text was converted into two random variables, X and Y, which were distributed to Asia. Then, the random variables' data were included in the iris segment, cut-off, and iris' clustered image. It appears that the use of our proposed scheme can include sufficient data in the image of the iris that maintains the accuracy of the identification.
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  • Semantic Web and Web Page Clustering Algorithms: A Landscape View

    Appears in:
    ew 21(33): e7

    Authors:
    Ahmed J. Obaid, Tanusree Chatterjee, Abhishek Bhattacharya

    Published:
    18th Nov 2020

    Abstract:
    The major evolution of the semantic web has become exchanging data between applications in all domains of activities. Based on this vision, different applications in recent days, e.g. in the fields of community web portals, social networking, e-learning, multimedia retrieval, etc. have been designe…The major evolution of the semantic web has become exchanging data between applications in all domains of activities. Based on this vision, different applications in recent days, e.g. in the fields of community web portals, social networking, e-learning, multimedia retrieval, etc. have been designed. Due to growing number of web services, clustering of web resources becomes a valuable tool for semantic web mining. Clustering of internet objects like Internet web pages’ intimate new methods for grouping correlated content for better understanding and satisfies massive user query results in web pages’ search. Hence, web pages clustering algorithms should be able to handle massive irregular content and discover knowledge regardless of the web page complexity. These algorithms vary depending on the characteristics and data types. So, choosing the most appropriate algorithm is not an easy process as it should be accurate in terms of time and space complexity. Therefore, this paper rigorously surveys the most important algorithms of different types used for web page clustering. In addition, a comparative analysis of all such algorithms are provided in terms of several parameters. Finally, a brief discussion is provided on why web page clustering isimportant in emerging era of Semantic Web of Thing (SWoT) applications.
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  • A Survey of Biometric Recognition Using Deep Learning

    Appears in:
    ew 21(33): e6

    Authors:
    Haider Mehraj, Ajaz Hussain Mir

    Published:
    27th Oct 2020

    Abstract:
    Biometrics is a technique used to define, assess, and quantify a person's physical and behavioral property. In recent history, deep learning has shown impressive progress in several places, including computer vision and natural language processing for supervised learning. Since biometrics d…Biometrics is a technique used to define, assess, and quantify a person's physical and behavioral property. In recent history, deep learning has shown impressive progress in several places, including computer vision and natural language processing for supervised learning. Since biometrics deals with a person's traits, it mainly involves supervised learning and may exploit deep learning effectiveness in other similar fields. In this article, a survey of more than 60 promising biometric works using deep learning is provided, illustrating their strengths and potential in various applications. The paper starts with biometric basics, transfer learning in deep biometrics, an overview of convolutional neural networks, and then survey work. We address all the strategies and datasets used along with their accuracy. Further, some of the main challenges when utilizing these biometric recognition models and potential future avenues for research into this field are also addressed.
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  • Calculation of the Levelised Cost of Electrical Energy Storage for Short-Duration Application. LCOS Sensitivity Analysis

    Appears in:
    ew 19(21): e2

    Authors:
    Vikenty Melnikov, Gleb Nesterenko, Anton Potapenko, Dmitry Lebedev

    Downloads:
    2930

    Abstract:
    This paper research the issues of economic comparison of electrical energy storage systems based on the levelised cost of storage (LCOS). One of the proposed formulas for LCOS calculation was given, the parameters to be considered and the basic principles of their calculation were examined in detai…This paper research the issues of economic comparison of electrical energy storage systems based on the levelised cost of storage (LCOS). One of the proposed formulas for LCOS calculation was given, the parameters to be considered and the basic principles of their calculation were examined in detail. The LCOS was calculated for an electrical energy storage system, whose main function is to compensate for rapid changes in load power. LCOS sensitivity to changes in variables was analysed. The scope of potential application of the formula under consideration was specified, and the limitations preventing its wider use were indicated.
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  • Capacity Enhancement and Voltage Stability Improvement of Power Transmission Line by Series Compensation

    Appears in:
    ew 19(23): e3

    Authors:
    Md. Raihan-Al-Masud, Md. Minarul Islam, Md. Shahriar Hasan, Prajoy Podder

    Downloads:
    2008

    Abstract:
    To install a new infrastructure of a power transmission line is not only costly but also time-consuming, and it also have some harmful impact on our environment and therefore existing transmission infrastructure is important to use effectively. FACTS is a popular solution to utilize this existing p…To install a new infrastructure of a power transmission line is not only costly but also time-consuming, and it also have some harmful impact on our environment and therefore existing transmission infrastructure is important to use effectively. FACTS is a popular solution to utilize this existing power transmission system by using series compensation by means of the series capacitor to enhance the power transmission capacity as well as voltage stability. This paper explores the utilization of series capacitor applying to the power grid of Eastern part of Bangladesh. For doing this we have considered the analytical calculation of 10% to 85% compensation of that power line. As a result, we have observed that the power transfer capacity has been enhanced about 37 times and it also improve the voltage stability, when the compensation ration is 85%. We consider our calculation mathematically and represent the load curve and voltage profile by plotting in Matlab.
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  • Improved Prediction of Wind Speed using Machine Learning

    Appears in:
    ew 19(23): e2

    Author:
    Senthil Kumar P

    Downloads:
    1859

    Abstract:
    The prediction of wind speed plays a significant role in wind energy systems. An accurate prediction of wind speed is more important for wind energy systems, but it is difficult due to its uncertain nature. This paper presents three artificial neural networks namely, Back Propagation Network (BPN),…The prediction of wind speed plays a significant role in wind energy systems. An accurate prediction of wind speed is more important for wind energy systems, but it is difficult due to its uncertain nature. This paper presents three artificial neural networks namely, Back Propagation Network (BPN), Radial Basis Function (RBF) and Nonlinear AutoRegressive model process with eXogenous inputs (NARX) with Mutual Information (MI) feature selection for wind speed prediction. The MI feature selection identifies the significant features and reduces the complexity of wind speed prediction model without loss of information content. The performance of prediction model is evaluated in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). The results show that the performance of all three neural network models are highly satisfied. Moreover, NARX model with mutual information feature selection is more accurate in dealing with wind speed prediction.
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  • Solar Tilt Angle Optimization of PV Systems for Different Case Studies

    Appears in:
    ew 19(23): e7

    Author:
    Hasan N. Muslim

    Downloads:
    1667

    Abstract:
    The evolution of solar photovoltaic systems (PV) in the last decade has been marvellous around the world. This growing in using of PV technique hinge on the electrical load profile that required to be covered and the rate of the electricity that can be generated from the areas where the solar cells…The evolution of solar photovoltaic systems (PV) in the last decade has been marvellous around the world. This growing in using of PV technique hinge on the electrical load profile that required to be covered and the rate of the electricity that can be generated from the areas where the solar cells to be installed. The production of PV systems is based on the fuel which is represented by the solar radiation. In this study, an algorithm has been proposed to optimize the solar tilt angle based on MATLAB software (m-file) in order to maximize the PV generation. Monthly and annually optimal tilt angles are suggested for different case studies those are: Najaf, California and New Delhi. Also, the estimation of solar radiation for each month is calculated according to their optimal tilt angles. The obtained results indicate that the yearly gain of solar radiation from orientation solar panels is approximately 18% for Najaf city and a high gain values for winter months with very small energy gains for summery months, and so on for other case studies. This proposed algorithm is general program and can be applied for any site on the earth by changing the latitude and longitude of the desired area.
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  • MAC Layer Design for Network-Enabled Visible Light Communication Systems Compliant with IEEE 802.15.7

    Appears in:
    ew 17(14): e5

    Authors:
    Trio Adiono, Syifaul Fuada, Muhamad Luthfi, Rosmianto Aji Saputro

    Downloads:
    1195

    Abstract:
    The design and implementation of medium access control (MAC) layer for network-enabled visible light communication (VLC) system is presented in this paper. The point-to-point link was chosen because of its simple in configuration as well as implementation. Whereas the FPGA Zybo Zynq-7000 is employe…The design and implementation of medium access control (MAC) layer for network-enabled visible light communication (VLC) system is presented in this paper. The point-to-point link was chosen because of its simple in configuration as well as implementation. Whereas the FPGA Zybo Zynq-7000 is employed for prototyping the hardware of VLC system because of it serve a Linux operating system (OS), i.e. Xillinux. Our MAC layer has been realized in Python programming and running above the Zynq-7000 processor. The designed MAC Layer is adapted from IEEE 802.15.7 standard, specifically for delivering and receiving the MAC frames from the coordinator to the device or vice versa, wrapping the IP packets and unwrapping the MAC Frames with MAC headers and trailers, and performing the error detection in which the cyclic redundant check 16 (CRC-16) was selected. According to the functionality test, our proposed VLC system can perform to send the multimedia contents (video and image) as well as data packet for internet accessing purpose like a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) connectivity. Thus, it can be concluded that the implemented MAC layer has met the functionality specifications referred to the IEEE 802.15.7 standard. We also provide the Pseudo-code of designed MAC layer and its Python script (source-code) implementation that can be found in the Appendix section.
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  • Classification of Vehicle Types in Car Parks using Computer Vision Techniques

    Appears in:
    ew 15(7): e5

    Authors:
    Chadly Marouane, Lorenz Schauer, Philipp Bauer

    Downloads:
    1190

    Abstract:
    The growing population of big cities has led to certain issues, such as overloaded car parks. Ubiquitous systems can help to increase the capacity through an efficient usage of existing parking slots. In this case, cars are recognized during the entrance phases in order to guide them automatically …The growing population of big cities has led to certain issues, such as overloaded car parks. Ubiquitous systems can help to increase the capacity through an efficient usage of existing parking slots. In this case, cars are recognized during the entrance phases in order to guide them automatically to a proper slot for space-saving reasons. Prior to this step, it is necessary to determine the size of vehicles. In this work, we analyze different methods for vehicle classification and size measurement using the existing hardware of car parks. Computer vision techniques are applied for extracting information out of video streams of existing security cameras. For streams with lower resolution, a method is introduced figuring out width and height of a car with the help of reference objects. For streams with a higher resolution, a second approach is applied using face recognition algorithms and a training database in order to classify car types. Our evaluation of a real-life scenario at a major German airport showed a small error deviation of just a few centimeters for the fist method. For the type classification approach, an applicable accuracy of over 80 percent with up to 100 percent in certain cases have been achieved. Given these results, the performed methods show high potentials for a suitable determination of vehicles based on installed security cameras.
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  • Green Communications: Techniques and Challenges

    Appears in:
    ew 17(14): e4

    Authors:
    Nabeel Ahmed Malik, Masood Ur-Rehman

    Downloads:
    1187

    Abstract:
    Green technology has drawn a huge amount of attention with the development of the modern world. Similarly with the development in communication technology the industries and researchers are focusing to make this communication as green as possible. In cellular technology the evolution of 5G is the n…Green technology has drawn a huge amount of attention with the development of the modern world. Similarly with the development in communication technology the industries and researchers are focusing to make this communication as green as possible. In cellular technology the evolution of 5G is the next step to fulfil the user demands and it will be available to the users in 2020. This will increase the energy consumption by which will result in excess emission of co2. In this paper different techniques for the green communication technology and some challenges are discussed. These techniques include device-to-device communication (D2D), massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems, heterogeneous networks (HetNets) and Green Internet of Things (IoT).
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  • Incident Management of Information Technology in the Indonesia Higher Education based on COBIT Framework: A Review

    Appears in:
    ew 19(22): e3

    Author:
    Syifaul Fuada

    Downloads:
    1109

    Abstract:
    Nowadays, implementing the IT management in Indonesia Higher Education (HE) has been an integral part of institution management and all business functions, starting from teaching & learning, academic information system, administration & payment system, registration of student’s admission and so on.…Nowadays, implementing the IT management in Indonesia Higher Education (HE) has been an integral part of institution management and all business functions, starting from teaching & learning, academic information system, administration & payment system, registration of student’s admission and so on. Handling incident response is an IT management and evaluation activity that must be done by the HE in Indonesia. Because, this activity is used to control the business sustainability and help perform attempts of betterment. To this matter, a standardized guideline is required so that the management of handling incidents in the HE environment can be performed effectively and efficiently. COBIT framework version 4 has four domains with 34 processes, while the version 5 has five domains with 37 processes. The process of handling incidents in COBIT 5 is discussed in the DSS02 process, namely Manage Service Request, and Incident of DSS domain. Meanwhile, COBIT 4 is discussed in the DS8 process, namely Manage Service Desk and Incidents. This paper reviews the status of management of handling IT incidents in Indonesia HE limited from 2010 to 2016.
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  • Real-Time Simulation Technique of a Microgrid Model for DER Penetration

    Appears in:
    ew 14(2): e2

    Authors:
    Konstantina Mentesidi, Evangelos Rikos, Vasilis Kleftakis

    Downloads:
    1087

    Abstract:
    Comprehensive analysis of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) integration requires tools that provide computational power and flexibility. In this context, throughout this paper PHIL simulations are performed to emulate the energy management system of a real microgrid including a diesel synchronous …Comprehensive analysis of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) integration requires tools that provide computational power and flexibility. In this context, throughout this paper PHIL simulations are performed to emulate the energy management system of a real microgrid including a diesel synchronous machine and inverter-based sources. Moreover, conventional frequency and voltage droops were incorporated into the respective inverters. The results were verified at the real microgrid installation in the Centre for Renewable Energy Sources (CRES) premises. This research work is divided into two steps: A) Real time in RSCAD/RTDS and Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL) simulations where the diesel generator´s active power droop control is evaluated, the battery inverter´s droop curves are simulated and the load sharing for parallel operation of the system´s generation units is examined. B) microgrid experiments during which various tests were executed concerning the diesel generator and the battery inverters in order to examine their dynamic operation within the LV islanded power system.
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  • Complex Systems Engineering: designing in sociotechnical systems for the energy transition

    Appears in:
    ew 17(11): e1

    Authors:
    J. A. Moncada, E. H. Park Lee, G.D.C. Nava Guerrero, O. Okur, S.T. Chakraborty, Z. Lukszo

    Downloads:
    956

    Abstract:
    The EU has set ambitious targets for an energy transition. While research often focuses on technology, institutions or actors, a transition requires complex coordination and comprehensive analysis and design. We propose a framework accounting for technology, institutions and actors’ perspective to …The EU has set ambitious targets for an energy transition. While research often focuses on technology, institutions or actors, a transition requires complex coordination and comprehensive analysis and design. We propose a framework accounting for technology, institutions and actors’ perspective to design in socio-technical systems. We present its application, firstly, to biodiesel production in Germany; secondly, to vehicle-to-grid contracts in a Car as a Power Plant microgrid. We show how using the framework as the core in modelling can contribute to the performance improvement of these systems. Future work will elaborate on the next generation of thermal energy systems, coordination control of microgrids and implementing flexibility through demand response aggregation. Overall, designing solutions to the problems described calls for comprehensive engineers who look beyond the technical design and deal with multi actor socio-political processes including institutional consideration.
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Publisher
EAI
ISSN
2032-944X
Number of Volumes
8
Last Published
2021-05-05