EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web is an open access, peer-reviewed scholarly journal focused on topics ranging from ‘smart dust’ to hybrid networks capable of controlling the emergence of dependable and reliable green and energy-efficient ecosystems. The journal publishes research articles, review articles and editorials with a quarterly frequency. Authors are not charged for article submission and processing.

Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ghazanfar Safdar and Iosif Breido

Aims & Scope
Indexing
Editors in Chief
Editorial Board
Special Issues

With ICT pervading everyday objects and infrastructures, the ‘Future Internet’ is envisioned to undergo a radical transformation from how we know it today (a mere communication highway) into a vast hybrid network seamlessly integrating knowledge, people and machines into techno-social ecosystems whose behaviour transcends the boundaries of today’s engineering science. As the internet of things continues to grow, billions and trillions of data bytes need to be moved, stored and shared. The energy thus consumed and the climate impact of data centers are increasing dramatically, thereby becoming significant contributors to global warming and climate change. As reported recently, the combined electricity consumption of the world’s data centers has already exceeded that of some of the world's top ten economies. In the ensuing process of integrating traditional and renewable energy, monitoring and managing various energy sources, and processing and transferring technological information through various channels, IT will undoubtedly play an ever-increasing and central role. Several technologies are currently racing to production to meet this challenge, from ‘smart dust’ to hybrid networks capable of controlling the emergence of dependable and reliable green and energy-efficient ecosystems – which we generically term the ‘energy web’ – calling for major paradigm shifts highly disruptive of the ways the energy sector functions today.

The EAI Transactions on Energy Web are positioned at the forefront of these efforts and provide a forum for the most forward-looking, state-of-the-art research bringing together the cross section of IT and Energy communities. The journal will publish original works reporting on prominent advances that challenge traditional thinking.

The EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web topics include but are not limited to:

Green Data Centres and Data Storage
Greener Smart Homes
Green Smart Cities
Greener Secure Web Transactions
Energy Systems Modelling
Energy Efficient Virtualized Systems
Energy Efficient DSA (for CR Networks, D2D/M2M)
Energy Efficient LAA (Licensed Assisted Access for 5G)
Energy Aware Interference Mitigation in 4G Networks
Energy Conservation and Mangement Strategies
Telemetry and Power Engineering Based on Self-Organising Networks with Combined Information Transmission Channels
Transportation and Electric Vehicles
Green Communication Protocols
Energy Efficient Routing Protocols
Physical Layer Techniques for Energy Efficiency
Energy Efficient Device-to-Device (D2D) Communications
Energy-Aware Design for Small Cells and HetNets
Energy Efficient Algorithms and Scheduling Techniques
Green Massive MIMO Techniques
Cross-Layer Energy Efficiency Optimisation
Standardisation for Green Communications and Networking
Energy Efficient and Secure Implementation of Cryptographic Protocols
Lightweight Cryptography
Monitoring and Management of Energy Supply
Online Learning Technologies in the Energy Sector
Power Systems Regulations
Power Systems Transmission Management
Supply Chain Energy Management

Call for Papers: Special issue on: Energy Conservation, Information Technologies and Large Scale Optimization (Manuscript submission deadline: 2020-03-27; Notification of acceptance: 2020-04-30; Submission of final revised paper: 2020-06-30; Publication of special issue (tentative): 2020-07-17)

Guest editors: Prof. Felix Martinez-Rios (Universidad Panamericana, Mexico)

Guest editors: Prof. Jose Antonio Marmolejo-Saucedo (Universidad Panamericana, Mexico)

Guest editors: Prof. Roman Rodriguez-Aguilar (Universidad Panamericana, Mexico)

João Luiz Afonso (University of Minho, Portugal)
Chi-Hua Chen (Fuzhou University, China)
Abdul Shabeer (IBM India Pvt Ltd, India)
Baozhi Chen (Rutgers University, USA)
Amando P. Singun, Jr. (Higher College of Technology, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman)
Andrey Mazalov (South Federal University, Russia)
Duckki Lee (Yonam Institute of Technology, South Korea)
H. Anandakumar (Sri Eshwar College of Engineering, India)
Houda Chihi (ISAMM University, Tunisie)
Howard Njoku (University of Nigeria, Nigeria)
José Gabriel Oliveira Pinto (University of Minho, Portugal)
Kale Sandip Achutrao (Trinity College of Engineering and Research, India)
Marta Chinnici (ENEA-Italian National Agency for New technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Italy)
P. Venkata Krishna (Sri Padmavati Mahila University, India)
Vítor Duarte Fernandes Monteiro (University of Minho, Portugal)
S. Karthikumar (Ilahia College of Engineering & Technology, India)
Utku Kose (Süleyman Demirel University, Turkey)
Satish Kumar Kansal (Baba Hira Singh Bhattal Institute of Engineering & Technology, India)
J. Jacinth Poornima (NIIT Qatar, Qatar)
Elena Gebel (Omsk State Technical University, Russia)
Irina Yuryevna Semykina (Kuzbass State Technical University, Kemerovo, Russia)
Manik Sharma (DAV University Jalandhar, India)
Mikhail Medvedev (Southern Federal University, Russia)
Sabu M Thampi (Center for Research and Innovation in Cyber Threat Resilience (CRICTR), India)
Vladimir Dyo (University of Bedfordshire, UK)
Velliangiri. S (CMR Institute of Technology, India)
Vyacheslav Potekhin (Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Russia)

Ghazanfar Safdar¹

Ghazanfar A. Safdar received his B.Sc Hons. in Electrical Engineering from University of Engineering and Technology, Pakistan, and his M.Eng in Computer Science and Telecommunications from ENSIMAG, INPG, France. He was awarded a PhD from Queen’s University Belfast, UK, in 2005 for his work in the area of power-saving MAC protocols for the IEEE 802.11 family of wireless LANs. Moreover, he has worked as Research Fellow at Queen’s University Belfast on a project related to Wireless Networks security funded by EPSRC grant EP/C006976/1. Currently, he is working as Senior Lecturer in Computer Networking at the University of Bedfordshire, UK. His research interests mainly include cognitive radio networks, energy saving MAC protocols, security protocols for wireless networks, LTE networks, interference mitigation, device-to-device communications, network modelling and performance analysis. He has also worked as R&D Engineer with Carrier Telephone Industries (SIEMENS), Pakistan, and Schlumberger, France.

Iosif Breido²

Iosif Breido received the engineering degree from the Leningrad Electrotechnical Institute (USSR) in 1971. He served as a navy officer in the Pacific fleet. He worked in the Karaganda Department of the Institute of mining. In 1983 he received the academic degree of candidate of technical sciences for his work in the field of controlled electric drive of conveyors in coal mines. In 1996 he received the degree of doctor of technical Sciences, at the Ural mining and geological Academy (Yekaterinburg, Russia) for research in the field of dynamics of controlled multi-motor electric drives of mining machines, interconnected through the working body. He participated in the creation and modernization of thyristor electric drives of conveyors, coal combines, aggregates of metallurgical production. In recent years, he directs the establishment of systems for protection and diagnostics of electrical equipment and high-voltage transmission lines, including systems remote Internet monitoring with the use of different telemetry channels in the conditions of strong interference from induced electromagnetic fields.

1: University of Bedfordshire, UK
2: Karaganda State Technical University

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Hybrid Algorithm Based on Hyper Spectral Noise Removal for Satellite Image
Appears in:
ew 18: e12

Author:
N. Hema Rajini

Published:
26th Mar 2020

Abstract:
Usually the image obtained from a sensor is blurred by noise. Such noises are identified and eliminated by the procedure called denoising. The cross breed (Hybrid) algorithm is a popular technique that has been utilized recently. The Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) and Discrete Wave Transforma…Usually the image obtained from a sensor is blurred by noise. Such noises are identified and eliminated by the procedure called denoising. The cross breed (Hybrid) algorithm is a popular technique that has been utilized recently. The Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) and Discrete Wave Transformation (DWT) are the generally utilized transform in which discrete cosine transformation requires less energy and computation resource and discrete wavelet transformation has multiple transformations. This Hybrid Algorithm combines the twin benefits of both the transformation and thus eliminates the negative contour and blocks the traces completely. The effectiveness of the proposed hybrid Algorithm is verified with different pictures by finding the average Squared Blunder, PSNR, Variance, architectural resemblance Index and average architectural resemblance Index.
more »
Developing a Mathematical Model of a Horizontal Looper Taking into Account the Features of a Steel Strip
Appears in:
ew 18: e11

Authors:
Ye. V. Kuntush, I. V. Breido, А. М. Zyuzev

Published:
26th Mar 2020

Abstract:
Modern cold rolling mills include devices that form a reserve of strip to ensure the continuous operation of the line. Such devices include a horizontal looper containing a direct current drive. The disadvantage of the existing horizontal looper is significant oscillations of the metal strip in the…Modern cold rolling mills include devices that form a reserve of strip to ensure the continuous operation of the line. Such devices include a horizontal looper containing a direct current drive. The disadvantage of the existing horizontal looper is significant oscillations of the metal strip in the process of its filling, with the maximum amplitude of oscillations occurring when the strip is completely filled. To study the oscillatory processes in the strip, a model of an electromechanical system has been developed. The necessity of taking into account mechanical properties of the steel strip in the development of a model of an electromechanical system has been substantiated. Mathematical and simulation models of a horizontal looper were developed in two extreme positions. The simulation models have been implemented in the MatLab software package. The results of simulation studies showed satisfactory convergence of the experiments with the physical process.
more »
Experimental system design for online characterization and performance analysis of PV module under distinguish environmental conditions
Appears in:
ew 18: e10

Authors:
Rahul Anand, Yogesh K. Chauhan, Vinod Yadav, Rupendra Pachauri

Published:
23rd Mar 2020

Abstract:
This paper is a novel attempt to evaluate the performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules using current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) characteristics. Numerous significant performance parameters, such as open-circuit voltage, shortcircuit current, maximum power point (MPP), fill factor (FF) an…This paper is a novel attempt to evaluate the performance of photovoltaic (PV) modules using current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) characteristics. Numerous significant performance parameters, such as open-circuit voltage, shortcircuit current, maximum power point (MPP), fill factor (FF) and efficiency, are evaluated under various environmental conditions during the investigation. In order to capture online solar electrical parameters, a low-budget test rig is developed using Arduino-assisted supporting components and interfaced with the MATLAB Graphical User Interface (GUI) environment to demonstrate experimental I-V and P-V characteristics. The performance assessment is conducted for three naturally available dust samples categorized using types and weights. In addition, reflectors are often used to boost the efficiency of clean and dusty modules for comprehensive comparison. The present study is useful for three aspects: designing a low-cost PV analyser; choosing the location of the solar power plant; and enhancing the efficiency of the current solar plant.
more »
Multi-Document Summarization using CS-ABC Optimization Algorithm
Appears in:
ew 18: e9

Authors:
K. Chandra Kumar, Sudhakar Nagalla

Published:
19th Mar 2020

Abstract:
In revolve handle to the information excess, the dramatic boost up documents, on the WWW, show the way of the accessibility of various credentials through the equal subject with conception. Within a limited time, a hard to inquire a suitable a particular document associated to a specific topic to f…In revolve handle to the information excess, the dramatic boost up documents, on the WWW, show the way of the accessibility of various credentials through the equal subject with conception. Within a limited time, a hard to inquire a suitable a particular document associated to a specific topic to fulfils user’s compound data conditions. Hence, we have followed an effective document summarization system applying SVM classifier strategy by this paper. For choosing optimal sentence sets, the proposed technique applies the hybrid ABC-CS optimization algorithm. Further, established on few relevant features, SVM classifier approach is applied in finding the summary by ranking each of the optimal sentences. The operational proposal of JAVA and the results were examined for the methodology is implemented.
more »
GPGPU based Multi-hive ABC Algorithm for Constrained Global Optimization Problems
Appears in:
ew 18: e8

Authors:
Sandeep U. Mane, Amol C. Adamuthe, Aprupa S. Pawar

Published:
14th Feb 2020

Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: The artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is a nature-inspired technique used for solving different optimization problems. This paper presents a multi-hive ABC algorithm for solving constrained benchmark functions of CEC2006. The CEC2006 data set contains the global benchmark functi…INTRODUCTION: The artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is a nature-inspired technique used for solving different
optimization problems. This paper presents a multi-hive ABC algorithm for solving constrained benchmark functions of
CEC2006. The CEC2006 data set contains the global benchmark functions with different design variables, number and type
of constraints.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of the proposed work is to design and apply the GPGPU based multi-hive ABC algorithm to
solve constrained optimization problems.

METHODS: The proposed approach is a multi-population coarse-grained system implemented using General Purpose
Graphics Processing Unit (GPGPU). The performance of the proposed approach is compared with the serial ABC algorithm
for eleven benchmark functions and results in the literature. The multi-hive ABC algorithm has multiple hives, each running
separate ABC algorithm on different cores of GPGPU.

RESULTS: The proposed approach provides global best solutions in significantly reduced time for all benchmark functions.
The speed-up obtained is approximately 7X to 9X. The GPGPU device utilization is approximately 57% to 91%.

CONCLUSION: The GPGPU based multi-hive ABC algorithm is a found good with respect to best results, speed up factor
and GPU utilization to solve constrained optimization problems.
more »
Solving the Problem of Balancing and Complete Compensation of Reactive Power for a Three-Phase Power Supply System
Appears in:
ew 18: e7

Authors:
D. Shymuk, A. Hnatov, Shch. Arhun, S. Ponikarovska, V. Mygal, N. Kunicina

Published:
6th Feb 2020

Abstract:
The paper deals with the development and study of the method to determine the parameters of the balancing devices of three-phase power supply systems, based on the analysis of the system operation mode with the subsequent graphoanalytical determination of the parameters of balancing and full comp…The paper deals with the development and study of the method to determine the parameters of the balancing devices of
three-phase power supply systems, based on the analysis of the system operation mode with the subsequent
graphoanalytical determination of the parameters of balancing and full compensation of reactive power. Complex methods
of analysis of linear electrical circuits are used. The proposed method allows obtaining in a graphoanalytical way a
numerical solution to the problem of balancing currents in a line and compensation of reactive power in a three-phase
power supply system with an asymmetric load. The calculation results show that the application of the proposed method
initiates significant balancing of currents in the lines of a three-phase power supply system. The unbalance coefficient in
the reverse sequence decreased from 32.9% to 1.25%. The phase difference between the voltage vectors of the phase EMF
and currents does not exceed 0.7 electrical degrees.
more »
Optimized Geographic Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Network Using Gray Wolf Optimization
Appears in:
ew 18: e6

Authors:
Vimalnath S., Ravi G.

Published:
31st Jan 2020

Abstract:
The geographic routing protocol (GRP) in general seeks the location of sensor nodes to decide the routing path in mobile ad hoc network. This increases the routing overhead while finding the location of nodes. On other hand, the GRP undergoes location inaccuracy and routing void problem. In order…The geographic routing protocol (GRP) in general seeks the location of sensor nodes to decide the routing path in
mobile ad hoc network. This increases the routing overhead while finding the location of nodes. On other hand, the
GRP undergoes location inaccuracy and routing void problem. In order to resolve this, in this paper, Gray Wolf
Optimization (GWO) is used. This GWO is responsible for proper selection of nodes selected by GRP based on the
parameters and selection criteria in order to forward the packets to the next forwarding nodes to reach its destination.
The simulation is carried out effectively between the GWO-GRP and existing ACO and fuzzy based GRP with
varying network densities. The simulation results show that the GWO-GRP method achieves reduced average delay,
increased network lifetime and reduced energy consumption than other methods. Further, it avoids the problems
associated with GRP i.e. the location inaccuracy and routing void problem.
more »
A 2D numerical simulation of blade twist effect on the aerodynamic performance of an asymmetric blade vertical axis wind turbine in low wind speed
Appears in:
ew 18: e5

Authors:
Hussain Mahamed Sahed Mostafa Mazarbhuiya, Agnimitra Biswas, Kaushal Kumar Sharma

Published:
30th Jan 2020

Abstract:
For urban areas, small-scale vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is a promising energy harvester due to its compact structure. However, VAWT’s performance is inferior in low wind speed of urban environment. Selection of proper design and operational parameters can give a desirable power output unde…For urban areas, small-scale vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is a promising energy harvester due to its compact
structure. However, VAWT’s performance is inferior in low wind speed of urban environment. Selection of proper design
and operational parameters can give a desirable power output under such condition. In this paper, effect of trailing edge
blade twist on aerodynamic performance of an asymmetric blade H-Darrieus VAWT at a wind speed (6.0 m/s) is
investigated using 2D numerical simulation. Important aerodynamic parameters considering blade twists have been
analysed. Although blade twist has not increased power coefficient magnificently, the same is improved with blade twist
of 1º. However, further increase of the latter reduces the turbine performance. A maximum power coefficient of 0.171 is
obtained at tip speed ratio 2.4 for 1º blade twist configuration. Hence, the present study shows that blade twist should be
very low for low wind speed application of H-Darrieus VAWT.
more »
Determining the Degree of Increasing Locomotive Diesel Economic Efficiency by Modernization of the Speed Controller
Appears in:
ew 18: e4

Authors:
A. Bogajevskiy, Shch. Arhun, V. Dvadnenko, S. Ponikarovska

Published:
30th Jan 2020

Abstract:
The powerful means of improving the economy of locomotives during modernization is introduction of electric speed and power controllers, including the ability to control the moment of the fuel supply start. In the depot of the South Railway (Kharkiv, Ukraine), the electronic controller for the sp…The powerful means of improving the economy of locomotives during modernization is introduction of electric speed and
power controllers, including the ability to control the moment of the fuel supply start. In the depot of the South Railway
(Kharkiv, Ukraine), the electronic controller for the speed and power of the diesel generator and standard hydraulic speed
and power controller were compared by operational tests at two sections of the freight mainline locomotive of 2TE116
type. The tests were being carried out under real operating conditions during 1-year period. The results showed reduction
in fuel consumption in operation up to 6% on a diesel generator equipped with an electronic controller. The rate of the
increased operational fuel economy can be given in technical materials only in relative units. The obtained results can be
used in substantiating the application of various technical control and management systems.
more »
A neural regulator for efficient control of electric vehicle motors
Appears in:
ew 18: e3

Authors:
O. Nepomnyashchiy, F. Kazakov, D. Ostroverkhov, A. Tarasov, N. Sirotinina

Published:
24th Jan 2020

Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: A number of promising designs of electric vehicles use separate wheeled motors. In this case, an important task of designing a power supply system is to provide effective control of electric motors and battery charge / discharge modes. OBJECTIVES: The paper considers the problem …INTRODUCTION: A number of promising designs of electric vehicles use separate wheeled motors. In this case, an
important task of designing a power supply system is to provide effective control of electric motors and battery charge /
discharge modes.

OBJECTIVES: The paper considers the problem of determining optimal coefficients of the electric motor proportionalintegral (PI) controller and their influence on the power distribution in the electric vehicle on-board power supply system.

METHODS: It is proposed to implement separate adaptive control of electric motors, taking into account conditions of
operating, road surface, and other factors. There are introduced two options for the motor controller implementation: an
adaptive PI-controller and an intelligent PI-controller with an adaptive observer based on a neural network.

RESULTS: The simulation results show that the adaptive PI-controller provides a reduction in the transient duration, but
insufficient energy efficiency. Intelligent PI controller on the base of neuroregulator provides 2 times reduction of
transition time, reduction of energy losses and engine overshoot.

CONCLUSION: The use of the neuroregulator makes it possible to automatically select and adjust PI controller
coefficients. In addition, the proposed control method reduces inrush currents and torque spikes, that prolongs the service
life of mechanical components. During motor operation, the neural network can continue learning and adjusting PIcontroller coefficients to changes in operating conditions (for example, seasonal) and motor parameters. Assumed
outcomes of this solution will be improving electric vehicle characteristics, increasing mileage and battery life time, and
prospective transition to an electronic differential.
more »
A fireworks algorithm based Pi-Sigma neural network (FWA-PSNN) for modelling and forecasting chaotic crude oil price time series
Appears in:
ew 18: e2

Author:
Sarat Chandra Nayak

Published:
24th Jan 2020

Abstract:
Capturing the complex correlations among the data on the crude oil price time series is challenging, hence accurate prediction of it is difficult. Contrast to multilayer artificial neural network, Pi-Sigma neural network (PSNN) is characterized with stronger approximation ability, fast learning a…Capturing the complex correlations among the data on the crude oil price time series is challenging, hence accurate
prediction of it is difficult. Contrast to multilayer artificial neural network, Pi-Sigma neural network (PSNN) is
characterized with stronger approximation ability, fast learning and higher fault tolerance. Fireworks algorithm (FWA) is a
new metaheuristic motivated from the occurrence of fireworks explosion, characterized with fast convergence capability,
parallelism and finds global optima. This article intends to achieve the synergetic effect of both on hybridizing them. It
uses FWA for optimization of weight and bias of PSNN (FWA-PSNN) and overcomes the limitations of gradient based
training. It has single hidden layer structure and trainable weight, hence fast and robust. The FWA-PSNN is evaluated on
prediction of crude oil price time series. Extensive simulation results, performance analysis, and statistical significance test
suggested the suitability of FWA-PSNN.
more »
RoadSpeedSense: Context-Aware Speed Profiling from Smart-phone Sensors
Appears in:
ew 18: e1

Authors:
Ratna Mandal, Pallav Sonowal, Manish Kumar, Sujoy Saha, Subrata Nandi

Published:
24th Jan 2020

Abstract:
INTRODUCTION: There are several online mapping systems like Google Maps, Waze, Here, Apple Maps, Bing Maps, etc. which are developed to visualize real-time traffic conditions which rely on crowdsourced GPS trails; obtained from worldwide smartphone users. Such systems still suffer from some limitat…INTRODUCTION: There are several online mapping systems like Google Maps, Waze, Here, Apple Maps, Bing Maps, etc. which are developed to visualize real-time traffic conditions which rely on crowdsourced GPS trails; obtained from worldwide smartphone users. Such systems still suffer from some limitations like a) inadequate traffic information in suburban cities and rural zones, b) system failure to infer the proper reasons for slow traffic state, c) difficulties in the
extraction of raw traffic data for further development of any customized application. Significant spatio-temporal similarity patterns are observed in city traffic behavior unless there are some exceptional events like any disaster, VIP visit, international cricket match or bad weather condition, etc.

OBJECTIVES: Designing a framework and developing a system which enables collection of raw sensor information from users and to identify a model to generate a speed profile of city roads using historical logs as well as to infer the context of slow traffic based on ambient subjective road features and to provide map visualization.

METHODS: We have used road surface quality, density of vehicles, type of neighborhood and road geometry for developing speed profile for a particular road segment. We have carried out the experiments on different classification algorithms like, K-nearest Neighbor(KNN), Decision Tree(DT), Random Forest(RF) and Gradient Boost(GB) with necessary tuning of parameters.

RESULTS: GB outperforms other classification algorithms in estimating the speed class of road segments among all classifier algorithms with highest F1- Score of 0.8345. A fair driver rating system which can be derived from our results.

CONCLUSION: The results obtained from the proposed novel framework provide a proof of concept that speed profiles may be successfully derived from ambient road features even when sample space is sparse.
more »

Parametric synthesis of the system of automatic stabilization of a bus movement direction
Appears in:
ew 20(26): e10

Authors:
Ye. Aleksandrov, Shch. Arhun, S. Ponikarovska

Published:
30th Jan 2020

Abstract:
Vehicle stabilization is one of the components of traffic safety, so research and development in this area are relevant and in demand. In this work, a structural diagram of a closed system of automatic stabilization of the bus movement direction is developed. Parametric synthesis of the systems o…Vehicle stabilization is one of the components of traffic safety, so research and development in this area are relevant and in
demand. In this work, a structural diagram of a closed system of automatic stabilization of the bus movement direction is
developed. Parametric synthesis of the systems of a moving electric bus stabilization is made and the weighty coefficients
of the additive integral quadratic functional are chosen. An algorithmic method of parametric synthesis of motion
stabilization systems of a moving electric bus has been developed. By way of a sensing element it is advised to use a
platformless inertial system containing three gyroscopic angular velocity sensors and a computing device. It is also
suggested that three sensors of linear acceleration of the housing relative to the same axes are used. The results of the
research enable to develop a simple, fast-acting and sensitive to external perturbations system of stabilization of the bus
movement direction.
more »
Feasibility Study Of Rooftop Photovoltaic Power System For A Research Institute Towards Green Building In Vietnam
Appears in:
ew 20(26): e9

Authors:
Vu Minh Phap, Nguyen Thuy Nga

Published:
30th Jan 2020

Abstract:
Use of renewable power technology in urban area can help the buildings to minimize the carbon footprint, meet the electricity needs and achieve the nearly zero-energy building. In this study, the design results of the rooftop grid-tied PV power system with the capacity of 56.7kW for a research in…Use of renewable power technology in urban area can help the buildings to minimize the carbon footprint, meet the
electricity needs and achieve the nearly zero-energy building. In this study, the design results of the rooftop grid-tied PV
power system with the capacity of 56.7kW for a research institute building in Vietnam are analyzed. The study results
have calculated the electricity generation, performance of the rooftop grid-tied PV power system as well as reduction
potential of the amount of CO2 emitted into the environment. The design results of the rooftop grid-tied PV power system
for a research institute building will be compared with the actual power generation results of an installed rooftop grid-tied
PV power system at a building of General Directorate of Energy - Vietnam Ministry of Industry and Trade in the same
city.
more »
System Approach to the Evaluation of the Traction Electric Motor Quality
Appears in:
ew 20(26): e8

Authors:
Shch. Arhun, V. Migal, A. Hnatov, H. Hnatova, O. Ulyanets

Published:
14th Jan 2020

Abstract:
The electric motor (EM) is one of the main components of any system. The EM quality is set at the design and manufacturing stages, and its technical condition is maintained during operation. Therefore, the development of methods for the EM quality determining at its all life cycle stages is urgen…The electric motor (EM) is one of the main components of any system. The EM quality is set at the design and
manufacturing stages, and its technical condition is maintained during operation. Therefore, the development of methods
for the EM quality determining at its all life cycle stages is urgent. In the paper, for the first time, we proposed the system
approach to traction EM quality estimation on the vibration parameter basis. This approach differs in that the study of EM
vibration is carried out in 1/3 octave spectrum of frequencies from 50 Hz to 10 kHz (dB), which allows revealing all
existing faults or "weak places" of EM. This method is universal for all types of EM. It is based on the results of the largescale experiments using the system analysis and the objectives tree method and allows combining individual problem
solutions to improve the quality of design, manufacture, and operation of EM into a single integrated system of quality
assessment.
more »
Design of Hybrid Microgrid PV/Wind/Diesel/Battery System: Case Study for Rabat and Baghdad
Appears in:
ew 20(26): e7

Authors:
M. Kharrich, O. H. Mohammed, M. Akherraz

Published:
14th Jan 2020

Abstract:
The hybrid small grid system is a solution to many economic and environmental problems. The pre-feasibility of the project is a necessary step to validate the implementation of any project. Microgrid hybrid systems (consisting of PV, wind turbines, diesel generators, and battery storage) were exami…The hybrid small grid system is a solution to many economic and environmental problems. The pre-feasibility of the project is a necessary step to validate the implementation of any project. Microgrid hybrid systems (consisting of PV, wind turbines, diesel generators, and battery storage) were examined in two countries to determine their optimal economic and size. In this paper, the technical-economic was implemented as an objective function based on net present cost NPC, with respecting many constraints such as LPSP, availability, and the renewable fraction. The optimization performed using a smart and efficient algorithm called the PSO algorithm. The results indicate that the building of a microgrid hybrid system in Baghdad is more economical compared to Rabat with the same corresponding components of renewable energies and load capacity. The resulting total showed that the cost of the project reached 31K dollars for the city of Baghdad, while the cost touched 43K dollars for the city of Rabat.
more »
A Three-Level Ransomware Detection and Prevention Mechanism
Appears in:
ew 20(26): e6

Authors:
Amos Loh Yee Ren, Chong Tze Liang, Im Jun Hyug, Sarfraz Nawaz Broh, NZ Jhanjhi

Published:
14th Jan 2020

Abstract:
Ransomware encrypts victim’s files or locks users out of the system. Victims will have to pay the attacker a ransom to decrypt and regain access to the user files. Petya targets individuals and companies through email attachments and download links. NotPetya has worm-like capabilities and exploits …Ransomware encrypts victim’s files or locks users out of the system. Victims will have to pay the attacker a ransom to decrypt and regain access to the user files. Petya targets individuals and companies through email attachments and download links. NotPetya has worm-like capabilities and exploits EternalBlue and EternalRomance vulnerabilities. Protection methods include vaccination, applying patches, et cetera. Challenges faced to combat ransomware include
social engineering, outdated infrastructures, technological advancements, backup issues, and conflicts of standards. ThreeLevel Security (3LS) is a solution to ransomware that utilizes virtual machines along with browser extensions to perform a
scan, on any files that the user wishes to download from the Internet. The downloaded files would be sent over a cloud server relay to a virtual machine by a browser extension. Any changes to the virtual machine after downloading the file would be observed, and if there were a malfunction in the virtual machine, the file would not be retrieved to the user’s system.
more »
Criminal Network Community Detection Using Graphical Analytic Methods: A Survey
Appears in:
ew 20(26): e5

Authors:
Theyvaa Sangkaran, Azween Abdullah, NZ. JhanJhi

Published:
14th Jan 2020

Abstract:
Criminal networks analysis has attracted several numbers of researchers as network analysis gained its popularity among professionals and researchers. In this study, we have presented a comprehensive review of community detection methods based on graph analysis. The concept of community was vividly…Criminal networks analysis has attracted several numbers of researchers as network analysis gained its popularity among professionals and researchers. In this study, we have presented a comprehensive review of community detection methods based on graph analysis. The concept of community was vividly discussed as well as the algorithms for detecting communities within a network. Broad categorization of community detection algorithms was also discussed as well as a thorough review of detection algorithms which has been developed, implemented and evaluated by several authors in social network analysis. Most importantly, a strict review of researches based on the detection of
a community in a criminal network was carried out revealing the strength and limitations of criminal network community detection methods. Thus, it
becomes obvious through this study that more research activities is necessary and expected in order to further grow this research area.
more »
Hybrid Best-Fit Heuristic for Energy Efficient Virtual Machine Placement in Cloud Data Centers
Appears in:
ew 20(26): e4

Authors:
Saikishor Jangiti, Vijayakumar V, Subramaniyaswamy V

Published:
14th Jan 2020

Abstract:
Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) offers Information Technology services like infrastructure and software to users on a pay as you go basis. Energy consumption is one of the significant challenges faced by Cloud Service Providers (CSP). Virtual Machine (VM) placement is an energy-efficient practice pe…Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) offers Information Technology services like infrastructure and software to users on a pay as you go basis. Energy consumption is one of the significant challenges faced by Cloud Service Providers (CSP). Virtual Machine (VM) placement is an energy-efficient practice performed in the cloud datacenters. Best-Fit Decreasing (BFD) is
a VM placement and is known to give a near-optimal solution in a reasonable time by sorting the VMs in decreasing order. We propose a Hybrid Best-Fit (HBF) Heuristic for VM placements. Experimental results show that HBF is consuming 2.516% and 3.392% less energy compared to Best-Fit and BFD heuristics.
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Cloud Algebra: An Innovative Approach for Managing Resources, Services and Big Data on Clouds
Appears in:
ew 20(26): e3

Authors:
Mohd Abdul Ahad, Gautami Tripathi, Sara Paiva

Published:
14th Jan 2020

Abstract:
In the current era of technological advancements, cloud computing is considered as one of the most promising computing paradigms. It is cost-effective, energy efficient, scalable and is location independent. In simple terms, a cloud computing technology provides various computing tools, facilities …In the current era of technological advancements, cloud computing is considered as one of the most promising computing paradigms. It is cost-effective, energy efficient, scalable and is location independent. In simple terms, a cloud computing technology provides various computing tools, facilities and mechanisms as a service to the end user. A user can opt for using these services as a pay-per-use model. This technology is indeed highly cost-effective, environment friendly and is a
preferred option for those who don’t want to spend much on infrastructures, platforms or physical space required for setting up the enterprise. Cloud computing technology provides services like Software-as-a-Service (SaaS), Platform-as-aService (PaaS), Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Computing-as-a-Service (CaaS) etc. Recently a new service called
DaaS (Data-as-a-Service) has also emerged in which data is provided as a service to the users. This paper proposes a concept of creating algebra for the cloud computing environment called as cloud algebra (CA). Using the proposed cloud algebra we can perform several basic mathematical functions like addition, deletion, union, intersection and other aggregate functions on clouds directly. This means that using the proposed cloud algebra, two or more clouds can be
added. One cloud may be joined with other clouds and two or more clouds can be compared and so on. Furthermore, the data stored on the clouds can also be effectively and efficiently managed using the proposed cloud algebra. Along with the data, the cloud services and resources can also be managed in a much effective and efficient manner using the proposed
cloud algebra.
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Assessing E3 impacts of RES integration using residential consumer’s willingness to invest in PV systems
Appears in:
ew 20(25): e8

Authors:
Joana S. L. da Figueira, Dulce H.C. Coelho, Fernando J.P. Lopes

Published:
7th Jan 2020

Abstract:
This paper presents an assessment of the Economic, Energy and Environmental (E3) impacts of different scenarios related to the penetration of renewable energy systems in an urban context. For this purpose, Coimbra, a medium sized Portuguese city, has been chosen as decision-making set. The results …This paper presents an assessment of the Economic, Energy and Environmental (E3) impacts of different scenarios related to the penetration of renewable energy systems in an urban context. For this purpose, Coimbra, a medium sized Portuguese city, has been chosen as decision-making set. The results of a survey aiming at analysing and evaluating the perceptions and
willingness to invest in residential photovoltaic systems, along with a technical and economic evaluation of different photovoltaic systems focusing on the installed power, together with the data characterizing the housing stock of the city, have been used for the definition and analysis of three scenarios. The obtained results, pointing to a relatively small contribution from the photovoltaic component to the overall city residential electricity consumption, may be considered by electricity operators and can help policy-makers to define stronger measures to support the installation of residential renewable energy systems.
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Towards low-carbon energy state in South Africa: a survey of energy availability and sustainability
Appears in:
ew 20(26): e2

Authors:
Paul A. Adedeji, Stephen Akinlabi, Nkosinathi Madushele, Obafemi O. Olatunji

Published:
22nd Nov 2019

Abstract:
The drive towards low-carbon economy in South Africa has necessitated alternative energy sources for electricity generation. More alternative sources have evolved in recent times with a view to making energy available to all and sundry. However, asides proliferation of these sources and extensions …The drive towards low-carbon economy in South Africa has necessitated alternative energy sources for electricity generation. More alternative sources have evolved in recent times with a view to making energy available to all and sundry. However, asides proliferation of these sources and extensions in form of micro-grids, the questions of increased availability and
sustainability has become a growing concern. This survey investigates the state of the renewable energy system in South Africa with focus on the elements, which enhance energy availability and sustainability in the emerging transition to a lowcarbon economy. Case studies of other countries were reviewed and considered in the South African context. It was observed that energy availability on the journey to the low-carbon economy is influenced by physical, climatic, human, prosumer concept and political factors. In sustaining the transition and progressing to a green economy, intelligent use of data from power generation, transmission, and distribution sectors for intelligent data-driven decision-making processes was also found
as essential. As part of the sustainability roadmap, efficiency at the end-user side of the value chain and a system thinking paradigm in the harvesting of renewable energy sources (RES) and formulation of supporting policies were also identified. In the overall, the study reveals that South Africa is replete with abundance of RES, however, their continuous availability and sustainability depends on joint interventions of both stakeholders and the government with viable environment for the growth of the sector.
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Calculation of the Levelised Cost of Electrical Energy Storage for Short-Duration Application. LCOS Sensitivity Analysis
Appears in:
ew 19(21): e2

Authors:
Vikenty Melnikov, Gleb Nesterenko, Anton Potapenko, Dmitry Lebedev

Downloads:
1262

Abstract:
This paper research the issues of economic comparison of electrical energy storage systems based on the levelised cost of storage (LCOS). One of the proposed formulas for LCOS calculation was given, the parameters to be considered and the basic principles of their calculation were examined in detai…This paper research the issues of economic comparison of electrical energy storage systems based on the levelised cost of storage (LCOS). One of the proposed formulas for LCOS calculation was given, the parameters to be considered and the basic principles of their calculation were examined in detail. The LCOS was calculated for an electrical energy storage system, whose main function is to compensate for rapid changes in load power. LCOS sensitivity to changes in variables was analysed. The scope of potential application of the formula under consideration was specified, and the limitations preventing its wider use were indicated.
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Capacity Enhancement and Voltage Stability Improvement of Power Transmission Line by Series Compensation
Appears in:
ew 19(23): e3

Authors:
Md. Raihan-Al-Masud, Md. Minarul Islam, Md. Shahriar Hasan, Prajoy Podder

Downloads:
1079

Abstract:
To install a new infrastructure of a power transmission line is not only costly but also time-consuming, and it also have some harmful impact on our environment and therefore existing transmission infrastructure is important to use effectively. FACTS is a popular solution to utilize this existing p…To install a new infrastructure of a power transmission line is not only costly but also time-consuming, and it also have some harmful impact on our environment and therefore existing transmission infrastructure is important to use effectively. FACTS is a popular solution to utilize this existing power transmission system by using series compensation by means of the series capacitor to enhance the power transmission capacity as well as voltage stability. This paper explores the utilization of series capacitor applying to the power grid of Eastern part of Bangladesh. For doing this we have considered the analytical calculation of 10% to 85% compensation of that power line. As a result, we have observed that the power transfer capacity has been enhanced about 37 times and it also improve the voltage stability, when the compensation ration is 85%. We consider our calculation mathematically and represent the load curve and voltage profile by plotting in Matlab.
more »
Solar Tilt Angle Optimization of PV Systems for Different Case Studies
Appears in:
ew 19(23): e7

Author:
Hasan N. Muslim

Downloads:
1061

Abstract:
The evolution of solar photovoltaic systems (PV) in the last decade has been marvellous around the world. This growing in using of PV technique hinge on the electrical load profile that required to be covered and the rate of the electricity that can be generated from the areas where the solar cells…The evolution of solar photovoltaic systems (PV) in the last decade has been marvellous around the world. This growing in using of PV technique hinge on the electrical load profile that required to be covered and the rate of the electricity that can be generated from the areas where the solar cells to be installed. The production of PV systems is based on the fuel which is represented by the solar radiation. In this study, an algorithm has been proposed to optimize the solar tilt angle based on MATLAB software (m-file) in order to maximize the PV generation. Monthly and annually optimal tilt angles are suggested for different case studies those are: Najaf, California and New Delhi. Also, the estimation of solar radiation for each month is calculated according to their optimal tilt angles. The obtained results indicate that the yearly gain of solar radiation from orientation solar panels is approximately 18% for Najaf city and a high gain values for winter months with very small energy gains for summery months, and so on for other case studies. This proposed algorithm is general program and can be applied for any site on the earth by changing the latitude and longitude of the desired area.
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Improved Prediction of Wind Speed using Machine Learning
Appears in:
ew 19(23): e2

Author:
Senthil Kumar P

Downloads:
983

Abstract:
The prediction of wind speed plays a significant role in wind energy systems. An accurate prediction of wind speed is more important for wind energy systems, but it is difficult due to its uncertain nature. This paper presents three artificial neural networks namely, Back Propagation Network (BPN),…The prediction of wind speed plays a significant role in wind energy systems. An accurate prediction of wind speed is more important for wind energy systems, but it is difficult due to its uncertain nature. This paper presents three artificial neural networks namely, Back Propagation Network (BPN), Radial Basis Function (RBF) and Nonlinear AutoRegressive model process with eXogenous inputs (NARX) with Mutual Information (MI) feature selection for wind speed prediction. The MI feature selection identifies the significant features and reduces the complexity of wind speed prediction model without loss of information content. The performance of prediction model is evaluated in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). The results show that the performance of all three neural network models are highly satisfied. Moreover, NARX model with mutual information feature selection is more accurate in dealing with wind speed prediction.
more »
Classification of Vehicle Types in Car Parks using Computer Vision Techniques
Appears in:
ew 15(7): e5

Authors:
Chadly Marouane, Lorenz Schauer, Philipp Bauer

Downloads:
862

Abstract:
The growing population of big cities has led to certain issues, such as overloaded car parks. Ubiquitous systems can help to increase the capacity through an efficient usage of existing parking slots. In this case, cars are recognized during the entrance phases in order to guide them automatically …The growing population of big cities has led to certain issues, such as overloaded car parks. Ubiquitous systems can help to increase the capacity through an efficient usage of existing parking slots. In this case, cars are recognized during the entrance phases in order to guide them automatically to a proper slot for space-saving reasons. Prior to this step, it is necessary to determine the size of vehicles. In this work, we analyze different methods for vehicle classification and size measurement using the existing hardware of car parks. Computer vision techniques are applied for extracting information out of video streams of existing security cameras. For streams with lower resolution, a method is introduced figuring out width and height of a car with the help of reference objects. For streams with a higher resolution, a second approach is applied using face recognition algorithms and a training database in order to classify car types. Our evaluation of a real-life scenario at a major German airport showed a small error deviation of just a few centimeters for the fist method. For the type classification approach, an applicable accuracy of over 80 percent with up to 100 percent in certain cases have been achieved. Given these results, the performed methods show high potentials for a suitable determination of vehicles based on installed security cameras.
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MAC Layer Design for Network-Enabled Visible Light Communication Systems Compliant with IEEE 802.15.7
Appears in:
ew 17(14): e5

Authors:
Trio Adiono, Syifaul Fuada, Muhamad Luthfi, Rosmianto Aji Saputro

Downloads:
828

Abstract:
The design and implementation of medium access control (MAC) layer for network-enabled visible light communication (VLC) system is presented in this paper. The point-to-point link was chosen because of its simple in configuration as well as implementation. Whereas the FPGA Zybo Zynq-7000 is employe…The design and implementation of medium access control (MAC) layer for network-enabled visible light communication (VLC) system is presented in this paper. The point-to-point link was chosen because of its simple in configuration as well as implementation. Whereas the FPGA Zybo Zynq-7000 is employed for prototyping the hardware of VLC system because of it serve a Linux operating system (OS), i.e. Xillinux. Our MAC layer has been realized in Python programming and running above the Zynq-7000 processor. The designed MAC Layer is adapted from IEEE 802.15.7 standard, specifically for delivering and receiving the MAC frames from the coordinator to the device or vice versa, wrapping the IP packets and unwrapping the MAC Frames with MAC headers and trailers, and performing the error detection in which the cyclic redundant check 16 (CRC-16) was selected. According to the functionality test, our proposed VLC system can perform to send the multimedia contents (video and image) as well as data packet for internet accessing purpose like a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) connectivity. Thus, it can be concluded that the implemented MAC layer has met the functionality specifications referred to the IEEE 802.15.7 standard. We also provide the Pseudo-code of designed MAC layer and its Python script (source-code) implementation that can be found in the Appendix section.
more »
Green Communications: Techniques and Challenges
Appears in:
ew 17(14): e4

Authors:
Nabeel Ahmed Malik, Masood Ur-Rehman

Downloads:
819

Abstract:
Green technology has drawn a huge amount of attention with the development of the modern world. Similarly with the development in communication technology the industries and researchers are focusing to make this communication as green as possible. In cellular technology the evolution of 5G is the n…Green technology has drawn a huge amount of attention with the development of the modern world. Similarly with the development in communication technology the industries and researchers are focusing to make this communication as green as possible. In cellular technology the evolution of 5G is the next step to fulfil the user demands and it will be available to the users in 2020. This will increase the energy consumption by which will result in excess emission of co2. In this paper different techniques for the green communication technology and some challenges are discussed. These techniques include device-to-device communication (D2D), massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems, heterogeneous networks (HetNets) and Green Internet of Things (IoT).
more »
Real-Time Simulation Technique of a Microgrid Model for DER Penetration
Appears in:
ew 14(2): e2

Authors:
Konstantina Mentesidi, Evangelos Rikos, Vasilis Kleftakis

Downloads:
795

Abstract:
Comprehensive analysis of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) integration requires tools that provide computational power and flexibility. In this context, throughout this paper PHIL simulations are performed to emulate the energy management system of a real microgrid including a diesel synchronous …Comprehensive analysis of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) integration requires tools that provide computational power and flexibility. In this context, throughout this paper PHIL simulations are performed to emulate the energy management system of a real microgrid including a diesel synchronous machine and inverter-based sources. Moreover, conventional frequency and voltage droops were incorporated into the respective inverters. The results were verified at the real microgrid installation in the Centre for Renewable Energy Sources (CRES) premises. This research work is divided into two steps: A) Real time in RSCAD/RTDS and Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL) simulations where the diesel generator´s active power droop control is evaluated, the battery inverter´s droop curves are simulated and the load sharing for parallel operation of the system´s generation units is examined. B) microgrid experiments during which various tests were executed concerning the diesel generator and the battery inverters in order to examine their dynamic operation within the LV islanded power system.
more »
Consensus-based distributed control for economic dispatch problem with comprehensive constraints in a smart grid
Appears in:
ew 14(2): e3

Authors:
J. Cao, M. Yu, J. Tung

Downloads:
707

Abstract:
Economic dispatch problem (EDP) has become more complex and challenging in power systems due to the introduction of smart grids. In a smart grid, it’s expensive and unreliable for the existing centralized controller to achieve a minimum cost when generating a certain amount of power. In this work…Economic dispatch problem (EDP) has become more complex and challenging in power systems due to the introduction of
smart grids. In a smart grid, it’s expensive and unreliable for the existing centralized controller to achieve a minimum cost
when generating a certain amount of power. In this work, we define a quadratic cost function and comprehensive
constraints to improve the consensus algorithm. We propose a distributed control approach based on the improved
consensus algorithm to solve the EDP in a smart grid. Different from the centralized approach, the proposed approach
enables each generator to collect the mismatch between power demands and generations in a distributed manner. The
mismatch in power is used as a feedback for each generator to adjust its power generation. The incremental cost of the
generator is selected as the consensus quantity that converges to a common value eventually. Simulation results of
different case studies are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The comparisons between
the proposed approach and the existing ones are also presented.
more »
Complex Systems Engineering: designing in sociotechnical systems for the energy transition
Appears in:
ew 17(11): e1

Authors:
J. A. Moncada, E. H. Park Lee, G.D.C. Nava Guerrero, O. Okur, S.T. Chakraborty, Z. Lukszo

Downloads:
700

Abstract:
The EU has set ambitious targets for an energy transition. While research often focuses on technology, institutions or actors, a transition requires complex coordination and comprehensive analysis and design. We propose a framework accounting for technology, institutions and actors’ perspective to …The EU has set ambitious targets for an energy transition. While research often focuses on technology, institutions or actors, a transition requires complex coordination and comprehensive analysis and design. We propose a framework accounting for technology, institutions and actors’ perspective to design in socio-technical systems. We present its application, firstly, to biodiesel production in Germany; secondly, to vehicle-to-grid contracts in a Car as a Power Plant microgrid. We show how using the framework as the core in modelling can contribute to the performance improvement of these systems. Future work will elaborate on the next generation of thermal energy systems, coordination control of microgrids and implementing flexibility through demand response aggregation. Overall, designing solutions to the problems described calls for comprehensive engineers who look beyond the technical design and deal with multi actor socio-political processes including institutional consideration.
more »

Publisher: EAI
ISSN: 2032-944X
Number of Volumes: 7

Last Published: 20th Mar 2020

EAI Endorsed Transactions on Energy Web

Ghazanfar Safdar1

Iosif Breido2

Ghazanfar Safdar¹

Iosif Breido²