AI and Abductive Inference-Based Techniques for Power-System Abnormal Alarm Identification and On-Site Grid Operational Behavior Analysis

During the operation of power-system industrial control and monitoring platforms (e.g., SCADA/EMS and substation automation), strong coupling among components and multi-source heterogeneous data often lead to alarm flooding and complicate root cause identification. To address this, this paper proposes an intelligent abnormal-alarm identification and on-site operation behavior analysis method, combining artificial intelligence with an abductive inference framework. Under fixed parameters, the method first aggregates raw alarm streams by events to enhance structure and interpretability. Then, a diagonal-covariance Gaussian Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is trained with normal data, and a path-deviation metric ranks root cause candidates. Multi-source evidence chains—integrating temporal, network, and semantic features—further improve inference interpretability for grid operation and maintenance. Using annotated operation logs, four quantitative metrics (MTTA, MTTR, action rate, consistency) assess the link between model outputs and actual handling behaviors. Experiments on five test sets show the method achieves a 78% alarm compression rate and a 0.43 average silhouette coefficient. Top-1 and Top-3 root cause localization hit rates are 71.8% and 88.5%, with path score fluctuations under 0.05 nats. The average MTTA and MTTR are 186s and 792s, with an 84% action rate and 72% consistency. These results confirm the method’s effectiveness in mitigating alarm flooding, improving root cause localization, and supporting on-site decision-making in power-grid operational scenarios.