Determinants of workplace pro-environmental behavior in the hotel industry: A case study of service employees at five-star hotels in Da Nang, Vietnam

In the context of growing global concern for sustainable development, employees’ pro-environmental behavior in the workplace has become a vital factor for organizational sustainability in the hospitality industry. This study examines the factors that influence workplace pro-environmental behavior among service employees in five-star hotels in Da Nang, Vietnam. Based on existing literature, the research develops a conceptual model where local environmental policy and green organizational culture act as independent variables, while employees’ environmental intention and environmental commitment serve as mediators affecting workplace pro-environmental behavior. A quantitative research approach was used, employing survey data collected from hotel employees. The data were analyzed through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show that both local environmental protection policies and green organizational cultures positively influence employees’ environmental intention and environmental commitment. However, environmental intention did not significantly predict workplace pro-environmental behavior, whereas employees' environmental commitment had a strong positive effect. The model explained 61.8% (R² = 0.618) of the variance in workplace pro-environmental behavior, and both local policies and green organizational culture exerted significant indirect effects through employees’ commitment. These findings highlight the crucial role of organizational culture and local policies in promoting sustainable practices within the hotel industry. The study enhances the theoretical understanding of workplace pro-environmental behavior in service organizations and offers practical insights for hotel managers and policymakers to promote green practices among employees.