Fusion Deposition Modelling and Parametric Optimization for Warping Mitigation in 3D Printing of Polylactic Acid Thermoplastic

The recent proliferation of 3D printing technology, particularly in rapid prototyping, has been remarkable. Additive manufacturing techniques construct 3D objects layer by layer or along specific paths. This study focuses on examining and mitigating warping deformations in Fused Deposition Modelling 3D printed objects, with a specific emphasis on varying process parameters. The optimization technique employed is response surface methodology, with nozzle temperature and print speed as continuous factors, and bed temperature as a categorical factor. The research investigates the impact of different nozzle temperatures (185°C, 200°C, and 210°C), printing speeds (15 mm/s, 45 mm/s, and 55 mm/s), and bed temperatures (27°C and 50°C) during the FDM 3D printing process. Experimental findings identify optimal conditions for minimal warping deformation. Notably, the lowest warping deformation value was achieved at a nozzle temperature of 200°C, print speed of 15 mm/s, and bed temperature of 27°C. This research highlights the complex interaction between nozzle temperature, printing speed, and other parameters in controlling warping deformations during FDM 3D printing, offering valuable insights for enhanced printing outcomes.