Exergaming Characteristics in Interventions Addressing Physical Activity and Nutrition: A Systematic Literature Review

INTRODUCTION: The increasing popularity of exergames to promote the adoption of physical activity and healthy nutrition among different population groups is well established. However, due to the use of various types of exergames, their effectiveness in addressing specific behaviours varies. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aims to identify, classify exergaming elements, and examine their efficacy in enhancing physical activity levels, improve nutrition habits, or a combination of both, across various populations. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted to identify relevant publications. Data on study characteristics pertaining to types of exergames, purpose, focus, target population, technologies used, and the theoretical framework were extracted. A classification scheme of exergaming components and characteristics has been developed to facilitate this systematic review. RESULTS: A total of 34 studies were included and n=21 of them were experimental. Most studies (n=31) were focused on Physical Activity using exergames, whereas n=9 studies addressed both Physical Activity and Nutrition simultaneously. CONCLUSION: All of the studies reported positive behavioural outcomes, although, prolonged and sustained engagement with exergames were not consistently reported.