Integrating Social Capital to Problem-Based Learning Model in Enhancing Interpersonal Skill

This study examines the need to develop a problem-based learning (PBL) model integrated with community social capital to enhance students’ interpersonal skills. Using an explanatory qualitative approach, data were collected through focus group discussions to explore current social studies learning practices and identify development needs. The findings indicate a strong necessity for a social capital-based PBL model, particularly in addressing existing gaps in social studies instruction. Insights from teachers and subject experts reveal that such a model aligns with the multidisciplinary nature of social studies and supports the implementation of the 2013 curriculum. Moreover, integrating social capital elements—such as trust, social networks, and shared norms—facilitates the development of interpersonal competencies as part of essential 21st-century skills. SWOT analysis further highlights the strategic potential of this approach in strengthening students’ ability to understand, analyze, and solve real-world social problems.