Research Article
Validating the SPIRIT Learning Model: Integrating Flipped Learning and Gamification for 3D Animation Education
@INPROCEEDINGS{10.4108/eai.5-12-2025.2363835, author={T Rafli Abdillah and Efendi Napitupulu and Abdul Hamid K}, title={Validating the SPIRIT Learning Model: Integrating Flipped Learning and Gamification for 3D Animation Education}, proceedings={Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Seminar on Transformative Education and Educational Leadership, AISTEEL 2025, 5 December 2025, Medan, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia}, publisher={EAI}, proceedings_a={AISTEEL}, year={2026}, month={7}, keywords={SPIRIT learning model flipped learning gamification 3D animation vocational education expert validation}, doi={10.4108/eai.5-12-2025.2363835} }- T Rafli Abdillah
Efendi Napitupulu
Abdul Hamid K
Year: 2026
Validating the SPIRIT Learning Model: Integrating Flipped Learning and Gamification for 3D Animation Education
AISTEEL
EAI
DOI: 10.4108/eai.5-12-2025.2363835
Abstract
The rapid expansion of the digital creative industry requires vocational higher education to develop not only students’ technical skills but also their creativity, autonomy, and adaptability. However, current instructional practices in 3D animation education remain predominantly teacher-centered and product-oriented, limiting opportunities for reflective thinking and self-directed learning. Moreover, existing studies tend to implement flipped learning and gamification as separate approaches, lacking an integrated instructional framework specifically designed for creative vocational contexts. This study aims to develop and validate the SPIRIT Learning Model, an instructional framework that systematically integrates flipped learning and gamification to enhance student engagement and industry-relevant competencies in 3D animation education. The research employed a modified Research and Development (R&D) approach based on Borg and Gall, focusing on four stages: needs analysis, planning, prototype development, and expert validation. Three experts in instructional design, educational technology, and academic writing evaluated the model using content, construct, and syntax validity criteria. The validation results showed mean scores ranging from 4.14 to 4.58, indicating that the model is classified as Valid to Highly Valid.
