Validating Halal Food Knowledge Dimensions Using Malaysian Non-Muslim Consumers Sample

The drivers of non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia to consume halal food have become one of the topics in halal studies. Those studies mostly mentioned that health benefits become the main reason for the non-Muslim consumers to consume halal food. However, there are still perceptions amongst the non-Muslim consumers that the Islamic slaughtering method is inhumane. Hence, the non-Muslim consumers’ have an ambivalent evaluation towards halal food. To address this issue, halal food knowledge needs to be introduced to the non-Muslim consumers. However, since there are no empirical evidence regarding the dimensions of halal food knowledge, exploratory factor analysis is conducted to validate the structure and dimensionality of the construct by using SPSS version 21. Subsequently, the confirmatory factor analysis is performed to determine the dimensions of halal food knowledge in terms of theoretical validation through SmartPLS version 3.2.7. The results show that both health knowledge and animal friendly knowledge are the dimensions of halal food knowledge. In addition, the items are found to be reliable and meet the validity test criteria. Practical implications, future study suggestions, and methodological limitations are discussed.