Exploring the Progress of Soft Robot Applications in Extreme Environments

As robotic technology extends to complex scenarios, soft robots are gradually replacing traditional rigid robots in certain applications within extreme environments, leveraging their core advantages of high deformability and exceptional adaptability. This paper systematically analyzes the current applications and technological advancements of soft robots in extreme temperature, high-pressure, and high-radiation environments. It focuses on key breakthroughs such as the "rigid + flexible" collaborative operation mode, novel actuation mechanisms like magnetic or solar-driven systems, and optimized radiation shielding materials. The study also examines core challenges, including the insufficient stability of flexible sensing technologies and difficulties in signal processing. Finally, it explores the potential applications of emerging technologies such as liquid crystal elastomer fiber actuators and liquid metal materials.