Nusa Penida in The Past and Present: A Study of The Pattern of Socio-Cultural Life From Agriculture to Tourism

Nusa Penida refers to a small island located across the mainland of Bali Island. Geographical condition of the island is made of a hilly limestone area which is often considered as an isolated area with a stagnant pattern of its inhabiting community life. In reality, however, Nusa Penida features a dynamically developing phenomenon of change. In respect of this condition, this study aims to reveal the pattern of the people’s socio-cultural life of Nusa Penida during traditional agriculture to tourism industry. The problem in this study were examined using three theories: Theory of Cultural Ecology, Structural-Functional Theory and Theory of Sociology of Tourism. The study was conducted using a qualitative research method with a historical approach. The research data were collected through an in-depth interview and literature study. Data were analysed using a qualitative descriptive method. The results showed that the pattern of the people’s socio-cultural life of Nusa Penida from agriculture to tourism, respectively, had its own characteristics, that is to say, traditional-agrarian, commercial-oriented traditional life patterns, and the tourism period led to the prominence of tourism services.