Extract of Bitter Melon (Momordica Charantia L.) as a Cytotoxic and Anti Proliferaton Agent for Cells WiDr (Colon Cancer)

Colon cancer is one of the types of cancer that gives a high mortality rate. Colon cancer occurs due to cell abnormalities caused by DNA mutations. To reduce the death rate caused by cancer, there have been many attempts to find effective treatments, both modern and traditional. Modern treatments such as surgery and chemotherapy still often have adverse effects on sufferers. Therefore new efforts are made to find alternative treatments, one of which is the traditional way of exploring natural ingredients and utilizing secondary metabolites produced by plants. Pare (Momordica charantia L.) is an anticancer candidate characterized by the presence of cytotoxic saponins momordicosides, flavonoids, and alkaloids as inhibitors of cell development processes. This study's objectives were (1) To determine the cytotoxic effect of bitter melon (M. charantia L.) extract on reducing the number of colon cancer cells (WiDr), (2) To determine the effect of the proliferation of bitter melon (M. charantia L.) extract on reducing the number of colon cancer cells (WiDr). The results obtained for the cytotoxic test, namely the IC50 value of 111 µg / ml, were said to have quite toxic properties and were able to have anticancer activity. The proliferation test showed that EBP inhibited the proliferation rate at the 24-hour incubation period and had time to increase at a concentration of 13,875 µg / ml with values above 400 hours.