The Utilization of Low Carbon Steel as a Basic Material for Pressure Vessels: A Review

The selection of materials for making pressure vessels is still an important topic being studied today. Price factors, ease of processing, and reliability of the material are important things that need to be considered. On the other hand, accidents that occur in the industry due to errors in material selection and treatment of materials are the main causal factors. Low carbon steel has many advantages as the central material for pressure vessels, but it needs a more in-depth study to obtain comprehensive results. The purpose of the study was to analyze low carbon steel as the central material of pressure vessels. This research is a literature review research. This study examined the characteristics of low carbon steel and the types of treatments that can be done to become the central material of pressure vessels. The results of the study indicate that low carbon steel can be central material of pressure vessel. However, during the welding process of low carbon steel, there are changes in the properties of the material such as residual stress and hydrogen trapping in the welding. Alternative solutions that can be done are by preheating, post weld heat treatment (pwht), and coating on low carbon steel.