Evaluation of Electronic Parking Terminal Policies in the City of Bandung

Advances in parking management technology play a crucial role in improving urban mobility efficiency. Since 2017, the City of Bandung has implemented the Electronic Parking Terminal (TPE) program to increase parking revenue and address the inefficiencies of conventional parking systems. However, after several years of implementation, the outcomes remain below expectations. This study evaluates the performance of the TPE program, identifies key obstacles in its execution, and proposes improvement strategies. The research applies the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation framework to provide a comprehensive assessment of the program’s implementation. Using a qualitative approach through interviews and field observations, the study finds that the TPE program has not functioned optimally. From the context dimension, TPE deployment is still concentrated in urban centers, despite its potential to meet community and government needs for a digital parking system. The input aspect reveals limitations in infrastructure, budgeting, personnel, and training. From the process perspective, implementation is hindered by technical malfunctions and insufficient public socialization, while the product dimension shows that parking revenue has yet to meet targeted regional income levels. To enhance performance, the study recommends regular maintenance, expanded payment options, intensive socialization, periodic evaluation, subscription-based e-parking, and stronger supervision.