The Role of Local Government in Environmental Policy Implementation: A Case Study in Jakarta, Bandung and Surabaya

Increasing environmental challenges in Indonesia's big cities, such as Jakarta, Surabaya and Bandung, caused by urbanization, industrialization and climate change. Local governments have an important role in implementing effective environmental policies to face these challenges. However, policy implementation at the regional level often faces various obstacles, such as limited resources, lack of community participation, and economic pressure. The aim of this research is to analyze the role of local governments in implementing environmental policies and identify inhibiting and supporting factors that influence their success. The research method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by collecting, evaluating and synthesizing relevant literature regarding environmental policy at the regional level in Indonesia. The research results show that there are different approaches in each city in dealing with environmental issues, where Jakarta tends to apply a top-down approach, Surabaya focuses on a community-based approach, and Bandung relies on environmental revitalization and cross-sector collaboration. Factors supporting successful policy implementation include local government commitment, public awareness, and technological support. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include budget limitations, lack of coordination between agencies, and economic pressure.