Postpartum Depression Interventions For Mothers In Indonesia: A Literature Review

Postpartum depression is a significant mental health problem among mothers in Indonesia. This review examines non-pharmacological interventions to address postpartum depression among mothers in Indonesia between 2015 and 2025. The data comprise 25 experimental studies involving postpartum mothers across multiple regions in Indonesia. Interventions included physical, psychological, psychoeducational, psychospiritual, midwifery care, and multidimensional approaches. The results show that most interventions significantly reduced postpartum depression scores measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Digital and religious-spiritual psychoeducation interventions (dzikir and Quranic recitations) were also effective. Identified limitations include short intervention duration and frequency, quality of guidance, participants’ socioeconomic factors, and limited control of external variables. Overall, non-pharmacological interventions effectively support mental health in postpartum mothers in Indonesia and are recommended for integration into primary healthcare services. This review provides empirical evidence to inform culturally and contextually appropriate prevention and management strategies for postpartum depression.