New QoS and Geographical Routing in Wireless Biomedical Sensor Networks

In this paper we deal with biomedical applications of wireless sensor networks, and propose a new quality of service (QoS) routing protocol. The protocol design relies on tra±c diversity of these applications and en- sures a di®erentiation routing using QoS metrics. It is based on modular and scalable approach, where the pro- tocol operates in a distributed, localized, computation and memory e±cient way. The data tra±c is classi¯ed into several categories according to the required QoS metrics, where di®erent routing metrics and techniques are accordingly suggested for each category. The proto- col attempts for each packet to ful¯ll the required QoS metrics in a power-aware way, by locally selecting the best candidate. It employs memory and computation e±cient estimators, and uses a multi-sink single-path approach to increase reliability. The main contribution of this paper is data tra±c based QoS with regard to all the considered QoS metrics. To our best knowledge, this protocol is the ¯rst that makes use of the diver- sity in the data tra±c while considering latency, relia- bility, residual energy in the sensor nodes, and trans- mission power between sensor nodes as QoS metrics of the multi-objective problem. The proposed algorithm can operate with any MAC protocol, provided that it employs an ACK mechanism. Performance evaluation through a simulation study, comparing the new protocol with state-of-the QoS and localized protocols, show that it outperforms all the compared protocols.