Improving Patient Care in the Emergency Wards of Bangladesh Through an RFID-Based Web Simulation

Emergency wards in Bangladesh are often overcrowded, understaffed, and lack automated patient monitoring tools. As a result, critical events such as patient falls or sudden deterioration may go unnoticed until too late and essential medical equipment is often misplaced or unavailable when urgently needed. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a web-based system that integrates passive UHF RFID for patient location and chipless RFID for low-cost equipment tracking. The system features real-time patient location updates, automated fall detection alarms, and logging of equipment usage history. An edge–cloud architecture processes RFID data locally for fast alerts and stores records in a cloud database for long-term analysis. A simulation study was done using this system of 50 virtual patients and five tagged devices to evaluate location accuracy, alert latency, and operational reliability. Results showed an average location accuracy of 92%, fall detection sensitivity of 88%, alert latency below two seconds, and system uptime of 99%. Compared to traditional manual monitoring, this approach offers a scalable, cost-effective solution suitable for resource-constrained hospitals. The study highlights both the opportunities and challenges of deploying RFID in the emergency care system of Bangladesh and lays the groundwork for future real-world pilot trials.