Blockchain-Enabled Trustworthy Digital Twin Management System

Digital twin (DT) technology exhibits significant potential across various industries, particularly within smart city mobile vehicular networks. However, its broader application and deeper exploration in this domain are hindered by persistent challenges concerning data integrity, system vulnerability, and centralized architectures. Blockchain technology, functioning as a distributed ledger, offers inherent properties of trustworthiness, decentralization, and tamper resistance, positioning it as a promising solution for overcoming these limitations. Nevertheless, existing blockchain-based approaches often inadequately address critical requirements such as computational load balancing, robust data verification, and deep scenario-specific integration, leaving substantial room for improvement in system efficiency, reliability, and usability. To overcome these inherent constraints, this paper proposes a blockchain-based trusted digital twin management system. Firstly, we develop a three-layer architecture for mobile vehicular digital twins, comprising the Digital Twin Layer, the Data Interaction Layer, and the Blockchain Layer, to manage every stage of DT data, from generation to processing and storage. Secondly, we introduce a fairness-oriented consensus mechanism, enhanced by a sigmoid-based smoothing function, to mitigate oligopoly risks and ensure computational load balance. Furthermore, we demonstrate that an isolation forest-based rollback verification method effectively facilitates anomaly detection and guarantees the consistency of historical digital twin data. Theoretical analysis and experimental results substantiate that the proposed system significantly enhances the reliability and robustness of digital twin management.