QoS aware Routing for End-to-End Reliability of Delay Sensitive Events in Wireless Sensor Networks

Most of the applications developed for wireless sensor networks demand the QoS aware routing protocol in order to deliver the high critical data more reliably with minimum number of message exchanges. This will lead to achieve significant energy conservation and low delivery latency under congested network conditions. In this paper, a novel Energy Reservation based QoS (ERes-QoS) aware routing protocol has been proposed. The ERes-QoS ensures end-to-end performance guarantee for high critical data on hop-by-hop basis in two domains: timeliness and reliability. An angle based router set is constructed at each node, to achieve on-time reachability of the data. For QoS provisioning in a reliability domain, we use local decision approach at each intermediate node, which exploits Multipaths, Energy Reservation and hop-by-hop unicasting with acknowledgement, without end-to-end path discovery and maintenance. The Proposed protocol provides a differentiated routing service by assigning priorities to data packets according to their criticality. This is done by reserving the required energy to relay the traffic at the routers along the dynamically explored path, and by employing packet classifier and multi-level queue priority scheduling modules at each intermediate node. As a result, the ERes-QoS achieves high data delivery ratio that meets both timeliness and reliability requirement. Simulation results demonstrate that, the ERes-QoS routing protocol provides significant improvements in data delivery latency, path establishment latency and data delivery ratio.