One of the 21st century abilities that must be mastered by students is the ability to think critically. To determine the level of successful students in developing critical thinking skills, an instrument is needed that can measure the critical thinking ability. The aimed of this study is to analyze the instrument of critical thinking skills. This research is quantitative methode. Data of critical thinking skills was obtained from 269 students on fifth grade from five elementary schools in Jakarta. The data was analyzed by rasch models using winstep version 4.4.3 software. The findings of the pilot study found that the reliability obtained based on the Cronbach Alpha is 0.98, so this value shows instruments used are in very good condition and effectively with a high level of consistency. Reliability of item is 0.99, while the separation of the item is 9.70 and this value can still be used because it shows that the entire item. The respondent was 0.72. While the separation of respondent is 1.62, it indicates in good condition and acceptable. The results showed that all items had a high value of Point Measure correlation which indicated that items could distinguish the ability of respondents. Instruments are valid and reliable can be used for further research

This study aims to see whether there is a relationship between student learning motivation with students' creative thinking skills. This research is a survey research using a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were 34 high school students. The instruments used in data collection were tests of creative thinking skills, motivational questionnaires, and interview guides. The results showed that there is a relationship between students who have high motivation, creative thinking skills are also high, and vice versa. Data obtained that 5.9% of students who have high motivation, 32.4% of students have moderate motivation, 58.8% of students who have low motivation, and 2.94% of students who have very low motivation. While students' creative thinking skills found 29.4% of students in the fluency stage, 35.3% of students at the flexibility stage, and 23.5% of students at the Novelty stage in solving math problems were given. So, it can be concluded the need for efforts made by the teacher is to design a Math Teaching Kit that can facilitate students' motivation and creative thinking skills.

The purpose of this research is to assess learning outcome and cognitive structure of grade 11th high school students on optical instruments concept. The research aimed to reveal the influence of Learning Cycle assisted by Physics at School Application. This research was quasi-experimental research using Pre- and Posttest Design. Subject of this research was grade XI students of Senior High School Jakarta as many as 70 students. Learning outcome data were collected by test developed by researcher, meanwhile cognitive structure data collected by student worksheet. The result showed that implementation of learning cycle assisted by Physics at School Application can increase students’ learning outcome which are knowledge (C1), comprehension (C2), application (C3) and analysis (C4). And also in the experimental group found that misconception decreased after applied learning cycle assisted by Physics at School Application.

The development of children's ability to adapt varies, this is also related to the character and perception of children. Children's perceptions develop in line with their social experiences that are obtained in a certain period of time. The acquisition of simple social skills has begun to be mastered by children in general in childhood, and more complex skills increase as they get older. People around children become "role models" for the development of a number of children's social skills such as interacting skills, establishing friendships, communication and independence. However for children with special needs, often simple social skills must be obtained with effort and relatively long time. This is exacerbated if the child's opportunity to practice is lacking due to lack of interaction. Descriptive qualitative research with the subjects of students with special needs consisting of 3 elementary school and 2 kindergarten in Tangerang. The result is that students can develop a number of social skills after taking education in inclusive schools. Based on the findings obtained how the role of schools in developing social skills is to make routine activities, provide guidance, positive attitude and give examples. The attitude shown by the school as an institution, and commitment will have an impact on the growth of social abilities.

This study aimed to describe and analyze the implementation of information literacy in learning Islamic Religious Education at Al-Izhar Islamic High School. Information literacy is closely related to the ability to think critically. This study applied a qualitative approach, with a type of case study research. The results indicate that the implementation of information literacy in learning Islamic Religious Education at Al-Izhar Islamic High School is very good, as seen from the role of PAI teachers who was so great in the process of developing information literacy in classroom learning, encourage habituation activities to students, and support the additional lessons.

This study is essentially intended to reveal more about the pattern of the right management to manage the interaction of science and Islam at the Islamic university, especially in the process of learning and studying of the natural sciences such as physics, chemistry, biology, and mathematics. This management model is important to find because there are some practices of the existing management types that offering dogmatic approach, being exclusive in the use of references, being normative, attributive and many other forms. Epistemologically is much less. In Axiological, or rather pragmatically, the pattern is well set. Pragmatically, there is an obvious tendency that there should be an appreciative mechanism for Muslim scientists in the past and in the present by giving priority to cite their works more than the works of non-Muslim scientists. Also there is a need for Muslim scientists now to be proportionally normative in their scientific works. These models usually require Muslim researchers to cite more Quran verses in their scientific publications, or even in their research proposals. From the flash of the above results, it appears that the urgency of this research is how the Islamic university can manage the harmony between science with its scientific method, and Islam with its dogmatic and pragmatic principles. With one goal, that any scientific discovery produced by the university can remain valid scientifically.

This research aims to unravel Chomsky’s statement that this theory can be implemented in world languages including Arabic. The main conclusion of this thesis is generative transformation theory was carried out by Chomsky can be implemented into the Arabic Al-Qur'an in all patterns. But on Arabic grammar, especially the Arabic Al-Qur'an, these patterns are very diverse and varied. For example, there is a change in harakat, caused by the difference in position i’rab, al-ziyadah which has lots of pattern or way, so did the placement pattern (al-ihlal) and pattern i'adat al-tartib particularly at taqdim wa ta'khir and hadhf. In the matter of the application of this theory, the author brings forth Mohammad Ali Al-Khulli’s opinion that generative transformation theory can be implemented into Arabic grammar especially in the Al-Qur'an, but it’s more comprehensive.

Basic teaching skills are needed by teachers in learning. The PPL II program was designed to introduce students to real teacher assignments. The research problem of this research is how the basic skills of student teaching are in the perspective of the supervisor, while the research objective is to find out the basic skills of teaching students in the PPL II Program. This is a descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The samples of this study sample were 6 PLP II program supervisors. The research technique used is direct observation in learning activities and direct communication with the supervisors. This study aims to identify whether or not the students who were in the PPL II program have acquired the Basic Skill namely, (1) the skills of developing learning scenarios, (2) the skills of opening lessons, (3) the skills of explaining, (4) the skills of asking questions, (5) the skills of managing learning, (6) the skills of developing variations, (7) the skills of using instructional media, (8) the skills of providing reinforcement, (9) the skills of closing the learning. . This study quantitative descriptive study involved 6 teachers who supervised students at the PPL II program. Drawing on data from classroom observations and interviews, the study revealed that students at the PPL II program have an excellent competence in using learning media, but they need to enhance their in terms of explaining learning material.

The main problem of this study is physics learning process has not involved activity that can train critical thinking skill, so that affects students’ critical thinking skill low. This study aims to determine the effect of interactive multimedia base problem solving on students’ critical thinking skills in equilibrium and rotational dynamics concept. The study was conducted at Al-Qur’aniyyah Integrated Islamic Senior High School on July 2019. Purposive sampling was used in order to determine the samples of the test. This study used quasi-experimental method as research methodology and nonequivalent control group research design. The study used essay questions as instrumental test and questionnaire as instrumental non test. The hypothesis test of posttest score showed that there is an effect of interactive multimedia base problem solving on students’ critical thinking skills. Meanwhile, the result of students' questionnaire shows that learning using interactive multimedia base problem solving got a good category (78%).

The purpose of this research is to find out how the curriculum design used by the PGMI Study Program in general and in particular the PGMI Study Program at UIN Jakarta, also, researchers want to know the curriculum design that is used as an effect on or not the competence of graduates. The method used in this study is a descriptive theoretical method, researchers take several sources of theory and relate it to everyday observations. So it can be concluded that the curriculum design used in the UIN Jakarta PGMI Study Program and in general must follow the Indonesian National Curriculum Framework (KKNI). And the competencies that must be possessed by 21st-century teachers are technological prowess, mastery of soft skills and hard skills.